{"id":34004,"date":"2023-12-08T02:52:48","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T02:52:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/hoat-dong-thuong-mai-commercial-activities-la-gi-cac-nguyen-tac-hoat-dong-co-ban.html"},"modified":"2023-12-08T02:52:48","modified_gmt":"2023-12-08T02:52:48","slug":"hoat-dong-thuong-mai-commercial-activities-la-gi-cac-nguyen-tac-hoat-dong-co-ban","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/hoat-dong-thuong-mai-commercial-activities-la-gi-cac-nguyen-tac-hoat-dong-co-ban.html","title":{"rendered":"Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i (Commercial activities) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
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\"book-on-wooden-table\"<\/div>\n
\n

H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda (Ngu\u1ed3n: The Fouth Revolution).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i (Commercial activities)<\/font><\/h2>\n

Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/b> – danh t\u1eeb, trong ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng b\u1edfi c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb\u00a0Commercial activities<\/b>.<\/p>\n

“Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i (trade)\u00a0l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n hay nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt, hay gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n trung gian nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec1n. \u00cdch l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00f3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng qua chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n h\u00f3a.\u00a0<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i.” (Theo\u00a0T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, NXB \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n<\/i>)<\/p>\n

Theo Lu\u1eadt th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i n\u0103m 2005<\/i>, “Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/i> l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch sinh l\u1ee3i, bao g\u1ed3m mua b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1, cung \u1ee9ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch sinh l\u1ee3i kh\u00e1c.”<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/font><\/h3>\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/b><\/p>\n

Th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/i>.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1ef1 do, t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/b><\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qui \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, thu\u1ea7n phong m\u0129 t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c l\u1eadp c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/i>. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

– Trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/i>, c\u00e1c b\u00ean ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng b\u00ean n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t, c\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u00e9p, \u0111e do\u1ea1, ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n b\u00ean n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u00f3i quen trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean<\/b><\/p>\n

Tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u00f3i quen trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i <\/i>\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi qui \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/b><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1c b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean th\u00ec \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc theo qui \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng<\/b><\/p>\n

– Th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/i> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, trung th\u1ef1c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh kinh doanh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

– Th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/i> ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh kinh doanh.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u00e1p l\u00ed c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/b><\/p>\n

Trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/b>, c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u0129 thu\u1eadt theo qui \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u00e1p l\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n. (Theo Lu\u1eadt th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i n\u0103m 2005<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Commercial activities) l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n hay nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n theo qui \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[418],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34004"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34004"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34004\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34004"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34004"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34004"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}