{"id":3139,"date":"2023-11-30T02:35:56","date_gmt":"2023-11-30T02:35:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/?p=3139"},"modified":"2023-12-14T13:38:26","modified_gmt":"2023-12-14T13:38:26","slug":"phuong-phap-loi-ich-fmea","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/phuong-phap-loi-ich-fmea.html","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p & L\u1ee3i \u00edch FMEA"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p FMEA l\u00e0 g\u00ec ?<\/strong><\/p>\n

FMEA\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t\u00a0c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u00a0to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i s\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba.<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00ec kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a, nh\u1eefng x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1eaft khe v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh. Nh\u1eefng x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 hay m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t sai s\u00f3t ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee5 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, b\u1ecb phi\u1ec1n ph\u1ee9c, b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng th\u1eed th\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 :<\/p>\n

\u2022 Vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i ?
\n\u2022 Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec ?
\n\u2022 Nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ra sao ?
\n\u2022 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ?
\n\u2022 N\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n hay gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5. Nh\u01b0ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00ec l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00ean c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec, khi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u00edt khi n\u00e0o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c sinh ra nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh th\u00eam \u0111\u1ed9 nguy k\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ebfp th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng k\u00fd t\u1ef1 FMEA, PFMEA, FMECA, AMDE, AMDEC \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ea3 t\u00edn.<\/p>\n

FMEA<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1eb9, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng con, m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u1ee5c d\u1ecbch, m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hay m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Sau \u0111\u00e2y, tr\u1eeb khi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng<\/p>\n

\u2022 T\u1eeb \u201ch\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 chung nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00f3,
\n\u2022 T\u1eeb \u201cth\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 chung m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng con, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 hay m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t\u00a0\u00a0v\u00e0 c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 chung nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf m\u1ed9t kh\u00e2u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

2. L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p FMEA<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f3a \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o FMEA<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00fap nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch :
\n\u2022 Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nguy k\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i,
\n\u2022 \u0110\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng sinh th\u00eam sai s\u00f3t ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c,
\n\u2022 Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh ra sai s\u00f3t ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed ch\u00fang hay, \u00edt ra, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang,
\n\u2022 Khai tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed \u0111i,
\n\u2022 Theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng \u1edf kh\u00e2u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf,
\n\u2022 Bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng.
\nNgo\u00e0i ra, FMEA c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00fap x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ea3 t\u00edn c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1edd :
\n\u2022 Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean quen nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1edbm, \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1edbm, nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c sinh ra sai s\u00f3t ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng.
\n\u2022 Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean quen x\u1ebfp lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ecdi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p,
\n\u2022 Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean quen suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3.
\n\u2022 Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed sinh ra t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00f3.
\n\u2022 Gia t\u0103ng kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 \u00a0ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong>\u00a0v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea3m r\u1ee7i ro.
\n\u2022 T\u00edch l\u0169y th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 gia t\u0103ng nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p.
\n\u2022 T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba.
\n\u2022 T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 khai tri\u1ec3n k\u1ef9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p FMEA l\u00e0 g\u00ec ? FMEA\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t\u00a0c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u00a0to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i s\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba. V\u00ec kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a, nh\u1eefng x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[193],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3139"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3139"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3139\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3139"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3139"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3139"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}