{"id":27847,"date":"2023-12-07T04:47:02","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T04:47:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/muda-la-gi-cac-loai-lang-phi-theo-dinh-nghia-cua-muda.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T16:56:35","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T09:56:35","slug":"muda-la-gi-cac-loai-lang-phi-theo-dinh-nghia-cua-muda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/muda-la-gi-cac-loai-lang-phi-theo-dinh-nghia-cua-muda.html","title":{"rendered":"Muda l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Muda"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh ho\u1ea1 (Ngu\u1ed3n: process)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Muda<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Muda<\/b> la\u0300 m\u1ecd\u0302t t\u01b0\u0300 ti\u00ea\u0301ng Nh\u1ea1\u0302t co\u0301 nghi\u0303a la\u0300 la\u0303ng phi\u0301, vo\u0302 i\u0301ch, vo\u0302 du\u0323ng, ph\u00ea\u0301 tha\u0309i… la\u0300 m\u1ecd\u0302t kha\u0301i ni\u1eb9\u0302m co\u031b ba\u0309n trong h\u1eb9\u0302 th\u00f4\u0301ng sa\u0309n xu\u00e2\u0301t Toyota.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Toyota \u0111a\u0303 kho\u0302ng ng\u01b0\u0300ng t\u00e2\u0301n co\u0302ng va\u0300o Muda (la\u0303ng phi\u0301) b\u0103\u0300ng ca\u0301ch trao quy\u00ea\u0300n cho ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i lao \u0111\u1ecd\u0302ng \u0111\u00ea\u0309 th\u01b0\u0323c hi\u1eb9\u0302n hoa\u0323t \u0111\u1ecd\u0302ng ca\u0309i ti\u00ea\u0301n, sau \u0111o\u0301 \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c tie\u0302u chu\u00e2\u0309n ho\u0301a va\u0300 chia se\u0309 cho nhau. Gia\u0309m thi\u00ea\u0309u la\u0303ng phi\u0301 la\u0300 ca\u0301ch hi\u1eb9\u0302u qua\u0309 \u0111\u00ea\u0309 ta\u0306ng l\u01a1\u0323i nhu\u1ea1\u0302n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed<\/font><\/h3>\n

Muda \u0111i\u0323nh nghi\u0303a 7 loa\u0323i la\u0303ng phi\u0301 bao g\u00f4\u0300m:<\/p>\n

(1) La\u0303ng phi\u0301 do ch\u01a1\u0300 \u0111\u01a1\u0323i:<\/b> la\u0300 th\u01a1\u0300i gian co\u0302ng nha\u0302n ch\u01a1\u0300 ba\u0301n tha\u0300nh ph\u00e2\u0309m t\u01b0\u0300 m\u1ecd\u0302t qua\u0301 tri\u0300nh kha\u0301c hay ma\u0301y mo\u0301c, thi\u00ea\u0301t bi\u0323 \u0111\u01a1\u0323i nguye\u0302n v\u1ea1\u0302t li\u1eb9\u0302u khi ba\u0300n giao chuy\u00ea\u0309n ca…;<\/p>\n

(2) La\u0303ng phi\u0301 do sai l\u1ed7i<\/span>:<\/b> sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m l\u1ed7i<\/span> pha\u0309i s\u01b0\u0309a ch\u01b0\u0303a, kh\u0103\u0301c phu\u0323c (vi\u0301 du\u0323 nh\u1ea1\u0302p sai d\u01b0\u0303 li\u1eb9\u0302u, tho\u0302ng tin, ki\u00ea\u0309m soa\u0301t qua\u0301 tri\u0300nh ke\u0301m, chu\u031bo\u031bng tri\u0300nh sai so\u0301t, nh\u00e2\u0300m l\u00e2\u0303n, tho\u0302ng tin kho\u0302ng chi\u0301nh xa\u0301c…);<\/p>\n

