{"id":28590,"date":"2023-12-07T05:15:09","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T05:15:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/dmaic-la-gi-noi-dung-va-y-nghia-cua-qua-trinh-dmaic.html"},"modified":"2023-12-22T21:38:28","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T14:38:28","slug":"dmaic-la-gi-noi-dung-va-y-nghia-cua-qua-trinh-dmaic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/dmaic-la-gi-noi-dung-va-y-nghia-cua-qua-trinh-dmaic.html","title":{"rendered":"DMAIC l\u00e0 g\u00ec? N\u1ed9i dung v\u00e1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh DMAIC"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda. Quora<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

DMAIC<\/font><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/b><\/p>\n

DMAIC<\/b>\u00a0\u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kinh doanh.<\/p>\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh\u00a0DMAIC<\/font><\/h3>\n

– Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed<\/span> 6\u03c3 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn DMAIC (x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh – \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng – ph\u00e2n t\u00edch – c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn – ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t). Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh DMAIC n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u1edf kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y v\u00ec n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 nhau d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, th\u1eddi gian chu k\u00ec<\/span>, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

N\u1ed9i dung qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh DMAIC<\/font><\/h3>\n

(1) X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh – Define (D)<\/b><\/p>\n

– M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy<\/span>\u1ebft, c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00ean t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 then ch\u1ed1t li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

– N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

+ X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5 t\u1eeb ph\u00eda kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu (Critical to Quality).<\/p>\n

+ X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt c\u00e0ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

+ Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ed1c so s\u00e1nh (th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng chung v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u).<\/p>\n

+ T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

(2) \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng – Measure (M)<\/b><\/p>\n

– M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00ean h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng, c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ngu\u1ed3n t\u1ea1o ra dao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

– B\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m:\u00a0<\/p>\n

+ X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu.\u00a0<\/p>\n

+ L\u1eadp c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 qui tr\u00ecnh (process map) li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a qui tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ra.<\/p>\n

+ L\u1eadp danh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

+ Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed1c so s\u00e1nh v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a qui tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

+ X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khu v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra.\u00a0<\/p>\n

+ Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra.<\/p>\n

(3) Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch – Analyze (A)<\/b><\/p>\n

– Trong b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a dao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o l\u1eadp v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng sau \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

– Ch\u00ednh \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kinh doanh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ean th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3:<\/p>\n

+ L\u1eadp gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n g\u00e2y n\u00ean dao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

+ X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

+ Ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111a bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

(4) C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn – Improve (I)<\/b><\/p>\n

– B\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn t\u1eadp trung ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p nh\u1eb1m lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p.\u00a0B\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:\u00a0<\/p>\n

+ X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1eb1m lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c g\u00e2y dao \u0111\u1ed9ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

+ Ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh.\u00a0<\/p>\n

+ Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1.\u00a0<\/p>\n

+ Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp dung sai cho qui<\/span> tr\u00ecnh, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n tr\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u0129<\/span> thu\u1eadt hay y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t qui<\/span> tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu qui<\/span> tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00ean trong c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m hay d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n

– T\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1i l\u1eadp c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a qui<\/span> tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n

(5) Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t – Control (C)<\/b><\/p>\n

– M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a b\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khi c\u1ea7n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

– B\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

+ Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

+ Ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a qui<\/span> tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

+ Tri\u1ec3n khai vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qui<\/span> tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00e1i di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng qui<\/span> tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, NXB \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n DMAIC \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh – \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng – ph\u00e2n t\u00edch – c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn – ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[416],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28590"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28590"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28590\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28590"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28590"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28590"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}