{"id":33679,"date":"2023-12-08T02:40:04","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T02:40:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/to-chuc-thuong-mai-the-gioi-world-trade-organization-wto-va-cac-tac-dong-den-thuong-mai-quoc-te.html"},"modified":"2023-12-23T12:50:39","modified_gmt":"2023-12-23T05:50:39","slug":"to-chuc-thuong-mai-the-gioi-world-trade-organization-wto-va-cac-tac-dong-den-thuong-mai-quoc-te","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/to-chuc-thuong-mai-the-gioi-world-trade-organization-wto-va-cac-tac-dong-den-thuong-mai-quoc-te.html","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (World Trade Organization – WTO) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda. Ngu\u1ed3n: economictimes.indiatimes.com<\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi <\/b>trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 World Trade Organization<\/b>, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 WTO.<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi <\/i>(WTO) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1995, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia. N\u00f3 thay th\u1ebf Th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn chung v\u1ec1 Thu\u1ebf quan v\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i\u00a0n\u0103m 1947.<\/p>\n

WTO d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ed k\u1ebft b\u1edfi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a WTO l\u00e0 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m nay, WTO c\u00f3 164 qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, trong \u0111\u00f3 Liberia v\u00e0 Afghanistan l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e3 tham gia v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7 .<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a WTO<\/b><\/p>\n

WTO v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i thay th\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia. WTO cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a WTO l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c giao ti\u1ebfp li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5, WTO \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Do \u0111\u00f3, WTO c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i\u00a0c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

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Sau khi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ra, WTO s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 tranh ch\u1ea5p trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a WTO \u0111\u1ec1u bao g\u1ed3m qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, theo \u0111\u00f3 WTO s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft xung \u0111\u1ed9t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch\u00a0trung l\u1eadp v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

S\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n, h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh WTO l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. C\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc ph\u00e1p l\u00ed n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 WTO gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c qui \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 khi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. C\u00e1c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn n\u00e0y b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, nh\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a WTO<\/font><\/h2>\n

Xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh l\u1eabn nhau, v\u00e0 WTO \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a. C\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a WTO \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

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Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 WTO, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111a qu\u1ed1c gia tin r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho kinh doanh v\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 k\u00edch th\u00edch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m tranh ch\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u00e0i nghi tin r\u1eb1ng WTO l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

(Theo investopedia.com<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (ti\u1ebfng Anh: World Trade Organization, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft: WTO) l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1 ra v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng qui t\u1eafc th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u1edbi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh nh\u1eb1m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[418],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33679"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33679"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33679\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":67665,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33679\/revisions\/67665"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33679"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33679"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33679"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}