{"id":33386,"date":"2023-12-08T02:28:26","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T02:28:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/chuoi-gia-tri-toan-cau-global-value-chain-la-gi-tam-quan-trong-doi-voi-xa-hoi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-23T11:28:31","modified_gmt":"2023-12-23T04:28:31","slug":"chuoi-gia-tri-toan-cau-global-value-chain-la-gi-tam-quan-trong-doi-voi-xa-hoi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/chuoi-gia-tri-toan-cau-global-value-chain-la-gi-tam-quan-trong-doi-voi-xa-hoi.html","title":{"rendered":"Chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (Global Value Chain) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n
<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Global value chain<\/b>.\u00a0<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Michael Porter, n\u0103m 2002 hai nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 Raphael Kaplinsky v\u00e0 Mike Morris \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m:<\/p>\n

“Chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/b> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tham gia, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng”.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n

Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/b> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o c\u00f3 tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tham gia v\u00e0o chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n tham gia ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao h\u01a1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba l\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c, qu\u1ed1c gia.\u00a0<\/p>\n

VD: M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o h\u00e0ng hi\u1ec7u ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u1edf trung t\u00e2m th\u1eddi trang th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Paris, v\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ph\u1ee5 li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 may \u0111o \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u nh\u1eb1m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i doanh nghi\u1ec7p trong t\u1eebng c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u\u00a0<\/font><\/h3>\n

Chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/b> c\u00f3 hai d\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u00e0i.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ng\u1eafn<\/i> th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p khai kho\u00e1ng, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u00f4 th\u00f4ng qua khai th\u00e1c – s\u01a1 ch\u1ebf – th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i – ti\u00eau th\u1ee5.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u00e0i<\/i> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng t\u1eeb kh\u00e2u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, marketing,.. m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh ra c\u00e1c kh\u00e2u c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn s\u00e2u, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao,… th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb c\u00e1c kh\u00e2u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n – v\u1ec7 tinh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o – s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p – marketing – ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i – ti\u00eau th\u1ee5.\u00a0<\/p>\n

H\u00e0m \u00fd c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/font><\/font><\/h3>\n

Chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/b> c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. Chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u bao qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng gian, ph\u00e2n chia v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng cao, khi\u1ebfn cho kh\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.\u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m kinh t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00fap d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o xem ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o qua th\u1eddi gian.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf \u1edf m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u1eadp ph\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eadp trung ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf b\u1ec1n b\u1eefng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec1u thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c, c\u1ea3 \u1edf trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 hay tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, trong c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i m\u00e0 h\u1ecd tham gia ho\u1eb7c hi v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd tham gia.\u00a0<\/p>\n

(Theo Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh Kinh doanh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, NXB \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Global Value Chain) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 trong \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[418],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33386"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33386"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33386\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33386"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33386"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33386"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}