(3) La\u0303ng phi\u0301 trong v\u1ea1\u0302n chuy\u00ea\u0309n: <\/b>m\u1ed7i khi m\u1ecd\u0302t sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c v\u1ea1\u0302n chuy\u00ea\u0309n, vi\u0301 du\u0323 v\u1ea1\u0302n chuy\u00ea\u0309n nguye\u0302n li\u1eb9\u0302u t\u01b0\u0300 kho t\u01a1\u0301i pha\u0302n xu\u031b\u01a1\u0309ng sa\u0309n xu\u00e2\u0301t hay gi\u01b0\u0303a ca\u0301c co\u0302ng \u0111oa\u0323n v\u01a1\u0301i nhau, \u0111\u00ea\u0300u co\u0301 nguy co\u031b xa\u0309y ra nhu\u031b ho\u0309ng ho\u0301c, th\u00e2\u0301t thoa\u0301t, bi\u0323 ch\u1ea1\u0302m tr\u00ea\u0303… Ho\u031bn n\u01b0\u0303a, kha\u0301ch ha\u0300ng kho\u0302ng tra\u0309 ti\u00ea\u0300n cho vi\u1eb9\u0302c na\u0300y;<\/p>\n

(4) La\u0303ng phi\u0301 do t\u00f4\u0300n kho ho\u1ea1\u0306c ba\u0301n tha\u0300nh ph\u00e2\u0309m d\u01a1\u0309 dang trong qua\u0301 tri\u0300nh: <\/b>Ca\u0301c da\u0323ng t\u00f4\u0300n kho co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 la\u0300 nguye\u0302n li\u1eb9\u0302u, ba\u0301n tha\u0300nh ph\u00e2\u0309m (WIP) ho\u1ea1\u0306c la\u0300 ca\u0301c sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m hoa\u0300n thi\u1eb9\u0302n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u00ea\u0300u na\u0300y pha\u0309n a\u0301nh ngu\u00f4\u0300n v\u00f4\u0301n bo\u0309 ra nhu\u031bng chu\u031ba ta\u0323o ra doanh thu, vi\u0300 v\u1ea1\u0302y, t\u00f4\u0300n kho qua\u0301 m\u01b0\u0301c c\u00e2\u0300n thi\u00ea\u0301t se\u0303 ga\u0302y ra la\u0303ng phi\u0301 cho ca\u0309 nha\u0300 sa\u0309n xu\u00e2\u0301t va\u0300 kha\u0301ch ha\u0300ng…);<\/p>\n

(5) La\u0303ng phi\u0301 do x\u01b0\u0309 l\u00ed<\/span> th\u01b0\u0300a: <\/b>Ca\u0301c v\u1ea1\u0302n \u0111\u1ecd\u0302ng ca\u0309 tinh th\u00e2\u0300n va\u0300 th\u00ea\u0309 ch\u00e2\u0301t cu\u0309a ca\u0301 nha\u0302n kho\u0302ng ta\u0323o ra gia\u0301 tri\u0323 (vi\u0301 du\u0323 nhu\u031b vi\u1eb9\u0302c ti\u0300m ki\u00ea\u0301m h\u00f4\u0300 so\u031b\/ta\u0300i li\u1eb9\u0302u hay tho\u0302ng tin tre\u0302n ma\u0301y ti\u0301nh, di chuy\u00ea\u0309n kho\u0302ng c\u00e2\u0300n thi\u00ea\u0301t do ca\u0301ch b\u00f4\u0301 tri\u0301 m\u1ea1\u0306t b\u0103\u0300ng va\u0306n pho\u0300ng\/nha\u0300 xu\u031b\u01a1\u0309ng b\u00e2\u0301t h\u01a1\u0323p l\u00ed<\/span>…).<\/p>\n

Hay th\u01b0\u0323c hi\u1eb9\u0302n nh\u01b0\u0303ng hoa\u0323t \u0111\u1ecd\u0302ng ma\u0300 kha\u0301ch ha\u0300ng kho\u0302ng ye\u0302u c\u00e2\u0300u, kho\u0302ng c\u00e2\u0300n thi\u00ea\u0301t (vi\u0301 du\u0323 cung c\u00e2\u0301p s\u00f4\u0301 li\u1eb9\u0302u, l\u1ea1\u0306p \u0111i l\u1ea1\u0306p la\u0323i thi\u00ea\u0301t k\u00ea\u0301 nhi\u00ea\u0300u bi\u00ea\u0309u m\u00e2\u0303u kha\u0301c nhau v\u01a1\u0301i cu\u0300ng loa\u0323i tho\u0302ng tin, ta\u0300i li\u1eb9\u0302u…);<\/p>\n

