{"id":32050,"date":"2023-12-07T13:06:18","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T13:06:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/thue-tobin-tobin-tax-la-gi-cach-thuc-ap-dung-thue-tobin.html"},"modified":"2023-12-23T09:40:39","modified_gmt":"2023-12-23T02:40:39","slug":"thue-tobin-tobin-tax-la-gi-cach-thuc-ap-dung-thue-tobin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/thue-tobin-tobin-tax-la-gi-cach-thuc-ap-dung-thue-tobin.html","title":{"rendered":"Thu\u1ebf Tobin (Tobin Tax) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ebf Tobin"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda (Ngu\u1ed3n: meteofinanza.com)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Thu\u1ebf Tobin (Tobin Tax)<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Thu\u1ebf Tobin<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Tobin Tax.<\/b><\/p>\n

Thu\u1ebf Tobin<\/i> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 nh\u1eb1m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9 gi\u00e1 h\u1ed1i \u0111o\u00e1i do h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 g\u00e2y ra. Thu\u1ebf Tobin<\/i> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia \u1edf l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a thu\u1ebf Tobin<\/b><\/p>\n

Thu\u1ebf Tobin<\/i> xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Bretton Woods (giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1944 – 1971). H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Bretton Woods qui \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c t\u1ec9 gi\u00e1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng USD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u1edbi v\u00e0ng (1 ounce v\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng 35 USD) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, tr\u1eeb M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 duy tr\u00ec t\u1ec9 gi\u00e1<\/span> h\u1ed1i \u0111o\u00e1i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi USD.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Khi M\u1ef9 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb USD th\u00e0nh v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Bretton Woods, m\u1edf ra giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e0 t\u1ec9 gi\u00e1<\/span> h\u1ed1i \u0111o\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i (n\u0103m 1973), bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng theo qui lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

Thu\u1ebf Tobin<\/i>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1edfi James Tobin v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1972 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ean. Thu\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 \u1ee6y ban ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ebf Tobin\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n

Thu\u1ebf giao d\u1ecbch ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n di chuy\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3n l\u1eddi cao trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n. Thu\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi tr\u1ea3 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh thu l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

Theo Tobin, \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u00ec m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ebf nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd quy\u00ean g\u00f3p cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Tobin \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 thu\u1ebf l\u00e0 0,5%, tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 0,1% \u0111\u1ebfn 1%. Nh\u01b0ng ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 th\u1ea5p \u0111i ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa, m\u1ecdi giao d\u1ecbch t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ebf n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i doanh thu \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng t\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p thu\u1ebf Tobin<\/i> \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb sai l\u1ec7ch trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m qua b\u1edfi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u00f3. \u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t thu\u1ebf Tobin<\/i> ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi giao d\u1ecbch ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng v\u1ed1n qua bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1n qua l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia hi\u1ec7n nay \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ebf Tobin<\/b> nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o thu nh\u1eadp cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: investopedia.com)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Thu\u1ebf Tobin (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Tobin Tax) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 nh\u1eb1m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9 gi\u00e1 h\u1ed1i \u0111o\u00e1i do h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 g\u00e2y ra.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[418],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32050"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32050"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32050\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32050"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32050"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32050"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}