{"id":29660,"date":"2023-12-07T07:47:08","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T07:47:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/hop-tac-xa-co-operative-la-gi-htx-hoat-dong-theo-nhung-nguyen-tac-nao.html"},"modified":"2023-12-23T06:10:10","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T23:10:10","slug":"hop-tac-xa-co-operative-la-gi-htx-hoat-dong-theo-nhung-nguyen-tac-nao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/hop-tac-xa-co-operative-la-gi-htx-hoat-dong-theo-nhung-nguyen-tac-nao.html","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 (Co-operative) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? HTX ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda. Ngu\u1ed3n: lacooperative<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 (Co-operative)<\/font><\/b><\/h3>\n

H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 <\/b>trong ti\u1ebfng Anh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Co-operative.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Theo Lu\u1eadt H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 2003<\/i>, “H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 (HTX) l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 do c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n (sau \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 x\u00e3 vi\u00ean) c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u, l\u1ee3i \u00edch chung, t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n, g\u00f3p s\u1ee9c l\u1eadp ra \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng x\u00e3 vi\u00ean tham gia h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, c\u00f9ng gi\u00fap nhau th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, tinh th\u1ea7n, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n

H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh\u00a0doanh nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f3 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh trong ph\u1ea1m vi v\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7, v\u1ed1n t\u00edch l\u0169y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 theo qui \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt”.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Theo\u00a0Lu\u1eadt H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 2012,\u00a0<\/i>kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 sau: “H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu, c\u00f3 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n, do \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 07 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ee3 l\u1eabn nhau trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh, t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u chung c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3.<\/p>\n

Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu, c\u00f3 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n, do \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 04 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ee3 l\u1eabn nhau trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u chung c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed<\/span> Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3”.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m “HTX ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p” \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n trong Lu\u1eadt H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 2012, tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng v\u1eabn n\u00ean gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y v\u00ec th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n kinh doanh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 m\u00e0 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5m.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u chung c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c\u00a0doanh nghi\u1ec7p\u00a0\u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7”.\u00a0(Theo Li\u00ean minh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3)<\/i><\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3<\/font><\/h3>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ec3 HTX c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i HTX:<\/p>\n

– Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n<\/i>: m\u1ecdi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh \u0110i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 HTX \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n gia nh\u1eadp h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3.<\/p>\n

– Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc th\u1ee9 hai, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng khai<\/i>: x\u00e3 vi\u00ean c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n tham gia qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed, ki\u1ec3m tra, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t HTX v\u00e0 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ngang nhau trong bi\u1ec3u quy\u1ebft; th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng khai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

– Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc th\u1ee9 ba, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i<\/i>: HTX t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh; t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i thu nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

– Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i<\/i>: sau khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n xong ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 n\u1ed9p thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 trang tr\u1ea3i c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed, l\u00e3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c qu\u0129 c\u1ee7a HTX; m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n chia theo v\u1ed1n g\u00f3p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 vi\u00ean; ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i chia cho x\u00e3 vi\u00ean theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a HTX.<\/p>\n

– Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc th\u1ee9 n\u0103m, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/i>: x\u00e3 vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t huy tinh th\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau trong HTX, trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i; h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c HTX trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc theo qui \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

(Theo Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb Kinh doanh, NXB \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Co-operative) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf, tuy nhi\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[416],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29660"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29660"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29660\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29660"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29660"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29660"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}