{"id":27835,"date":"2023-12-07T04:46:37","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T04:46:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/poka-yoke-fool-proofing-la-gi-loi-ich-va-chuc-nang.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T16:56:33","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T09:56:33","slug":"poka-yoke-fool-proofing-la-gi-loi-ich-va-chuc-nang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/poka-yoke-fool-proofing-la-gi-loi-ich-va-chuc-nang.html","title":{"rendered":"Poka Yoke (Fool-proofing) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda (Ngu\u1ed3n: Ny-consult)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Poka Yoke<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Poka Yoke<\/b> hay Ch\u1ed1ng sai l\u1ed7i<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0: Fool-proofing.<\/b><\/p>\n

Poka Yoke<\/b> l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba sai l\u1ed7i hay ch\u1ed1ng sai l\u1ed7i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed Shigeo Shingo nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Toyota.\u00a0<\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a Poka Yoke l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi khi ch\u00fang x\u1ea3y ra. Shigeo Shingo ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m sai s\u00f3t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.\u00a0<\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a Poka Yoke l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh khi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t v\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt t\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, hay qu\u00ean, s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn sai l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Poka Yoke c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cho b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u1ea3y ra l\u1ed7i, trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/font><\/strong><\/h3>\n

– Gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00fang ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u;\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t x\u1ea3y ra do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb;\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ed7i v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed do vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

(Theo S\u00e1ch c\u1ea9m nang ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t ch\u00e2t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng – Vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam)<\/i><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Poka\u2013Yoke<\/font><\/h3>\n

C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ed1ng sai l\u1ed7i Poka\u2013Yoke c\u00f3 3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 :<\/p>\n

Poka\u2013Yoke gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c sai l\u1ed7i, s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trong m\u1ed9t qui tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, sai s\u00f3t d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi, trong khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u1ebft. L\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ed1ng sai l\u1ed7i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi c\u00e1c sai s\u00f3t, th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nhanh nh\u1ea5t.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n sai l\u1ed7i, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 Poka Yoke s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u1eaft h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u00e1o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi li\u00ean quan. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i, s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u chi ph\u00ed h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e8n b\u00e1o ba m\u00e0u Xanh \u2013 V\u00e0ng \u2013 \u0110\u1ecf. Khi m\u00e1y ch\u1ea1y b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00e1o m\u00e0u xanh, khi x\u1ea3y ra b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e8n v\u00e0ng, khi m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf m\u00e1y c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean thao t\u00e1c quan s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00ed s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, k\u0129 s\u01b0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

Poka-Yoke kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u1ed7i, s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i, s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh nh\u1ea5t th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u1ed7i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u l\u1ed7i ch\u00ednh t\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

Poka-Yoke ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i, s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ed1ng sai l\u1ed7i Poka Yoke gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, khi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t sai s\u00f3t n\u00e0o x\u1ea3y ra, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi li\u00ean quan, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi d\u1eebng ngay h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i sai h\u1ecfng s\u1ebd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Poka-Yoke: C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c sinh ra sai s\u00f3t, Trang tin N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Poka Yoke (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Fool-proofing) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ed1ng sai l\u1ed7i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[416],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27835"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27835"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27835\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27835"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27835"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27835"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}