{"id":33852,"date":"2023-12-08T02:46:50","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T02:46:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/lien-doanh-joint-venture-la-gi-uu-diem-va-nhuoc-diem.html"},"modified":"2023-12-23T12:51:19","modified_gmt":"2023-12-23T05:51:19","slug":"lien-doanh-joint-venture-la-gi-uu-diem-va-nhuoc-diem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/lien-doanh-joint-venture-la-gi-uu-diem-va-nhuoc-diem.html","title":{"rendered":"Li\u00ean doanh (Joint Venture) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda. Ngu\u1ed3n: Lindblad Expeditions<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Li\u00ean doanh\u00a0<\/font><\/h2>\n

Li\u00ean doanh<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Joint Venture<\/b>.<\/p>\n

Li\u00ean doanh<\/b> l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh. M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu b\u1edfi \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kinh doanh chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty li\u00ean doanh.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c li\u00ean doanh<\/font><\/h3>\n
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda. Ngu\u1ed3n: Pearson Education<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

– Li\u00ean doanh h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc (Forward integration joint venture): h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y li\u00ean doanh n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c b\u00ean th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u00f9ng nhau trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh thu\u1ed9c m\u1ea3ng xu\u00f4i d\u00f2ng – c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfn d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh hay ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn tay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

– Li\u00ean doanh h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp ph\u00eda sau (Backward integration joint venture): l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c li\u00ean hoanh trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh thu\u1ed9c m\u1ea3ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng – c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfn d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 ban \u0111\u1ea7u.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Li\u00ean doanh mua l\u1ea1i (Buyback joint venture) l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c li\u00ean doanh trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c\/v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn b\u1edfi t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c trong li\u00ean doanh.\u00a0<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t li\u00ean doanh mua l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp khi m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t qui m\u00f4 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t qui m\u00f4, trong khi kh\u00f4ng b\u00ean n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch li\u00ean doanh, c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho nh\u01b0 c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf qui m\u00f4 mang l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

– Li\u00ean doanh \u0111a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n (Multistage joint venture) l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c li\u00ean doanh trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp m\u1ea3ng xu\u00f4i d\u00f2ng (downstream) trong khi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c kia h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp trong m\u1ea3ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng (upstream). V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng th\u1ec3 thao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 b\u00e1n l\u1ebb c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng th\u1ec3 thao \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh m\u1ed7i b\u00ean.<\/p>\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a li\u00ean doanh<\/font><\/h3>\n

– Li\u00ean doanh<\/i> c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u00edt h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty s\u1edf h\u1eefu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9, v\u00ec m\u1ed7i b\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ecbu r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

– C\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng li\u00ean doanh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi th\u00eam v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kinh doanh n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp chi nh\u00e1nh s\u1edf h\u1eefu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ty li\u00ean doanh b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c li\u00ean doanh mua l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7 kinh nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba. V\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng li\u00ean doanh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

– M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ty n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i chia s\u1ebb quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ty trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp li\u00ean doanh. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty trong n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1edd h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 s\u1ebd \u00edt can thi\u1ec7p h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c can thi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a li\u00ean doanh.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a li\u00ean doanh<\/font><\/h3>\n

– Li\u00ean doanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra tranh ch\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean. C\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf li\u00ean doanh 50:50, m\u1ed7i b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u01b0 nhau d\u1eabn t\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. C\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 chia l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

– Vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t li\u00ean doanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra khi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u01b0 truy\u1ec1n thanh, h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Do v\u1eady, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a li\u00ean doanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng do ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a hay an ninh.<\/p>\n

(Theo Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh Kinh doanh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, NXB \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Li\u00ean doanh (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Joint Venture) l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c kinh t\u1ebf \u1edf m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[418],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33852"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33852"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33852\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":67753,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33852\/revisions\/67753"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33852"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33852"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33852"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}