{"id":29668,"date":"2023-12-07T07:47:23","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T07:47:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/doanh-nghiep-nha-nuoc-state-owned-enterprise-soe-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-23T06:10:11","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T23:10:11","slug":"doanh-nghiep-nha-nuoc-state-owned-enterprise-soe-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/doanh-nghiep-nha-nuoc-state-owned-enterprise-soe-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc (State-owned enterprise – SOE) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda (Ngu\u1ed3n: PFM blog)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc (State-owned enterprise – SOE)<\/span>
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Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/b> (DNNN) l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf do Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh ho\u1eb7c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng \u00edch, nh\u1eb1m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kinh t\u1ebf – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i do Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc giao t\u1eeb khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3. (Theo Lu\u1eadt doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc 1995)<\/i><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/font><\/b><\/p>\n

– Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0:\u00a0l\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

– S\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u1ed1n:\u00a0Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1edf h\u1eefu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 (100%) ho\u1eb7c s\u1edf h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n v\u1ed1n g\u00f3p chi ph\u1ed1i (tr\u00ean 50% nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 100% v\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7).<\/p>\n

– H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i:\u00a0DNNN c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu DNNN do nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1edf h\u1eefu 100% v\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 th\u00ec c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0: c\u00f4ng ty nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f4ng ty tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, c\u00f4ng ty tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 hai th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean tr\u1edf l\u00ean. N\u1ebfu doanh nghi\u1ec7p do nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ean 50% v\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i\u00a0h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p sau: c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n, c\u00f4ng ty tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n:\u00a0DNNN ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trong ph\u1ea1m vi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n trong ph\u1ea1m vi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n v\u00e0o doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

– T\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1p l\u00fd:\u00a0DNNN c\u00f3 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

– Lu\u1eadt \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng: c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n, c\u00f4ng ty tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n s\u1ebd t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo\u00a0lu\u1eadt doanh nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo lu\u1eadt doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/font><\/h3>\n

1. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c<\/b>,\u00a0theo lu\u1eadt Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc 2003<\/i>, DNNN \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh 6 lo\u1ea1i, g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

– C\u00f4ng ty nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/b>\u00a0l\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p do Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1edf h\u1eefu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y. C\u00f4ng ty nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ty nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

– C\u00f4ng ty c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/b>\u00a0l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ef7 quy\u1ec1n g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

– C\u00f4ng ty tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean<\/b>\u00a0l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n do Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1edf h\u1eefu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

– C\u00f4ng ty tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 hai th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean tr\u1edf l\u00ean<\/b>\u00a0l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ef7 quy\u1ec1n g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

– Doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n, v\u1ed1n g\u00f3p chi ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/b>\u00a0l\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c v\u1ed1n g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ebfm tr\u00ean 50% v\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eef quy\u1ec1n chi ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

– Doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/b>\u00a0l\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n v\u1ed1n g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong v\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfm t\u1eeb 50% tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

2. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/b>, DNNN \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh:<\/p>\n

– Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh l\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

– Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng \u00edch l\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, cung \u1ee9ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng theo c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, an ninh. Doanh nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

3. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n v\u1ed1n g\u00f3p trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/b>, DNNN \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh:<\/p>\n

– Doanh nghi\u1ec7p 100% v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1ed1n Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc giao cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 v\u1ed1n ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5p, v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y.<\/p>\n

– Doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n chi ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n chi ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n sau:<\/p>\n

+ C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ebfm tr\u00ean 50% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

+ C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00edt nh\u1ea5t g\u1ea5p hai l\u1ea7n c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

+ C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n chi ph\u1ed1i nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p theo th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn trong \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

4. D\u1ef1a theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed<\/b>, DNNN \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh:<\/p>\n

– Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb:\u00a0h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

– Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb: gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c thu\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

(Theo Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb kinh doanh, NXB Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc (ti\u1ebfng Anh: State-owned enterprise, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 SOE) l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1eabn d\u1eaft m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Trong Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[416],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29668"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29668"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29668\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29668"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29668"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29668"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}