{"id":28125,"date":"2023-12-07T04:56:26","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T04:56:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/xu-li-rui-ro-risk-treatment-la-gi-lua-chon-cac-phuong-an-xu-li-rui-ro.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T21:34:48","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T14:34:48","slug":"xu-li-rui-ro-risk-treatment-la-gi-lua-chon-cac-phuong-an-xu-li-rui-ro","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/xu-li-rui-ro-risk-treatment-la-gi-lua-chon-cac-phuong-an-xu-li-rui-ro.html","title":{"rendered":"X\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro (Risk treatment) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda (Ngu\u1ed3n: s4safety)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

X\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

X\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0: Risk treatment.<\/b><\/p>\n

X\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro<\/b> l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n n\u00e0y. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c x\u1eed l\u00ed s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.\u00a0<\/p>\n

X\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh theo chu k\u00ec g\u1ed3m:\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

– \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro;\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ecdng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay kh\u00f4ng;\u00a0<\/p>\n

– N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t x\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro m\u1edbi; v\u00e0\u00a0<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00ed \u0111\u00f3.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb l\u1eabn nhau ho\u1eb7c th\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong m\u1ecdi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

– Tr\u00e1nh r\u1ee7i ro b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t sinh r\u1ee7i ro;\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m t\u0103ng r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ec3 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i;\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ngu\u1ed3n r\u1ee7i ro;\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra;\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3;\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Chia s\u1ebb r\u1ee7i ro v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u b\u00ean kh\u00e1c (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 r\u1ee7i ro);\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf r\u1ee7i ro b\u1eb1ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n

L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00ed nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra.\u00a0<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang l\u1ebb ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p. B\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Khi ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin v\u1edbi h\u1ecd. Khi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ee7i ro \u1edf n\u01a1i n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn trong quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.\u00a0<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 nhau, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 x\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00ean li\u00ean quan ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c x\u1eed l\u00ed kh\u00e1c. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00ed c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c x\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n x\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra r\u1ee7i ro. M\u1ed9t r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro. Theo d\u00f5i c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y.\u00a0<\/p>\n

X\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, x\u1eed l\u00ed, theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t. Nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00ed nh\u01b0 r\u1ee7i ro ban \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng x\u1eed l\u00ed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ee7i ro m\u1edbi. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa hai r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

(1) C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

a. Tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9: D\u00f9ng \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i kh\u00e1c\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh r\u1ee7i ro, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro, c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n, ho\u1eb7c chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

b. Chuy\u1ec3n giao: Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chia s\u1ebb t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i khi ch\u00fang x\u1ea3y ra.\u00a0<\/p>\n

c. Gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9: Th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra r\u1ee7i ro ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c r\u1ee7i ro n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra.\u00a0<\/p>\n

d. Ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn: Ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u201cs\u1ed1ng chung\u201d v\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p chi ph\u00ed lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf, ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh, l\u00e0m nh\u1eb9 r\u1ee7i ro qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn (l\u1edbn h\u01a1n chi ph\u00ed kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i), ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro n\u1ebfu x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0 nh\u1ecf hay c\u1ef1c k\u00ec th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

(2) K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0:\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

– Thu th\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c mua th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i khi r\u1ee7i ro x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro theo ISO 31000, NXB H\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1ee9c)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n X\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Risk treatment) l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n n\u00e0y.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[416],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28125"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28125"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28125\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28125"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28125"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28125"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}