{"id":30678,"date":"2023-12-07T09:42:50","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T09:42:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/tra-thuong-bang-co-phieu-stock-compensation-la-gi-dac-diem-tra-thuong-bang-co-phieu.html"},"modified":"2023-12-23T06:14:03","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T23:14:03","slug":"tra-thuong-bang-co-phieu-stock-compensation-la-gi-dac-diem-tra-thuong-bang-co-phieu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/tra-thuong-bang-co-phieu-stock-compensation-la-gi-dac-diem-tra-thuong-bang-co-phieu.html","title":{"rendered":"Tr\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu (Stock Compensation) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m Tr\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Hi\u0300nh minh ho\u0323a. Ngu\u00f4\u0300n: Employeestockoptions.com<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Tr\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kha\u0301i ni\u00ea\u0323m<\/b><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eb1ng\u00a0c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu<\/b> trong ti\u00ea\u0301ng Anh la\u0300 Stock Compensation.<\/b><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eb1ng\u00a0c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu<\/b> l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00f3.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn mua c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n giao v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean khi h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ty ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh n\u1eefa hay kh\u00f4ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Do h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 thu\u1ebf ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o\u00a0<\/i>gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u00ed\u00a0(FMV) c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu, n\u1ebfu c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu b\u1ecb t\u00ednh thu\u1ebf kh\u1ea5u tr\u1eeb t\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n, ti\u1ec1n thu\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t cho d\u00f9 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng kho\u1ea3n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ed1n ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu. \u00a0\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m
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Tr\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eb1ng\u00a0c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu<\/b> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp do h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 c\u1ea1nh tranh cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c tr\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eb1ng\u00a0c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu.\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 \u1ee7y th\u00e1c, x\u1eed l\u00ed thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 kh\u1ea5u tr\u1eeb thu\u1ebf, \u0111\u0103ng k\u00ed ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i chi ph\u00ed. \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

Khi trao quy\u1ec1n, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty cho ph\u00e9p nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean mua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trao quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c theo l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00ec h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng, h\u00e0ng qu\u00ed ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0ng n\u0103m.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1eddi gian hay c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty hay c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng, ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi gian trao quy\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 sau ba \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed1n n\u0103m, c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb sau ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u1eadn tr\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao quy\u1ec1n, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn mua c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1o h\u1ea1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eb1ng\u00a0c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao quy\u1ec1n mua 2.000 c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 20$ m\u1ed7i c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu. C\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao 30% m\u1ed7i n\u0103m trong ba n\u0103m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n 5 n\u0103m.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 20$ m\u1ed7i c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu khi mua c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu cho d\u00f9 gi\u00e1 c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m mua thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong th\u1eddi gian n\u0103m n\u0103m. \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

Quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean<\/font><\/h3>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eb1ng\u00a0c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu<\/b> kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (NSO) v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 (ISO)<\/i>.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 (ISO) ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean, c\u00f2n ban gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c hay c\u00e1c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n vi\u00ean \u2013 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng – kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0y.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 (ISO) th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 thu\u1ebf.\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n

– V\u1edbi c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (NSO), nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u00e1o c\u00e1o khi h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn hay khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn. \u00a0<\/p>\n

– Quy\u1ec1n t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu (SAR) cho ph\u00e9p gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh to\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu Phantom tr\u1ea3 kho\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc.\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n

– K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch mua c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean (ESPP) cho ph\u00e9p nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean mua c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 chi\u1ebft kh\u1ea5u.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– C\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf giao d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf giao d\u1ecbch (RSU) cho ph\u00e9p nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean nh\u1eadn c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng qua h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c giao d\u1ecbch ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ec1 ra.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n

Trao quy\u1ec1n Tr\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu
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Vi\u1ec7c trao quy\u1ec1n (vesting) khi c\u00f4ng ty tr\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eb1ng\u00a0c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu<\/b> cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0i n\u0103m hay theo b\u1ea5t k\u00ec th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.\u00a0<\/p>\n

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Hi\u0300nh minh ho\u0323a. Ngu\u00f4\u0300n: Double-entry-bookkeeping.com<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

H\u00ecnh tr\u00ean m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n giao quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty sang nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

RSU c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nh\u01b0ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0o khi s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 quy\u1ec1n b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i.\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n

C\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ed1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao quy\u1ec1n n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 thu nh\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu (EPS),\u00a0l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn tr\u00ean v\u1ed1n ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu\u00a0(ROE) hay t\u1ed5ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n cho c\u00e1c c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n

Quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t, trao \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu \u0111ang s\u1edf h\u1eefu th\u00f4ng qua nh\u00e0 m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n trong c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch b\u00e1n c\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y<\/i> ho\u1eb7c khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n giao d\u1ecbch b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 mua l\u1ea1i<\/i> (sell-to-cover transaction).\u00a0<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c hai trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean.\u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch b\u00e1n c\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y hay b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 mua l\u1ea1i.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n

(Theo Investopedia<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Tr\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Stock Compensation) l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00f3.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[417],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30678"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30678"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30678\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30678"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30678"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30678"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}