(6) La\u0303ng phi\u0301 do sa\u0309n xu\u00e2\u0301t th\u01b0\u0300a:<\/b> la\u0300 sa\u0309n xu\u00e2\u0301t ra nhi\u00ea\u0300u sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m ho\u031bn ye\u0302u c\u00e2\u0300u cu\u0309a kha\u0301ch ha\u0300ng. \u0110i\u00ea\u0300u na\u0300y d\u00e2\u0303n \u0111\u00ea\u0301n ta\u0306ng chi phi\u0301 kha\u0301c nhu\u031b lu\u031bu kho, ba\u0309o qua\u0309n, chi phi\u0301 nha\u0302n co\u0302ng…;<\/p>\n

(7) La\u0303ng phi\u0301 do ca\u0301c c\u01b0\u0309 \u0111\u1ecd\u0302ng th\u01b0\u0300a: <\/b>Co\u0301 nh\u01b0\u0303ng c\u01b0\u0309 \u0111\u1ecd\u0302ng cu\u0309a co\u0302ng nha\u0302n nhu\u031b l\u00e2\u0301y chi ti\u00ea\u0301t le\u0302n, \u0111\u1ea1\u0306t xu\u00f4\u0301ng hay ti\u0300m ki\u00ea\u0301m du\u0323ng cu\u0323, chi ti\u00ea\u0301t… la\u0300 ca\u0301c la\u0303ng phi\u0301 vi\u0300 kho\u0302ng ta\u0323o gia\u0301 tri\u0323 gia ta\u0306ng na\u0300o cho sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m, c\u00e2\u0300n \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c gia\u0309m thi\u00ea\u0309u.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ngoa\u0300i ra, co\u0300n k\u00ea\u0309 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n m\u1ecd\u0302t la\u0303ng phi\u0301 n\u01b0\u0303a \u0111o\u0301 la\u0300 kho\u0302ng s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng h\u00ea\u0301t tri\u0301 o\u0301c, k\u0129<\/span> na\u0306ng, \u0111o\u0301ng go\u0301p cu\u0309a ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i lao \u0111\u1ecd\u0302ng.<\/p>\n

Vi\u0301 du\u0323 nhu\u031b kho\u0302ng l\u0103\u0301ng nghe va\u0300 s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng y\u0301 ki\u00ea\u0301n \u0111o\u0301ng go\u0301p cu\u0309a ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i lao \u0111\u1ecd\u0302ng khi ti\u0300m ki\u00ea\u0301m ca\u0301c gia\u0309i pha\u0301p, thi\u00ea\u0301u co\u031b ch\u00ea\u0301 chia se\u0309 ca\u0301c kinh nghi\u1eb9\u0302m hay b\u00f4\u0301 tri\u0301 lao \u0111\u1ecd\u0302ng kho\u0302ng \u0111u\u0301ng v\u01a1\u0301i k\u0129<\/span> na\u0306ng va\u0300 s\u01a1\u0309 tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng phu\u0300 h\u01a1\u0323p v\u01a1\u0301i co\u0302ng vi\u1eb9\u0302c \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c giao (\u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c go\u0323i la\u0300 la\u0303ng phi\u0301 s\u01b0\u0301c sa\u0301ng ta\u0323o cu\u0309a ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i lao \u0111\u1ecd\u0302ng).<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed Tinh g\u1ecdn, N\u1ed9i dung c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng Lean, NXB H\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1ee9c)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Muda l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed, v\u00f4 \u00edch, v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng, ph\u1ebf th\u1ea3i… l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Toyota.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[416],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27847"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27847"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27847\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27847"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27847"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27847"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}