{"id":37587,"date":"2023-12-08T23:38:40","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T23:38:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/quan-ly-rui-ro-du-an-project-risk-management.html"},"modified":"2023-12-24T21:47:29","modified_gmt":"2023-12-24T14:47:29","slug":"quan-ly-rui-ro-du-an-project-risk-management","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/quan-ly-rui-ro-du-an-project-risk-management.html","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro d\u1ef1 \u00e1n – Project Risk Management"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c, m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi gian, \u0111\u00fang ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch, \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra. Ngay c\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ngo\u00e0i k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u00fang ta g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 RISK <\/strong>(c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t).<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro (risk management) gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c \u00edt x\u1ea3y ra h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i nguy<\/span> \u2013 r\u1ee7i ro x\u1ea5u). \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u00fap t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i<\/span> \u2013 r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed1t). V\u00e0 khi ch\u00fang ta lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, th\u00ec ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9, chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 l\u00fd do qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Risk – r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Risk – r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n (nh\u01b0 h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n, covid), ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0ng<\/span> ch\u01b0a x\u1ea3y ra (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra<\/span>). N\u1ebfu n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Project manager c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy (negative risk – threat) <\/span>\u2013 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra sai s\u00f3t v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy khi x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u<\/span> s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \/ v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 (issue<\/span> \/ problem)<\/span> cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c <\/span>(positive risk, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i (opportunity)<\/span>); c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i khi x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0:<\/span><\/p>\n

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  • N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb XYZ \u0111\u1ec3 mua h\u01a1n 20 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac, chi ph\u00ed cho m\u1ed7i m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 20% so v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. <\/span><\/li>\n
  • N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, g\u00f3i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1ed1 3, 4 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhanh h\u01a1n hai ng\u00e0y so v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro – Risk management<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

    Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n\/\u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, c\u1ea3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro t\u00edch c\u1ef1c (c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i) v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c (m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda), \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ngay t\u1eeb khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean trong khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh. Project manager v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m xem x\u00e9t nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u01b0a x\u1ea3y ra, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

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    Nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

    1. Uncertainty<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

    L\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn do s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, thi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111i s\u1ef1 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0a ra. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, chi ph\u00ed, th\u1eddi gian, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00f4ng tin,… c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

    2. Individual project risk – r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 Overall project risk – r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

    Individual project risk<\/strong>: l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng, n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra, c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i (r\u1ee7i ro t\u00edch c\u1ef1c) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng & \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian, chi ph\u00ed, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy (r\u1ee7i ro ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e1nh ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng & \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5, v\u01b0\u1ee3t chi ph\u00ed, gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. Project manager th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd \u0111i s\u00e2u \u0111i s\u00e1t v\u00e0o t\u1eebng r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u00e0 Project manager th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 \u201cD\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0o?<\/strong>\u201d (What risks).<\/span><\/p>\n

    Overall project risk:<\/strong> L\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/strong>, h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 cho c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, c\u1ea3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/strong>. Sponsor th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00edt quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e2u s\u00e1t t\u1edbi t\u1eebng r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi b\u1ee9c tranh t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 \u201cD\u1ef1 \u00e1n r\u1ee7i ro nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong>\u201d (How risky), h\u1ecd quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cCh\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 80% c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong v\u00f2ng s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u\u201d. Ho\u1eb7c, “Ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 75% c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch 800.000 \u0111\u00f4 la.”<\/span><\/p>\n

    3. Risk Factors – c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

    Khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u sau:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro<\/li>\n
    • Ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra (t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng)<\/li>\n
    • Th\u1eddi gian d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bx\u1ea3y ra trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (khi n\u00e0o)<\/li>\n
    • T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra (m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean)\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      4. Kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

      C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f3m s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, ch\u00fang kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (ph\u1ea1m vi, ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9, chi ph\u00ed, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng,…), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

      Risk Appetite<\/strong> (Kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb r\u1ee7i ro): c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chung, t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t sponsor s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t \u00edt <\/strong>r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

