{"id":29612,"date":"2023-12-07T07:45:23","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T07:45:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/he-thong-thong-tin-quan-tri-administrative-information-systems-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-23T06:09:58","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T23:09:58","slug":"he-thong-thong-tin-quan-tri-administrative-information-systems-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/he-thong-thong-tin-quan-tri-administrative-information-systems-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb (Administrative Information Systems) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda. Ngu\u1ed3n: The Tambellini Group<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb (Administrative Information Systems)<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0\u00a0Administrative Information Systems<\/b>.<\/p>\n

– H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin<\/b> (HTTT) t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nhau c\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 thu th\u1eadp, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, x\u1eed l\u00ed v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb<\/b> (HTTTQT) l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u1eb1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin<\/font><\/h3>\n

Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/b> l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong HTTT, n\u00f3 v\u1eeba l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n “con ng\u01b0\u1eddi” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m hai nh\u00f3m:<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HTTT ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

– Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean khai th\u00e1c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (k\u0129 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng).<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng<\/b> bao g\u1ed3m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp, x\u1eed l\u00ed, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/b> trong HTTT bao g\u1ed3m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp, x\u1eed l\u00ed, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin. Trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

D\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/b> bao g\u1ed3m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng<\/b> bao g\u1ed3m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb<\/font><\/h3>\n

Thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin<\/b><\/p>\n

HTTT ph\u1ea3i thu nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau. T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng tin. Nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 \u00edch cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n tin h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

X\u1eed l\u00ed th\u00f4ng tin<\/b><\/p>\n

X\u1eed l\u00ed th\u00f4ng tin kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n trung t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a qui tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00ed th\u00f4ng tin kinh t\u1ebf. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 qui tr\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u00f4ng tin, t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n chia th\u00f4ng tin th\u00e0nh nh\u00f3m, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n theo c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau,…<\/p>\n

L\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00ed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea3u vi\u1ec7c truy su\u1ea5t, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm hay \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng tin<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong qui tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a HTTTQT<\/span><\/font>\u00a0v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u1eefng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin<\/font><\/h3>\n

Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/b><\/p>\n

– H\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00ed giao d\u1ecbch TPS (Transaction Processing System)<\/p>\n

– H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed MIS (Management Information System)<\/p>\n

– H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh DSS (Decision Support System)<\/p>\n

– H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ESS (Executive Support System)<\/p>\n

– H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh ISCA (Information System for Competitive Advantage)<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5<\/b><\/p>\n

– HTTTQT<\/span><\/font>\u00a0k\u1ebf to\u00e1n<\/p>\n

– HTTTQT t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh<\/p>\n

– HTTTQT ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c<\/p>\n

– HTTTQT t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n

– HTTTQT s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/p>\n

– HTTTQT quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/p>\n

Chi ph\u00ed cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb<\/font><\/h3>\n

Chi ph\u00ed d\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb<\/b> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m 2 lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/b><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t sinh khi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 tr\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. Chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c:<\/p>\n

– Chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e2n t\u00edch thi\u1ebft k\u1ec3<\/p>\n

– Chi ph\u00ed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n

– Chi ph\u00ed c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, chuy\u1ec3n giao<\/p>\n

– Chi ph\u00ed trang b\u1ecb m\u00e1y m\u00f3c tin h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n

– Chi ph\u00ed trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5<\/p>\n

– Chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 hai, chi ph\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/b><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n chi th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00ec trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Chi ph\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 tr\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng chi ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 tr\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 chi ph\u00ed s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng. Chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c sau:<\/p>\n

– Chi ph\u00ed th\u00f9 lao nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c<\/p>\n

– Chi ph\u00ed th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ph\u1ea9m<\/p>\n

– Chi ph\u00ed ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n

– Chi ph\u00ed truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng<\/p>\n

– Chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa<\/p>\n

– Chi ph\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n

(Theo Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb kinh doanh, NXB \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Administrative Information Systems) l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u1eb1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[416],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29612"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29612"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29612\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29612"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29612"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29612"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}