{"id":28101,"date":"2023-12-07T04:55:38","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T04:55:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/tieu-chuan-iso-140512011-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T17:22:46","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T10:22:46","slug":"tieu-chuan-iso-140512011-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/tieu-chuan-iso-140512011-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 14051:2011 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda (Ngu\u1ed3n: store.pecb)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 14051:2011<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 14051:2011<\/b> hay Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng – K\u1ebf to\u00e1n chi ph\u00ed d\u00f2ng nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u – Khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 chung<\/b> c\u00f3 t\u00ean ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0: ISO 14051:2011 Environmental management \u2014 Material flow cost accounting \u2014 General framework.<\/b><\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 14051: 2011 <\/b>l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0a ra khung chung cho\u00a0k\u1ebf to\u00e1n chi ph\u00ed d\u00f2ng nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (MFCA).\u00a0<\/p>\n

Theo MFCA, c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong qui tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u1eadt l\u00ed (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1ec3 t\u00edch) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng tin k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n

MFCA c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ecdi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, qui m\u00f4, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u00e0 k\u1ebf to\u00e1n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

MFCA c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c trong chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng, c\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n (upstream) v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n (downstream), do \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c b\u1edfi \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u0129 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a,\u00a0k\u1ebf to\u00e1n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0k\u1ebf to\u00e1n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (EMA)\u00a0t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9. MFCA, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a EMA, c\u0169ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin cho vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m b\u1ed5 sung cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebf to\u00e1n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.\u00a0<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0a chi ph\u00ed b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch MFCA, chi ph\u00ed b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a ISO 14051: 2011. Khung MFCA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong ISO 14051: 2011 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chung, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n chi ti\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a ISO 14051: 2011.\u00a0<\/p>\n

ISO 14051:2011 kh\u00f4ng\u00a0d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y\u00a0ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn\u00a0c\u1ee7a b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: International Organization for Standardization)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 14051:2011 l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0a ra khung chung cho k\u1ebf to\u00e1n chi ph\u00ed d\u00f2ng nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[416],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28101"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28101"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28101\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28101"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28101"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}