{"id":33956,"date":"2023-12-08T02:51:02","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T02:51:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/khu-vuc-thuong-mai-tu-do-free-trade-agreement-fta-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-23T12:51:43","modified_gmt":"2023-12-23T05:51:43","slug":"khu-vuc-thuong-mai-tu-do-free-trade-agreement-fta-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/khu-vuc-thuong-mai-tu-do-free-trade-agreement-fta-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"Khu v\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 do (Free Trade Agreement – FTA) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda (Ngu\u1ed3n: vietnamembassy-venezuela.org)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Khu v\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 do<\/font><\/h2>\n

Khu v\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 do<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Free Trade Agreement<\/b>, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 FTA<\/b>.<\/p>\n

Khu v\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 do (FTA)<\/b> l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c li\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f9ng nhau th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a b\u1ecf h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o thu\u1ebf quan v\u00e0 phi thu\u1ebf quan \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 khi bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.\u00a0<\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean v\u1eabn c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n duy tr\u00ec ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh khu v\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 do<\/font><\/h3>\n

1. Qui\u00a0\u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1eaft b\u1ecf h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o thu\u1ebf quan
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Trong FTA, m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i cam k\u1ebft lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u cho ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c trong kh\u1ed1i. Lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf thu\u1ebf t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong bi\u1ec3u cam k\u1ebft lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf thu\u1ebf quan \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng qu\u1ed1c gia).\u00a0<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u00e1c FTA, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng thu\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e3i b\u1ecf ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o “danh s\u00e1ch nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m”, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt d\u00f2ng thu\u1ebf s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e3i b\u1ecf v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea trong “danh s\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb”.<\/p>\n

2. Qui\u00a0\u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 qui\u00a0t\u1eafc xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9<\/b><\/p>\n

Qui\u00a0t\u1eafc xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 FTA n\u00e0o. Trong \u0111\u00f3 qui\u00a0\u0111\u1ecbnh chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 “c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9” t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c FTA \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i thu\u1ebf quan. Trong c\u00e1c FTA kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u00f3 qui\u00a0t\u1eafc xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a qui\u00a0t\u1eafc xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ch\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i (trade deflection), \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf quan th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m khai th\u00e1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 thu\u1ebf. <\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh H\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp Kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf – NXB \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Khu v\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 do (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Free Trade Agreement – FTA) \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chung v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[418],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33956"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33956"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33956\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":67803,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33956\/revisions\/67803"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33956"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33956"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33956"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}