{"id":29768,"date":"2023-12-07T08:39:41","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T08:39:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/thu-nhap-bi-mat-foregone-earnings-trong-dau-tu-la-gi-dac-diem-va-vi-du.html"},"modified":"2023-12-23T06:10:25","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T23:10:25","slug":"thu-nhap-bi-mat-foregone-earnings-trong-dau-tu-la-gi-dac-diem-va-vi-du","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/thu-nhap-bi-mat-foregone-earnings-trong-dau-tu-la-gi-dac-diem-va-vi-du.html","title":{"rendered":"Thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t (Foregone Earnings) trong \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5"},"content":{"rendered":"
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(\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda: Investopedia)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t <\/b>trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Foregone Earnings.<\/b>\u00a0<\/p>\n

Thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t<\/b> th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed, ph\u1ee5 ph\u00ed ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi gian m\u1ea5t \u0111i.<\/p>\n

Thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 chi cho c\u00e1c ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, th\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00ed b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng, ph\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 cho c\u00e1c qu\u0129.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t<\/font><\/h3>\n

Thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t<\/b>, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n hay kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c\u00a0qu\u0129 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7, qu\u0129 giao d\u1ecbch trao \u0111\u1ed5i (ETF)\u00a0v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 g\u1ed9p kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c qu\u0129 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mua v\u00e0 b\u00e1n b\u1edfi\u00a0ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c qu\u0129 ETF l\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng theo d\u00f5i ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0\u00a0S&P 500\u00a0v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u0129 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u00ean nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed7i kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 Thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t<\/font><\/h3>\n

Ph\u00ed b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng\u00a0(Sales charge)<\/b><\/p>\n

Ph\u00ed b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng \u2013 l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i chi ra \u0111\u1ec3 mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu hay b\u1ea5t k\u00ec s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 ph\u00ed n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00ed b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec1n hoa h\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i b\u00f9 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ba v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00ed b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng:<\/p>\n

– Ph\u00ed gia nh\u1eadp\u00a0(Front-end sales charge) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m mua. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu lo\u1ea1i A c\u00f3 ph\u00ed gia nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

– Ph\u00ed r\u00fat v\u1ed1n (Back-end sales charge) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u1ea9n t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00e1n kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu B c\u1ee7a qu\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh ph\u00ed r\u00fat v\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n

– Ph\u00ed b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 ch\u1eadm (Deferred\u00a0sales charge) l\u00e0 ph\u00ed r\u00fat v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong qu\u0129. C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng 0. C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 ch\u1eadm c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 ch\u1eadm d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng do kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o qu\u0129.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n khi giao d\u1ecbch v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi mu\u1ed1n chi\u1ebft kh\u1ea5u v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u\u00a0n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng giao d\u1ecbch\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea5t k\u00ec kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00ed b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf qua b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f4ng ty qu\u0129.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00ed b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng cho c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch th\u00f4ng qua trung gian t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi qu\u0129 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u0129 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7 cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00ed b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5, qu\u0129 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c ClearBridge b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00ed b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m nay, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t n\u0103m c\u1ee7a qu\u0129 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh ph\u00ed b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 6,87%. V\u1edbi ph\u00ed b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn l\u00e0 0,73%, v\u00e0 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch 6,14% th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t<\/b> do ph\u00ed b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eebng (Breakpoint) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ph\u00ed b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ph\u00ed, cho ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n l\u00e3i c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed9ng g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Chi ph\u00ed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u0129 (Fund Operating Costs)<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t<\/b> t\u1eeb ph\u00ed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u0129 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7. Ph\u00ed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u0129 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7 th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m ph\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed, ph\u00ed ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, ph\u00ed giao d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t qu\u0129 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 chi ph\u00ed g\u1ed9p (Gross expense ratio) v\u00e0 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed (Total expense ratio) bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 $10.000 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u0129 t\u00ednh ph\u00ed 0,5%, trong khi qu\u0129 kh\u00e1c t\u00ednh ph\u00ed 2%. C\u1ea3 hai qu\u0129 \u0111\u1ec1u cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o qu\u0129 c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed 2%, l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3n thu nh\u1eadp $200 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o qu\u0129 c\u00f3 ph\u00ed 0,5% th\u00ec b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh ph\u00ed $50.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o qu\u0129 c\u00f3 ph\u00ed 2%, th\u00ec t\u1ed5ng thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n t\u1eeb ph\u00ed qu\u0129 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 $150 .<\/p>\n

Ph\u00ed mua l\u1ea1i\u00a0(Redemption Fees)<\/b><\/p>\n

Ph\u00ed mua l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c qu\u0129 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 giao d\u1ecbch ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty qu\u0129. Khung th\u1eddi gian thanh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 30 \u0111\u1ebfn 365 ng\u00e0y sau l\u1ea7n mua \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n

N\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh ph\u00ed mua l\u1ea1i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

(Theo Investopedia<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Foregone Earnings) th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed, ph\u1ee5 ph\u00ed ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi gian m\u1ea5t \u0111i.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[417],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29768"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29768"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29768\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29768"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29768"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29768"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}