{"id":3305,"date":"2023-11-29T11:28:38","date_gmt":"2023-11-29T11:28:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/?p=3305"},"modified":"2023-12-14T13:55:46","modified_gmt":"2023-12-14T13:55:46","slug":"phan-tich-cay-van-de-cay-giai-phap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/phan-tich-cay-van-de-cay-giai-phap.html","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 &#8211; c\u00e2y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>M\u1ed9t c\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch g\u1eafn k\u1ebft c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (Community Engagement) ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0nh vi v\u00ec n\u00f3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra trong \u0111\u00f3. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. M\u1ed9t c\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft ra c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n trong h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 : thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, thi\u1ebfu ti\u1ec1n &#8230;). Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c c\u00e2u ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c th\u00e0nh c\u00e2u t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p. M\u1ed9t c\u00e2y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p) &#8211; m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n &#8211; \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/li>\n<li>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/li>\n<li>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng can thi\u1ec7t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1ed5 sung<\/li>\n<li>Cung c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u1ed9t c\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o trong Ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng(Community-Based Social Marketing &#8211; CBSM).<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1\/ c\u00e2y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. M\u1ed9t c\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e1nh (nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n &amp; \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ) d\u1eabn t\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c can thi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c can thi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"_huong-dan-thuc-hien-0\">H\u01af\u1edaNG D\u1eaaN TH\u1ef0C HI\u1ec6N<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed9t c\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u00ean li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3) c\u0169ng b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"_yeu-cau-can-co--1\">Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 :<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p &#8211; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, nh\u00f3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1c<\/li>\n<li>L\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 trong n\u1eeda ng\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c d\u00e0i h\u01a1n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ean li\u00ean quan<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y l\u1edbn<\/li>\n<li>Gi\u1ea5y ghi ch\u00fa ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 DoView ho\u1eb7c MS Visio&#8230;<\/li>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng MS Word\/ Excel<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"_buoc-1-xac-dinh-van-de-cot-loi-2\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/h3>\n<p>B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1ng gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan. C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00ean c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u01b0\u1edbc trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh) m\u00e0 h\u1ecd t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 : ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u01b0\u1edbc) s\u1ebd c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean t\u1edd ghi ch\u00fa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i bao g\u1ed3m : b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u0169, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i th\u00ec t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ri\u00eang cho m\u1ed7i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"_buoc-2-xac-dinh-cac-nguyen-nhan-va-anh-huong-3\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia n\u00ean c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. M\u1ed7i tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c. C\u00f3 v\u00e0i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng nhau suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ebd ghi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh gi\u1ea5y. C\u00e1c c\u00e2u n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n l\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp. Ngo\u00e0i ra, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng qua nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00ean tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00eam ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfp theo n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ngang ti\u1ebfp theo cho t\u1edbi khi h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n s\u00e2u xa n\u00e0o n\u1eefa. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n\/ \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 logic h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn t\u1edbi 1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00fang c\u1ea1nh nhau.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t khi th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ngang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n\/ \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00eau ra m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau<\/p>\n<p><strong>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"_buoc-3-xay-dung-cay-giai-phap-4\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e2y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t c\u00e2y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e2y m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00e2u ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 : m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n (tr\u00ean c\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1) nh\u01b0 &#8221; thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft&#8221; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 &#8221; t\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft&#8221;. C\u00e2y m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 cho m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n &#8211; m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch. B\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111i qua c\u00e2y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra xem m\u1ecdi c\u00e2u c\u00f3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o gi\u1eefa ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch hay kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ea3 c\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 c\u00e2y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam c\u00e2u m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e2y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"_buoc-4-lua-chon-can-thiep-uu-tien-5\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn can thi\u1ec7p \u01b0u ti\u00ean<\/h3>\n<p>B\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p. B\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m cho ph\u00e9p nh\u00f3m thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p trong m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean. C\u00e2y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 can thi\u1ec7p ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch can thi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 t\u00e1t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua b\u1edf m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1ed5 sung, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 chi ph\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 khong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1edfi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e2nh gi\u00e1 trong can thi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng can thi\u1ec7p \u01b0u ti\u00ean, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1\/gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. C\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh b\u00ean tr\u00ean tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u1ed9t c\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch g\u1eafn k\u1ebft c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (Community Engagement) ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0nh vi v\u00ec n\u00f3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[161],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3305"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3305"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3305\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3305"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3305"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3305"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}