{"id":31843,"date":"2023-12-07T12:54:48","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T12:54:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/khai-bao-sai-misrepresentation-la-gi-phan-loai-va-vi-du.html"},"modified":"2023-12-23T09:39:44","modified_gmt":"2023-12-23T02:39:44","slug":"khai-bao-sai-misrepresentation-la-gi-phan-loai-va-vi-du","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/khai-bao-sai-misrepresentation-la-gi-phan-loai-va-vi-du.html","title":{"rendered":"Khai b\u00e1o sai (Misrepresentation) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda. Ngu\u1ed3n: www.propertycasualty360.com<\/i><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Khai b\u00e1o sai<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Khai b\u00e1o sai<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Misrepresentation<\/b>.<\/p>\n

Khai b\u00e1o sai<\/b> l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o sai s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt do m\u1ed9t b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u00ean kia trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c khai b\u00e1o sai b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, b\u00ean b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. Trong m\u1ed9t tranh ch\u1ea5p h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, b\u00ean khai b\u00e1o sai l\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n, v\u00e0 b\u00ean b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi h\u00e0nh vi khai b\u00e1o sai l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/font><\/h3>\n

Khai b\u00e1o sai ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c, kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c \u00fd ki\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. C\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i khai b\u00e1o sai:<\/p>\n

V\u00f4 \u00fd khai b\u00e1o sai (Innocent misrepresentation)<\/b> l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 sai s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u00ed h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 sai s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt. Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

Lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 khai b\u00e1o sai do c\u1ea9u th\u1ea3 (negligent misrepresentation)<\/b>, m\u1ed9t tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi khai b\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng x\u00e1c minh th\u00f4n tin l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y vi ph\u1ea1m \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n “ch\u0103m s\u00f3c h\u1ee3p l\u00ed” (reasonable care) m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tham gia th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn. Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c cho s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u1ea9n l\u00e0 h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 khai b\u00e1o gian l\u1eadn (fraudulent misrepresentation)<\/b>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 sai nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh khai b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c k\u00ed h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. B\u00ean b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i s\u1ebd t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/font><\/h3>\n

Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u1ee7y th\u00e1c, vi\u1ec7c khai b\u00e1o sai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7y th\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt m\u00e0 h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft. Ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng s\u1eeda m\u1ed9t khai b\u00e1o sai tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 khai b\u00e1o sai.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 khai b\u00e1o sai l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch vi ph\u1ea1m h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 qui m\u00f4 n\u00e0o. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe h\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai b\u00e1o sai s\u1ed1 d\u1eb7m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh mua xe c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfc xe c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 hao m\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi khai b\u00e1o, anh ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n ki\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c khai b\u00e1o sai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f2i n\u1ee3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho vay (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng). Khai b\u00e1o sai c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn mua b\u00e1n v\u00e0 s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp (M&A), trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1.<\/p>\n

(Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o: Investopedia<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Khai b\u00e1o sai (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Misrepresentation) l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o sai s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt do m\u1ed9t b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u00ean kia trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[418],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31843"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31843"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31843\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31843"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31843"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31843"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}