      Risk Thresholds<\/strong> (Ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng r\u1ee7i ro): \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, sponsor s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ecb tr\u1ec5 15 ng\u00e0y<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c l\u00e2u h\u01a1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

      5. Risk Averse & Risk Prone<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

      Risk Averse<\/strong>: L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c b\u1edfi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro.<\/p>\n

      Risk Prone<\/strong>: Hay c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Risk takers \/ Risk taking \/ Risk seeker. L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro, h\u1ecd tin r\u1eb1ng r\u1ee7i ro cao s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao. Tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi Risk averse.<\/p>\n

      6. Project resilience – t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n, t\u00ednh ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

      Khi nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro ph\u00e1t sinh d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng unknown-unknowns (nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c\/\u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u01b0a x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c) d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n l\u1ed9 di\u1ec7n, nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra. Nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, gia t\u0103ng t\u00ednh ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty startup, non tr\u1ebb th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng r\u1ee7i ro th\u1ea5p, d\u1ecbch covid qu\u00e9t qua, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n 1 th\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 doanh thu c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng ty lao \u0111ao. C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty, t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n l\u1edbn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng cao, n\u1eeda n\u0103m ho\u1eb7c 1 n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 doanh thu th\u00ec v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng r\u1ee7i ro cao.<\/span><\/p>\n

      X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng r\u1ee7i ro b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
      • C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng (ti\u1ec1n & th\u1eddi gian) cho nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro ph\u00e1t sinh (unknown-unknowns), v\u00e0 known-unknowns (ch\u01b0a x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c).<\/span><\/li>\n
      • C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy tr\u00ecnh linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Chia s\u1ebb quy\u1ec1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, tin t\u01b0\u1edfng giao ph\u00f3.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean xem x\u00e9t nh\u1eefng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro ph\u00e1t sinh, c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea1m vi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro ph\u00e1t sinh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u1ee7i ro – Risk categories<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

        M\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch chu\u1ea9n ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf s\u00f3t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. C\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hay l\u00e0 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n r\u1ee7i ro m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/li>\n
        • Thi\u1ebfu ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c<\/li>\n
        • C\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, lu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/li>\n
        • Ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 PMO n\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o Risk categories ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

          Ngo\u00e0i ra, r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          \n

          R\u1ee7i ro b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i (external)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

          		\n

          C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, lu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7; d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng; v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n,…<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

          \n

          R\u1ee7i ro n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 (internal)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

          		\n

          Thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch; thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ea1m vi; th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m thi\u1ebfu kinh nghi\u1ec7m; c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1, v\u1eadt t\u01b0 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb,…<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

          \n

          R\u1ee7i ro k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (technical)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

          		\n

          C\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt,…<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

          \n

          R\u1ee7i ro th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i (commercial)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

          		\n

          S\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p,…<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

          \n

          C\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

          		\n

          Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf r\u1ee7i ro (kho\u1ea3ng 10%) l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n 300 lo\u1ea1i r\u1ee7i ro ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro do:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/li>\n
          • Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo<\/li>\n
          • Thi\u1ebfu ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a Project Manager v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan<\/li>\n
          • Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/li>\n
          • C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p<\/li>\n
          • Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/li>\n
          • V\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nhau<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n

              \n
            • Ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9<\/strong> (v\u1eadt t\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao s\u1edbm h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u00ean g\u00f3i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c XYZ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1edbm h\u01a1n 3 ng\u00e0y)<\/span><\/li>\n
            • Gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 \/ Chi ph\u00ed<\/strong> (b\u1edfi v\u00ec v\u1eadt t\u01b0 t\u1edbi tr\u1ec5 h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn, n\u00ean ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 th\u00eam ti\u1ec1n thu\u00ea m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng – v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed l\u00e0 100 tri\u1ec7u)<\/li>\n
            • Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong> (B\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4 theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c g\u00f3i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp theo s\u1edbm h\u01a1n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch)<\/li>\n
            • Ph\u1ea1m vi<\/strong> (Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m vi cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i th\u00eam c\u00e1c g\u00f3i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed 100 tri\u1ec7u)<\/li>\n
            • T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean<\/strong> (Designer c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u sang m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb tr\u1ec5 t\u1eeb 100 \u0111\u1ebfn 275 gi\u1edd)<\/li>\n
            • S\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/strong> (C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi giao ph\u1ea9m XYZ, khi\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i giao ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 20%)\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              R\u1ee7i ro c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n

