{"id":29876,"date":"2023-12-07T08:45:33","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T08:45:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/nua-phuong-sai-semi-variance-la-gi-cong-thuc-tinh-nua-phuong-sai.html"},"modified":"2023-12-23T06:10:50","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T23:10:50","slug":"nua-phuong-sai-semi-variance-la-gi-cong-thuc-tinh-nua-phuong-sai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/nua-phuong-sai-semi-variance-la-gi-cong-thuc-tinh-nua-phuong-sai.html","title":{"rendered":"N\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai (Semi-variance) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh N\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Hi\u0300nh minh ho\u0323a. Ngu\u00f4\u0300n: Investopedia<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

N\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kha\u0301i ni\u00ea\u0323m<\/b><\/p>\n

N\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng <\/b>sai trong ti\u00ea\u0301ng Anh la\u0300 Semi-variance.<\/b><\/p>\n

N\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai<\/b> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1ee7i ro s\u1ee5t gi\u00e1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho m\u1ed9t danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh N\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n

N\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai<\/b> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c quan s\u00e1t n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. N\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai l\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh c\u00e1c\u00a0\u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n\u00a0b\u00ecnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh.\u00a0<\/p>\n

N\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai l\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai khi ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i l\u1ee3i su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng. \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh n\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai nh\u01b0 sau: \u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n

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\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3:\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0– n l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 quan s\u00e1t d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0– rt l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb quan s\u00e1t th\u1ee9 t.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0– Average l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m N\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n

N\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai<\/b> c\u00f3 n\u00e9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c quan s\u00e1t d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh. N\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1eefu \u00edch trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 v\u00ec n\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh\u00a0r\u1ee7i ro s\u1ee5t gi\u00e1. \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

Trong khi \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai ch\u1ec9 xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. N\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh m\u00e0 danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu.\u00a0 <\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 do n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 trung h\u00f2a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c cao h\u01a1n l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c\u00a0nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 e ng\u1ea1i r\u1ee7i ro, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u th\u00f4ng qua gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u n\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh. \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh N\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai v\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng t\u00ednh\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n

Qui tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng t\u00ednh (nh\u01b0 excel) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n n\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai<\/b> nh\u01b0 sau: \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0– T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u1ed9t A, bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n trong danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0– X\u00f3a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh kh\u1ecfi c\u1ed9t A.<\/p>\n

\u00a0– T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c, gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed c\u1ed9t B, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong c\u1ed9t A tr\u1eeb \u0111i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

\u00a0– T\u1ea1o th\u00eam c\u1ed9t C, b\u1eb1ng b\u00ecnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ee9c ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u1edf c\u1ed9t B, t\u00ednh t\u1ed5ng b\u00ecnh ph\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 chia t\u1ed5ng cho s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh. \u00a0 <\/p>\n

(Theo Investopedia)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n N\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Semi-variance) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1ee7i ro s\u1ee5t gi\u00e1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho m\u1ed9t danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[417],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29876"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29876"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29876\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29876"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29876"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29876"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}