{"id":29601,"date":"2023-12-07T07:44:52","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T07:44:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/phan-quyen-va-uy-quyen-decentralization-and-delegation-trong-nang-luc-lanh-dao.html"},"modified":"2023-12-07T07:44:52","modified_gmt":"2023-12-07T07:44:52","slug":"phan-quyen-va-uy-quyen-decentralization-and-delegation-trong-nang-luc-lanh-dao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/phan-quyen-va-uy-quyen-decentralization-and-delegation-trong-nang-luc-lanh-dao.html","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n (Decentralization and Delegation) trong n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"howtodelegating*1200xx3621-2036-0-682\"<\/div>\n
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda. Ngu\u1ed3n: bizjournals<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0\u00a0decentralization<\/b>, s\u1ef1 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0\u00a0delegation<\/b> ho\u1eb7c authority<\/b>.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n<\/b> l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9 quen thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 n\u00e0o. V\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n giao quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c thi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e0i t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch trao quy\u1ec1n h\u1ee3p l\u00ed cho c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Hai h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Conger & Kanungo (1988) cho r\u1eb1ng trao quy\u1ec1n (empowerment) ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i (intrinsic motivation) l\u00e0m cho c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao.<\/p>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a trao quy\u1ec1n<\/font><\/h3>\n

Trao quy\u1ec1n t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tin t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi, nh\u1edd v\u1eady, c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ebd n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u1ebft m\u00ecnh trong vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 P. Block (1987), Howard (1998), K. W. Thomas & Velthouse (1990) \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a trao quy\u1ec1n:<\/p>\n

– T\u1ea1p ra s\u1ef1 cam k\u1ebft cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi<\/p>\n

– T\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u nhanh v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi<\/p>\n

– T\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n cao khi g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi<\/p>\n

– T\u1ea1o tinh th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi<\/p>\n

– T\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1c quan h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi<\/p>\n

– Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch trao quy\u1ec1n cho c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng trao quy\u1ec1n cho c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u, song t\u1ef1u chung l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00f3m l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh hai l\u00ed do ch\u00ednh l\u00e0: (1) c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 (2) c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o s\u1ee3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd.\u00a0<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n<\/font><\/h3>\n

Ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n<\/b> c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n sau:<\/p>\n

– V\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng, c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t, c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u00ec \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1eebng v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n

– V\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c theo nhi\u1ec7m k\u00ec c\u1ee7a l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00ec th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 theo t\u1eebng v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

– V\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 ba m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft chuy\u1ec3n xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi: (1) \u1ee6y quy\u1ec1n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9, (2) \u1ee6y quy\u1ec1n t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 (3) \u1ee6y quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ba cung b\u1eadc c\u1ee7a \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n, theo tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 n\u00e0y, c\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 sau, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n giao xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi khi th\u1ef1c thi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n<\/font><\/h3>\n

Nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khen ng\u1ee3i n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. Ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n<\/b> c\u0169ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng v\u1ecb th\u1ebf v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. N\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o tin c\u1eady nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00ec h\u1ecd ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Do v\u1eady, ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi, cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p, cho to\u00e0n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho ch\u00ednh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

(Theo Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb kinh doanh, NXB \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Decentralization and Delegation) kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi, cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p, cho to\u00e0n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho ch\u00ednh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[416],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29601"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29601"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29601\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29601"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29601"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29601"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}