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              • Business risk:<\/strong> r\u1ee7i ro d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e3i ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/li>\n
              • Pure (insurable) risk (thu\u1ea7n r\u1ee7i ro): <\/strong>Ch\u1ec9 r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n, tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n,…)\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra (event-based). Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro phi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n (non-event), thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i sau:<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • Variability risk (bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean):<\/strong> r\u1ee7i ro do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 giao \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7i ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn, ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft tr\u00e1i m\u00f9a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Monte Carlo, cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n
                • Ambiguity risk (m\u01a1 h\u1ed3):<\/strong> C\u00f3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, hi\u1ec3u m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Khi m\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, bao g\u1ed3m: y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh – lu\u1eadt ch\u01b0a n\u1eafm r\u00f5, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean gia ho\u1eb7c thu th\u1eadp nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n. Ambiguity risk c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu (prototype), gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp,… v\u00ec nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m r\u00f5 th\u00f4ng tin h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n m\u1ee5c c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Risk Breakdown Structure (RBS)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  \n

                  RBS C\u1ea4P 0<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  RBS C\u1ea4P 1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  RBS C\u1ea4P 2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  0. T\u1ea4T C\u1ea2 C\u00c1C NGU\u1ed2N C\u1ee6A R\u1ee6I RO D\u1ef0 \u00c1N<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  1. R\u1ee6I RO K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  1.1 \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ph\u1ea1m vi<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  1.2 \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  1.3 \u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh, gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  1.4 Quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  1.5 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  1.6 Giao di\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  V.v<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  2. R\u1ee6I RO QU\u1ea2N L\u00dd<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  2.1 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  2.2 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \/ danh m\u1ee5c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  2.3 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  2.4 T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  2.5 Ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  2.6 Giao ti\u1ebfp<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  V.v<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  3. R\u1ee6I RO TH\u01af\u01a0NG M\u1ea0I<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  3.1 C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  3.2 Mua b\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1ea7u n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  3.3 Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  3.4 H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ee5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  3.5 Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \/ S\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  3.6 C\u00f4ng ty h\u1ee3p danh v\u00e0 li\u00ean doanh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  V.v<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  4. R\u1ee6I RO B\u00caN NGO\u00c0I<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                  		\n

                  4.1 Lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  4.2 T\u1ef7 gi\u00e1 h\u1ed1i \u0111o\u00e1i<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  4.3 H\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \/ c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  4.4 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \/ th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  4.5 C\u1ea1nh tranh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  4.6 Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                  \n

                  V.v<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  \u00a0<\/p>\n

                  Quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

                  Ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra, x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o l\u00fac n\u00e0o v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. B\u1ea3y quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro<\/li>\n
                  • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro<\/li>\n
                  • Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro<\/li>\n
                  • Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro<\/li>\n
                  • L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro<\/li>\n
                  • Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro<\/li>\n
                  • Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. R\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro m\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro ban \u0111\u1ea7u, n\u00f3 v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. Quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

                    1.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

                    Project Manager, sponsor, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro cho m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. V\u00ec qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y n\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khi m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh s\u1edbm trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

                    Vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ea7n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u1ebfu th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t checklist c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a t\u1eeb c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 checklist n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro, nh\u01b0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho m\u1ed7i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

                    Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c n\u00ean d\u00e0nh bao nhi\u00eau n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c cho vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1c. Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ai s\u1ebd tham gia v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. C\u00e1c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u1eabu li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ma tr\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (probability and impact matrix), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

