{"id":33108,"date":"2023-12-08T02:17:53","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T02:17:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/hi-sinh-ton-that-chung-general-average-trong-van-tai-quoc-te-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-23T11:17:43","modified_gmt":"2023-12-23T04:17:43","slug":"hi-sinh-ton-that-chung-general-average-trong-van-tai-quoc-te-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/hi-sinh-ton-that-chung-general-average-trong-van-tai-quoc-te-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"Hi sinh t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t chung (General Average) trong v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Hi sinh t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t chung (General Average) (Ngu\u1ed3n: Trade Risk Guaranty)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Hi sinh t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t chung (General Average)<\/font><\/h2>\n

Hi sinh t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t chung<\/b> \u2013 danh t\u1eeb, trong ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng b\u1edfi c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb General Average.<\/p>\n

Hi sinh t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t chung <\/i>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ee7i ro trong b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i bi\u1ec3n, l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c hi sinh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a. Hi sinh t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t chung <\/i>bao g\u1ed3m v\u1ee9t h\u00e0ng xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n (Jettison) <\/i> v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng b\u1ecb s\u00f3ng cu\u1ed1n xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n (Washing Overboard)<\/i>. (Theo Business Dictionary<\/i>)<\/p>\n

V\u1ee9t h\u00e0ng xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n (Jettison)<\/font><\/h3>\n

V\u1ee9t h\u00e0ng xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e9m h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eb9 t\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee9u t\u00e0u khi g\u1eb7p n\u1ea1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi sinh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n khi t\u00e0u g\u1eb7p nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n t\u00e0u hay ph\u1ea7n h\u00e0ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c v\u1ee9t h\u00e0ng v\u00ec l\u00ed do ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u00ec b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00ed c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 t\u00e0u nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee9u t\u00e0u v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1ee9t h\u00e0ng xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n v\u00ec t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, do h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ecb th\u1ed1i r\u1eefa n\u00ean v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

Khi t\u00e0u g\u1eb7p n\u1ea1n, th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a b\u1ecb v\u1ee9t xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng x\u1ebfp tr\u00ean boong, sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng trong h\u1ea7m t\u00e0u. N\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a x\u1ebfp tr\u00ean boong \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m ri\u00eang tr\u00ean h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m b\u1ed3 th\u01b0\u1eddng. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qui \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1ee7 t\u00e0u ph\u1ea3i thanh to\u00e1n t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 v\u1ee9t h\u00e0ng xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

H\u00e0ng b\u1ecb s\u00f3ng cu\u1ed1n xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n (Wasing Overboard)<\/font><\/h3>\n

H\u00e0ng b\u1ecb s\u00f3ng cu\u1ed1n xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ee7i ro b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd x\u1ea3y ra ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n do b\u00e3o ho\u1eb7c do s\u00f3ng l\u1edbn\u2026 H\u00e0ng h\u00f3a b\u1ecb s\u00f3ng cu\u1ed1n xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp tr\u00ean boong t\u00e0u, do \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m tr\u00ean h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ch\u1ee7 t\u00e0u x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n qui \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 t\u00e0u ph\u1ea3i thanh to\u00e1n t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1ng xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n. N\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng x\u1ebfp theo th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn ri\u00eang gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee7 t\u00e0u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng th\u00ec tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 t\u00e0u s\u1ebd t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n. (Theo Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh V\u1eadn t\u1ea3i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 B\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, NXB V\u0103n h\u00f3a S\u00e0i G\u00f2n<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Hi sinh t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t chung (ti\u1ebfng Anh: General Average) l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi sinh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[418],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33108"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33108"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33108\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33108"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33108"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33108"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}