{"id":27498,"date":"2023-12-07T04:35:41","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T04:35:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/mo-hinh-san-xuat-hieu-suat-cao-high-performance-manufacturing-hpm-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T15:14:30","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T08:14:30","slug":"mo-hinh-san-xuat-hieu-suat-cao-high-performance-manufacturing-hpm-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/mo-hinh-san-xuat-hieu-suat-cao-high-performance-manufacturing-hpm-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao (High Performance Manufacturing – HPM) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda (Ngu\u1ed3n: Engineersaustralia)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0: High Performance Manufacturing – HPM.<\/b><\/p>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao <\/b>l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o (manufacturing), nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 chi ph\u00ed, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1eddi gian, t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao – High Performance Manufacturing (HPM) b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi – World Class Manufacturing (WCM) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra t\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1980 do Hayes & Wheelwright (1984) \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 Schonberger (1986) ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sau khi quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m chung c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y. <\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0: Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n (TQM), V\u1eeba \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac (JIT), 6 Sigma.., c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh HPM l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0: <\/p>\n

X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kinh doanh; thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh HPM<\/font><\/h3>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh HPM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 bao g\u1ed3m 4 nh\u00f3m y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:<\/p>\n

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– Nh\u00f3m 1: T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c. <\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m: t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y \u201cph\u1eb3ng\u201d, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111a n\u0103ng, lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00f3m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a doanh nghi\u1ec7p\u2026<\/p>\n

– Nh\u00f3m 2: Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, JIT, TPM, Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ec1m mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p, giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n\u2026 <\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfp thu t\u1eeb kinh nghi\u1ec7m Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n trong qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh, quan h\u1ec7 nh\u00e0 cung \u1ee9ng…), JIT (s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Kanban, b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng JIT, b\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u00e9o), TPM (b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c, b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn m\u00e1y m\u00f3c). <\/p>\n

N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, JIT, TPM l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed, bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. <\/p>\n

V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX, qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng quan tr\u1ecdng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 2 chi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c – xu\u00f4i d\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i. Nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m v\u00e0o chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

– Nh\u00f3m 3: Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi, Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o cao, c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c: <\/p>\n

T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt QFD, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p; ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

– Nh\u00f3m 4: K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh, th\u1eddi gian, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 linh ho\u1ea1t, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o\u2026, tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf so s\u00e1nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. <\/p>\n

C\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 g\u1ee3i \u00fd cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, TS. Phan Ch\u00ed Anh, TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Thu H\u00e0, T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed C\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng, )<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao (ti\u1ebfng Anh: High Performance Manufacturing – HPM) l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[416],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27498"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27498"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27498\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27498"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27498"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27498"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}