                    Khi \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro. <\/strong>B\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • Risk strategy (Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/li>\n
                    • Methodology (Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn):<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/li>\n
                    • Roles and responsibilities (Vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m):<\/strong> Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ai s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro.<\/li>\n
                    • Funding (C\u1ea5p v\u1ed1n):<\/strong> Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng – contingency reserves v\u00e0 management reserves). Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro s\u1ebd t\u1ed1n chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, nh\u01b0ng nh\u00ecn chung, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda v\u00e0 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n
                    • Timing (Th\u1eddi gian):<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/li>\n
                    • Risk categories (Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u1ee7i ro): <\/strong>nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf m\u1ee5c tr\u00ean.<\/li>\n
                    • Risk appetite\/thresholds (Kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb r\u1ee7i ro \/ ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan):<\/strong> Kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xung quanh m\u1ed7i m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. C\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u00e0y:\n
                        \n
                      • S\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/li>\n
                      • C\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro (probability and impacts), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                      • Definitions of risk probability and impacts (C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro): <\/strong>Khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 70% trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 con s\u1ed1 70% l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t cao, trong khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 con s\u1ed1 70% l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00fap ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i n\u00e0y, gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t r\u1ee7i ro, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng gi\u00fap so s\u00e1nh r\u1ee7i ro gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1edbi nhau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        \n

                          \n
                        • Probability and impact matrix (Ma tr\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng)<\/strong>: L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u1ebfu r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 r\u1ea5t cao, cao, trung b\u00ecnh, th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p) ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. Khi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi nhau (Probability x Impact, P x I) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng cho m\u1ed7i r\u1ee7i ro (risk score), cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. Ma tr\u1eadn n\u00e0y s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb r\u1ee7i ro, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd chia ra nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0o c\u00f3 risk score cao h\u01a1n 0.24 th\u00ec x\u1ebfp nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o 1 nh\u00f3m, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0a n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng risk score th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. T\u1eeb 0.07 tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng th\u00ec cho v\u00e0o 1 nh\u00f3m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i v\u1ec1 sau (watchlist). Kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c nhau th\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng risk score kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                          \n

                            \n
                          • Reporting formats (B\u00e1o c\u00e1o):<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp th\u00e0nh v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i t\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan. M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a risk register v\u00e0 risk report (s\u1ebd m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u1edf ph\u1ea7n sau), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/li>\n
                          • Tracking (Theo d\u00f5i):<\/strong> M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                            2.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

                            X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                            Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong su\u1ed1t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/strong>. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, v\u00ec c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u0169ng s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i. T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n tham gia v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro.\u00a0<\/p>\n

                            Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro, bao g\u1ed3m T\u1ea4T C\u1ea2 M\u1eccI NG\u01af\u1edcI<\/strong> – t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 \u00e1n!!!<\/p>\n

                            Khi m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n cho c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1ee7i ro (risk report) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1eb1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro.<\/p>\n

                            B\u1edfi v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf r\u1ee7i ro c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh sau n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n

                              \n
                            • Trong quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/li>\n
                            • Khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng,<\/li>\n
                            • Khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c<\/li>\n
                            • Khi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                              C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                \n
                              • Brainstorming:<\/strong> M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a brainstorming l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. RBS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m khung s\u01b0\u1eddn cho bu\u1ed5i brainstorming. C\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng qua brainstorming \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, v\u00ec brainstorming th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u01a1 b\u1ed9, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/li>\n
                              • Checklist:<\/strong> L\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf. Checklist \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch l\u0169y t\u1eeb c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1c. Checklist li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp Checklist c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/li>\n
                              • Interviews:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m, c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia (SME). Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p trung th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thi\u00ean v\u1ecb.<\/li>\n
                              • Root cause analysis (Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5):<\/strong> Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n
                              • Assumption and constraint analysis (Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c)<\/strong>: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1i n\u00e0o g\u00e2y r\u1ee7i ro cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u1eefng r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c n\u1edbi l\u1ecfng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c quy tr\u00ecnh (chi ph\u00ed, ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9).<\/li>\n
                              • Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch SWOT:<\/strong> L\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1eeb t\u1eebng g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh, \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda. Sau \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0o cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ea3y sinh t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda n\u00e0o xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n
                              • Document analysis (Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u):<\/strong> S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh, r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt\u2026), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/li>\n
                              • Prompt lists (Danh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf)<\/strong>: L\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Danh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t khung s\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro. C\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c r\u1ee7i ro \u1edf t\u1ea7ng th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Risk Breakdown Structure (RBS) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m prompt list cho c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                Quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 <\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                • Risk register<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                  Risk register l\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, gi\u00fap n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/strong> c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i trong risk register<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

