{"id":27306,"date":"2023-12-07T03:46:37","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T03:46:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/co-che-dong-thuan-consensus-mechanism-la-gi-noi-dung-ve-co-che-dong-thuan.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T14:55:14","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T07:55:14","slug":"co-che-dong-thuan-consensus-mechanism-la-gi-noi-dung-ve-co-che-dong-thuan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/co-che-dong-thuan-consensus-mechanism-la-gi-noi-dung-ve-co-che-dong-thuan.html","title":{"rendered":"C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn (Consensus Mechanism) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? N\u1ed9i dung v\u1ec1 C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"vnbcbc-body vceditor-content wi-active\" data-role=\"content\">\n<figure class=\"VCSortableInPreviewMode\" type=\"Photo\" style=\"\">\n<div><\/div><figcaption class=\"PhotoCMS_Caption\">\n<p data-placeholder=\"[Nh\u1eadp ch\u00fa th\u00edch \u1ea3nh]\" class=\"\">H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda (Ngu\u1ed3n: miro.medium.com)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><font style=\"line-height: 22px; font-size: 22px;\" color=\"#3d85c6\">C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn (Consensus Mechanism)<\/font><\/h2>\n<p><b>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0<b> Consensus Mechanism.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><i>C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn<\/i><b> <\/b>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u1ecbu l\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn mong mu\u1ed1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111a t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n. N\u00f3 r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h3><font style=\"line-height: 22px; font-size: 22px;\" color=\"#3d85c6\">N\u1ed9i dung v\u1ec1 C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn<\/font><\/h3>\n<p>Trong b\u1ea5t k\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp trung n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p l\u00e1i xe \u1edf m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia, qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean trung t\u00e2m c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt nh\u01b0 th\u00eam, x\u00f3a, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt t\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan trung \u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m duy tr\u00ec h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 g\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng khai ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p, t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh tr\u00ean qui m\u00f4 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u01a1 quan \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0o. Ch\u00fang li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c minh v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean chu\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khai th\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<p>Trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i linh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i, c\u00e1c s\u1ed5 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb c\u00f4ng khai n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ed5 c\u00e1i. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ef1c k\u00ec quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi <i>c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn<\/i>, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 qui t\u1eafc quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng chu\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n v\u1ec1 <b>c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn<\/b> kh\u00e1c nhau ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<p>+ Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n proof of work (POW) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 bitcoin v\u00e0 litecoin. N\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t n\u00fat ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn b\u1edfi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n th\u00eam giao d\u1ecbch m\u1edbi v\u00e0o chu\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf khai th\u00e1c bitcoin n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian x\u1eed l\u00ed l\u00e2u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>+ Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n proof of stake (POS) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c tri\u1ec3n khai nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf cho thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n POW b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec s\u1ed5 c\u00e1i c\u00f4ng khai cho m\u1ed9t n\u00fat ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng token ti\u1ec1n \u1ea3o do n\u00f3 n\u1eafm gi\u1eef. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 n\u00f3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, thay v\u00ec chi ti\u00eau ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<p>T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Proof of Capacity (POC) cho ph\u00e9p chia s\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng gian b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u00fat c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng chu\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i. N\u00fat c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng gian \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a c\u1ee9ng th\u00ec c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ed5 c\u00e1i c\u00f4ng khai.<\/p>\n<p><i>(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: investopedia.com)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"vnbcbc-sapo\" data-role=\"sapo\">\n                            C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Consensus Mechanism) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u1ecbu l\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn mong mu\u1ed1n&#8230;\n                        <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[415],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27306"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27306"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27306\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27306"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27306"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27306"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}