{"id":35268,"date":"2023-12-08T08:01:43","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T08:01:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/phan-tich-chi-phi-va-loi-ich-cost-and-benefit-analysis-trong-qui-hoach-xay-dung-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-23T20:59:35","modified_gmt":"2023-12-23T13:59:35","slug":"phan-tich-chi-phi-va-loi-ich-cost-and-benefit-analysis-trong-qui-hoach-xay-dung-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/phan-tich-chi-phi-va-loi-ich-cost-and-benefit-analysis-trong-qui-hoach-xay-dung-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch (Cost and Benefit Analysis) trong qui ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n
<\/div>\n
\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch (Cost and Benefit Analysis) (Ngu\u1ed3n: Econlib)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch (Cost and Benefit Analysis<\/font>)<\/font>
<\/b><\/h2>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/b> – danh t\u1eeb, trong ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng b\u1edfi c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb\u00a0Cost and Benefit Analysis<\/b>.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/i> l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (\u0110TM) trong qui ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i s\u00e2u so s\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n mang l\u1ea1i. (Theo\u00a0M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u00f4 th\u1ecb, NXB X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/i>)<\/p>\n

N\u1ed9i dung ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/font><\/h3>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p do Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean H\u1ee3p Qu\u1ed1c (UNEP) \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

– Li\u1ec7t k\u00ea t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi d\u00f9ng cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c. Li\u1ec7t k\u00ea t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ebf th\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ebf th\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ho\u00e0n nguy\u00ean.\u00a0<\/p>\n

– X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Li\u1ec7t k\u00ea nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

– Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch tr\u00ean v\u00e0o b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0110TM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/i><\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p do Vi\u1ec7n M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t<\/b><\/p>\n

– T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

– X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a kinh t\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/span><\/i>.<\/p>\n

– T\u00ednh to\u00e1n chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/i><\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/i>. \u01af\u1edbc \u0111o\u00e1n nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u00e1n nh\u1eefng chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. \u0110em nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh lu\u1eadn ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u1ee3i \u00edch chi ph\u00ed cho c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

\n
<\/div>\n
\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u1ee3i \u00edch chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/u><\/i><\/p>\n

NPV<\/b>: L\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn r\u00f2ng (Net Present Value).<\/p>\n

Bt<\/sub><\/b>: L\u1ee3i \u00edch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i n\u0103m th\u1ee9 t<\/b>.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C0<\/sub><\/b>: Chi ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Ct<\/sub><\/b>: Chi ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i n\u0103m th\u1ee9 t<\/b>.<\/p>\n

r<\/b>: H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 chi\u1ebft kh\u1ea5u theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

m<\/b>: S\u1ed1 n\u0103m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 chi\u1ebft kh\u1ea5u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1:\u00a0<\/p>\n

– Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.<\/p>\n

– Chi ph\u00ed c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

– Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc… (Theo M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u00f4 th\u1ecb, NXB X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/i>)<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Cost and Benefit Analysis) trong qui ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (\u0110TM).\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[420],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35268"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35268"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35268\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":68355,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35268\/revisions\/68355"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35268"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35268"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35268"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}