{"id":35747,"date":"2023-12-08T10:59:39","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T10:59:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/trinh-do-sang-tao-inventive-step-va-tinh-khong-hien-nhien-non-obviousness-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-23T21:00:59","modified_gmt":"2023-12-23T14:00:59","slug":"trinh-do-sang-tao-inventive-step-va-tinh-khong-hien-nhien-non-obviousness-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/trinh-do-sang-tao-inventive-step-va-tinh-khong-hien-nhien-non-obviousness-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"Tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o (Inventive step) v\u00e0 t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean (Non-obviousness) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Inventive step<\/b>, t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0\u00a0non-obviousness.<\/b><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/b> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. S\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf thi\u1ebfu tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

“Tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u ho\u1eb7c th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n m\u1ed9t nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf. S\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf d\u1ea1ng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y<\/i>“. (Theo Michael Blakeney, 2007)<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u 61 Lu\u1eadt S\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh: “S\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o n\u1ebfu c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft trung b\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/i>“.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng<\/font><\/h3>\n

Khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/b> c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tra c\u1ee9u th\u00f4ng tin trong ngu\u1ed3n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c (nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n vi\u1ec7c tra c\u1ee9u \u1edf ngu\u1ed3n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00f3) nh\u01b0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh m\u1edbi.\u00a0<\/p>\n

S\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf (\u0111i\u1ec3m y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3\u00a0t\u00ednh m\u1edbi\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf (\u0111i\u1ec3m y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9) c\u00f3 t\u00ednh m\u1edbi.\u00a0<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf n\u00eau trong m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft trung b\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng, khi c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c ng\u00e0y \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00eau trong \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

Theo kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c logic t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean<\/b> v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/b> c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi nhau. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft trung b\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1edbi, th\u00ec s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

(Theo Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh Ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt S\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, NXB \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n S\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf thi\u1ebfu tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Inventive step) l\u00e0 s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[421],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35747"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35747"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35747\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":68538,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35747\/revisions\/68538"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35747"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35747"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35747"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}