{"id":27214,"date":"2023-12-07T03:43:30","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T03:43:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/hop-dong-khoa-thoi-gian-hashed-timelock-contract-htlc-la-gi-dac-diem.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T14:54:43","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T07:54:43","slug":"hop-dong-khoa-thoi-gian-hashed-timelock-contract-htlc-la-gi-dac-diem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/hop-dong-khoa-thoi-gian-hashed-timelock-contract-htlc-la-gi-dac-diem.html","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng kho\u00e1 th\u1eddi gian (Hashed Timelock Contract – HTLC) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda. Ngu\u1ed3n: BTCManager.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng kho\u00e1 th\u1eddi gian<\/font><\/b><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng kho\u00e1 th\u1eddi gian<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0\u00a0Hashed Timelock Contract<\/b>, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 HTLC.<\/b><\/p>\n

H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng kho\u00e1 th\u1eddi gian (HTLC)<\/b> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c k\u00eanh\u00a0ti\u1ec1n m\u00e3 ho\u00e1\u00a0\u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn giao d\u1ecbch ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn thanh to\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng m\u1eadt m\u00e3 trong m\u1ed9t khung th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, giao d\u1ecbch s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n ra.<\/p>\n

Giao d\u1ecbch chu\u1ed7i ch\u00e9o nguy\u00ean t\u1eed gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n m\u00e3 ho\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai b\u1eb1ng HTLC. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng lightning (hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t) c\u1ee7a Bitcoin c\u0169ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HTLC. <\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng kho\u00e1 th\u1eddi gian <\/font><\/b><\/h3>\n

H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng kho\u00e1 th\u1eddi gian (HTLC) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch ti\u1ec1n m\u00e3 ho\u00e1 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch HTLC s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1eef k\u00ed, bao g\u1ed3m m\u00e3 kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang, \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t HTLC v\u1edbi c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch ti\u1ec1n m\u00e3 ho\u00e1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u00e3 kho\u00e1 hashlock. Hashlock l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n c\u1ee7a kh\u00f3a m\u1eadt m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o giao d\u1ecbch. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf m\u00e3 kh\u00f3a ban \u0111\u1ea7u. Trong HTLC, b\u00ean kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t m\u00e3 kho\u00e1 v\u00e0 kho\u00e1 n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i. M\u00e3 kho\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong giao d\u1ecbch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a HTLC l\u00e0 khung th\u1eddi gian. Hai m\u00e3 kh\u00f3a th\u1eddi gian kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian cho c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng HTLC. M\u00e3 kho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 Check Lock Time Verify (x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn th\u1eddi gian m\u00e3 kho\u00e1, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 CLTV). N\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3 kho\u00e1 tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf khung th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng bitcoin. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1i th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 Check Sequence Verify (x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 CSV). N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed1i (block) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o nh\u1eb1m theo d\u00f5i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t giao d\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n giao d\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng HTLC, c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan c\u1ea7n m\u1edf th\u00f4ng c\u00e1c k\u00eanh v\u1edbi nhau. <\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng kho\u00e1 th\u1eddi gian<\/font><\/b><\/h3>\n

Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed Alice mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed5i bitcoin c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u1ea5y litecoin t\u1eeb Bob. M\u1ed9t giao d\u1ecbch HTLC \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh gi\u1eefa h\u1ecd di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

1. Alice t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00e3 kho\u00e1 t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 cho Bob tr\u00ean chu\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i (blockchain) litecoin. C\u00f4 c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 kho\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t giao d\u1ecbch danh ngh\u0129a. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00f4 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t giao d\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n

2. Bob c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00e3 kho\u00e1 t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 cho Alice. Ngo\u00e0i ra, anh t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t giao d\u1ecbch danh ngh\u0129a (b\u1eb1ng litecoin) v\u1edbi Alice.<\/p>\n

3. Sau khi Alice nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao d\u1ecbch litecoin c\u1ee7a Bob, c\u00f4 \u1ea5y m\u1edf kho\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f3a g\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong \u1ea3nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Bob c\u0169ng v\u1eady, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf kh\u00f3a giao d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Alice.<\/p>\n

(Theo\u00a0Investopedia<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng kho\u00e1 th\u1eddi gian (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Hashed Timelock Contract – HTLC) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c k\u00eanh ti\u1ec1n m\u00e3 ho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1eddi gian.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[415],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27214"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27214"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27214\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27214"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27214"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27214"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}