{"id":37483,"date":"2023-12-08T23:36:25","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T23:36:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/project-life-cycles-predictive-iterative-incremental-agile-hybrid.html"},"modified":"2023-12-08T23:36:25","modified_gmt":"2023-12-08T23:36:25","slug":"project-life-cycles-predictive-iterative-incremental-agile-hybrid","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/project-life-cycles-predictive-iterative-incremental-agile-hybrid.html","title":{"rendered":"Project life cycles: Predictive, Iterative, Incremental, Agile, Hybrid"},"content":{"rendered":"
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V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

A project life cycle (t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch \u201cV\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n\u201d)<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1ea3i qua t\u1eeb khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p khung c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan. C\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 (sequential), l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i (iterative) ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o (overlapping).<\/p>\n

V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Predictive (D\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n) ho\u1eb7c Adaptive (Th\u00edch \u1ee9ng) ho\u1eb7c Hybrid (K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p). \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 h\u01a1n, v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Adaptive bao g\u1ed3m Iterative (L\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i xo\u1eafn \u1ed1c), Incremental (Gia t\u0103ng), and Agile (Linh ho\u1ea1t). Trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, n\u00f3i chung c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Predictive (D\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n)<\/li>\n
  • Iterative (L\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i)<\/li>\n
  • Incremental (Gia t\u0103ng)<\/li>\n
  • Agile (Linh ho\u1ea1t)<\/li>\n
  • Hybrid (K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi<\/b><\/h2>\n

    V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n (Predictive Life Cycle)<\/b><\/h3>\n

    V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi, th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, trong m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n, c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea1m vi, th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. M\u1ecdi thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u0169. C\u00e1c v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n sang giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo. C\u00e1c v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc (waterfall life cycle)<\/b>.<\/p>\n

    V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i (Iterative Life Cycle)<\/b><\/h3>\n

    V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1edbm trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean khi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u0103ng l\u00ean. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i (iteration) ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c chu k\u1ef3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, trong khi c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n (increment) b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

    Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t khi t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng – c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i – t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u1eafm b\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf d\u1ea1ng phi\u00ean h\u1ed3i c\u1ee9u (retrospective session), c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan. Ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia v\u00e0o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qua c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i.\u00a0<\/p>\n

    V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi gia t\u0103ng (Incremental Life Cycle)<\/b><\/h3>\n

    V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi gia t\u0103ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00edch \u1ee9ng trong \u0111\u00f3 giao ph\u1ea9m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp b\u1ed5 sung ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng trong m\u1ed9t khung th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Giao ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 sau l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

    C\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch khi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c giao ph\u1ea9m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5. Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, nh\u00f3m s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ea5p cao (high-level vision) v\u00ec c\u00e1c giao ph\u1ea9m s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n chuy\u1ec3n qua t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1eefu \u00edch trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi, t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ea5p cao v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft nh\u01b0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh (t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 progressive elaboration – l\u00e0m r\u00f5 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc). V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i khi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c khi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n (partial delivery) c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

    Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec3n giao ho\u1eb7c giao ph\u1ea9m. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c giao ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 b\u00e0n giao tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c giao ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap nh\u00f3m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

    V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o (overlapping relationship), nh\u01b0ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n – m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n trong m\u1ed7i iteration.<\/p>\n

    V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi linh ho\u1ea1t (Agile Life Cycle)<\/b><\/h3>\n

    V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi Agile l\u00e0 l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c gia t\u0103ng (iterative or incremental) v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 theo-h\u01b0\u1edbng-thay-\u0111\u1ed5i (change-driven) ho\u1eb7c th\u00edch \u1ee9ng. V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i cao v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c linh ho\u1ea1t, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c, th\u00edch \u1ee9ng cao, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a trong khi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng, ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c giao ph\u1ea9m gia t\u0103ng nh\u1ecf \u0111em l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n

    Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p (Hybrid Methodology)<\/b><\/h3>\n

    Nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, m\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1eeb c\u1ea3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n (th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc) v\u00e0 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng (linh ho\u1ea1t). Trong c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1eabn \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khung th\u1eddi gian b\u00e0n giao ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n, ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c li\u00ean quan c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i gi\u00fap nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kinh doanh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ed9i ng\u0169 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho m\u1ed7i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee7 linh \u0111\u1ed9ng (flexible) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. T\u00ednh linh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch:<\/p>\n

    – X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/p>\n

    – Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/p>\n

    – \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: t\u00ean, th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ti\u00eau ch\u00ed tho\u00e1t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o).<\/p>\n

    V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (m\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n). V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, t\u1eeb kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng, tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ngh\u1ec9 h\u01b0u.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/p>\n

    <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    Project benefits management plan l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/p>\n

    Project business case l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? A project life cycle (t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch \u201cV\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n\u201d) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1ea3i qua t\u1eeb khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p khung c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[250],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37483"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37483"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37483\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37483"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37483"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37483"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}