                                  Risk register ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng<\/em><\/strong> th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau<\/em><\/strong> trong quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: n\u1ebfu d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro, risk register s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng (potential), ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn cho r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

                                  T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro, risk register bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

                                  – Danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh: <\/strong>C\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5t. M\u1ed7i r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh duy nh\u1ea5t trong risk register.<\/p>\n

                                  – Potential risk owners:<\/strong> C\u00e1c risk owner (s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u1edf ph\u1ea7n sau) ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i trong quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

                                  – Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng:<\/strong> S\u1ebd c\u00f3 l\u00fac ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o risk register khi r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro.<\/p>\n

                                  – Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro:<\/strong> Cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sau n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i r\u1ee7i ro trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m th\u00f4ng tin tham kh\u1ea3o cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. M\u1ed9t r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

                                  – C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt danh m\u1ee5c r\u1ee7i ro:<\/strong> D\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i r\u1ee7i ro m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam v\u00e0o checklist chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

                                  M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 sung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i cho t\u1eebng r\u1ee7i ro, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng risk register \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m: ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ee7i ro, lo\u1ea1i r\u1ee7i ro, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng r\u1ee7i ro hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t r\u1ee7i ro (c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho th\u1ea5y r\u1ee7i ro s\u1eafp x\u1ea3y ra), tham chi\u1ebfu WBS v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian (khi n\u00e0o r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, khi n\u00e0o r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra, khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p n\u1eefa v\u00e0 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n khi n\u00e0o).<\/p>\n

                                  M\u1ed9t l\u01b0u \u00fd nh\u1ecf, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 cho r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro (c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng) v\u00e0 trong khi l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro (c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn).<\/p>\n

                                    \n
                                  • Risk report<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                    Risk report tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (overall project risk), c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin t\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/strong> v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. Risk report s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n<\/strong> trong su\u1ed1t c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

                                    K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 <\/strong>c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i trong risk report<\/strong> khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

                                    T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y trong quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro, risk report bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

                                    – C\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n:<\/strong> Ch\u1ec9 ra nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t d\u1eabn t\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

                                    – Th\u00f4ng tin t\u00f3m t\u1eaft nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb:<\/strong> Th\u00f4ng tin t\u00f3m t\u1eaft nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 r\u1ee7i ro tr\u00ean c\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c r\u1ee7i ro, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng,…<\/p>\n

                                    – Th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 sung: <\/strong>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o risk report, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro.<\/p>\n

                                    3.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong> \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

                                    Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 sau, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro. Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                    <\/em><\/strong>. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ch\u1ee7 quan<\/strong> (d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1c) v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong risk register. K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ra cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 high priority, high impact, th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 high-priority risk, low-priority risk. Khi m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i khi c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n. <\/span><\/p>\n

                                    \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ed1t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia trong quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh. Ch\u00fang ta r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 m\u1eafc sai l\u1ea7m khi \u0111\u01b0a s\u1ef1 thi\u00ean v\u1ecb v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 thi\u00ean v\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft s\u1ef1 thi\u00ean v\u1ecb \u200b\u200bl\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i (facilitator) qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                    Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh risk owner (ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n) cho m\u1ed7i r\u1ee7i ro. Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (n\u1ebfu d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng). Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro, v\u00e0 cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft khi n\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng trong Agile th\u00ec ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                    C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong quy tr\u00ecnh t<\/u><\/strong>h\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                      \n
                                    • <\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh sai l\u1ec7ch. M\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u201cgarbage in, garbage out – GIGO\u201d. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o l\u00e0 r\u00e1c, th\u00ec d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u0169ng l\u00e0 1 \u0111\u1ed1ng r\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a \u1edf TP.HCM v\u00e0o m\u00f9a n\u1eafng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t cao, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t thi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, v\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111i che ph\u1ee7 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u01b0a, d\u1eabn t\u1ed1n chi ph\u00ed. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ea3ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch quan, t\u00ednh li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 t\u00ednh k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u sau \u0111\u00e2y cho t\u1eebng r\u1ee7i ro:<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                      – M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 r\u1ee7i ro<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      – D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n v\u1ec1 r\u1ee7i ro<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      – Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      – \u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/span><\/p>\n

