{"id":31875,"date":"2023-12-07T12:56:31","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T12:56:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/kim-loai-co-ban-base-metals-la-gi-uu-va-nhuoc-diem.html"},"modified":"2023-12-23T09:39:46","modified_gmt":"2023-12-23T02:39:46","slug":"kim-loai-co-ban-base-metals-la-gi-uu-va-nhuoc-diem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/kim-loai-co-ban-base-metals-la-gi-uu-va-nhuoc-diem.html","title":{"rendered":"Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n (Base Metals) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u01afu v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n
<\/div>
\n

(H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda: MCX Mela)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n <\/b>trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Base Metals<\/b>.<\/p>\n

Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/b> hay kim lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/b> l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, b\u1ecb x\u1ec9n m\u00e0u, oxy h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nhanh khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/font><\/h3>\n

Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/b> bao g\u1ed3m ch\u00ec, \u0111\u1ed3ng, niken v\u00e0 k\u1ebdm. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi d\u1ec5 khai th\u00e1c h\u01a1n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u0169ng \u00edt t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i qu\u00ed nh\u01b0u v\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch kim.<\/p>\n

D\u00f9 r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 khai th\u00e1c h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i qu\u00ed, nh\u01b0ng kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00ec t\u00ednh ti\u1ec7n \u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng (copper), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf” ho\u1eb7c “ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0111\u1ed3ng”.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4i khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u cho t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. N\u1ebfu nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean, th\u00ec n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1ea3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf \u0111ang ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 x\u00e2y nh\u00e0.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/font><\/h3>\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/b> l\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n. Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ngang b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i qu\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p>\n

H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh duy nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, niken (nickel) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9. K\u1ebdm (zinc) \u1edf trong th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n. \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf La M\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ec (lead) cho nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, l\u00f3t b\u1ed3n t\u1eafm, hay d\u00f9ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u0129 ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 s\u01a1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/font><\/h3>\n

Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/b> c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 kim lo\u1ea1i qu\u00ed. Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kho ch\u1ee9a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.\u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ch\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 \u00edt h\u01a1n 1 USD m\u1ed7i pound v\u00e0o n\u0103m nay. Ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n 50 pound ch\u00ec tr\u1edf l\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ea1p h\u00f3a t\u1ea1i c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c th\u1ebf. Trong khi ti\u1ec1n xu b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1960, M\u1ef9 v\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1n xu b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1c.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3. B\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u1ec9n m\u00e0u, kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 k\u00e9m b\u1ec1n h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng xu b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1edf M\u1ef9 ch\u1ec9 sau v\u00e0i th\u1eadp k\u1ec9. Ch\u00fang b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nhanh b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m k\u1ebdm kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0ng t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed1t. Gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n do s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Khi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3m, gi\u00e1 kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/font><\/h3>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u00e0n giao d\u1ecbch tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng giao d\u1ecbch kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/b>, nh\u01b0ng trung t\u00e2m giao d\u1ecbch qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1eabn l\u00e0 S\u00e0n giao d\u1ecbch kim lo\u1ea1i London (CME). T\u1ea1i M\u1ef9, S\u00e0n giao d\u1ecbch Chicago Mercantile (CME) cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

CME cho bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. H\u1ecd cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ea1nh tranh chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro gi\u00e1 cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean S\u00e0n giao d\u1ecbch kim lo\u1ea1i London.\u00a0<\/p>\n

(Theo Investopedia<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n hay kim lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, b\u1ecb x\u1ec9n m\u00e0u, oxy h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nhanh khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[418],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31875"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31875"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31875\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31875"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31875"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31875"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}