                                        \n
                                      • <\/strong>Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00f3, xem x\u00e9t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9, chi ph\u00ed, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o risk register, d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng watchlist<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                      • <\/strong>Nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro (ngo\u00e0i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng) khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                        \n

                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                        \n

                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                        \n

                                        T\u00ednh kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p (Urgency)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        M\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p cao<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                        \n

                                        T\u00ednh ti\u1ec7m c\u1eadn (Proximity)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        M\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn cho th\u1ea5y \u201ct\u00ednh ti\u1ec7m c\u1eadn\u201d cao – High Proximity.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                        \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                        V\u00ed d\u1ee5 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y sau (kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn) th\u1ea5y ng\u1eadp c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh th\u00ec t\u00ednh ti\u1ec7m c\u1eadn cao. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n sau (kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i) m\u1edbi g\u00e2y s\u1ee5t l\u00fan th\u00ec t\u00ednh ti\u1ec7m c\u1eadn th\u1ea5p.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                        \n

                                        Ng\u1ee7 m\u00ea (Dormancy)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4i qua sau khi r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        M\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn cho th\u1ea5y \u201cng\u1ee7 m\u00ea\u201d th\u1ea5p – Low Dormancy.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                        \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                        V\u00ed d\u1ee5 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y sau (kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn) ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp th\u00ec t\u00ednh ng\u1ee7 m\u00ea th\u1ea5p. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n sau (kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i) m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u1ed1 s\u1ee5t l\u00fan th\u00ec t\u00ednh ng\u1ee7 m\u00ea cao.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                        \n

                                        Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd (Manageability)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        S\u1ef1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u00e0 risk owner (ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        Khi s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 high manageability<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                        \n

                                        Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t (Controllability)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 risk owner (ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        Khi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t cao – high controllability<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                        \n

                                        Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n (Detectability)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra ho\u1eb7c s\u1eafp x\u1ea3y ra.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n cao – high detectability<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                        \n

                                        K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i (Connectivity)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb kh\u00e1c<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        Khi r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00e1c, t\u00ednh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i cao – high connectivity<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                        \n

                                        T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c (Strategic impact)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 high strategic impact<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                        \n

                                        T\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ee3 (Propinquity)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u b\u00ean li\u00ean quan nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                        		\n

                                        Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 high propinquity<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                        \u00a0<\/p>\n

                                          \n
                                        • Risk categorization (Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u1ee7i ro): <\/strong>C\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c sau \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn:\n
                                            \n
                                          • C\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n r\u1ee7i ro (v\u00ed d\u1ee5, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng risk breakdown structure – RBS)<\/li>\n
                                          • Khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng work breakdown structure – WBS)<\/li>\n
                                          • Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                            Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch: T\u1eadp trung s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro cao nh\u1ea5t, ho\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro chung \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m r\u1ee7i ro li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n

                                              \n
                                            • Probability and impact matrix (Ma tr\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng): <\/strong>D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng (probability) v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng (impact) c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro, ch\u00fang ta ph\u00e2n chia c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u01b0u ti\u00ean. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho t\u1eebng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: chi ph\u00ed, th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ma tr\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ri\u00eang cho t\u1eebng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. Khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro (Risk probability and impact assessment), ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma tr\u1eadn n\u00e0y cho tr\u1ef1c quan. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 r\u1ee7i ro s\u1ed1 1 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t cao 0.9, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 cao 0.4 th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 risk score = 0.9*0.4 = 0.36, l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00e1c cho c\u1ea3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Probability and impact matrix th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro s\u1ebd n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao (m\u00e0u \u0111\u1eadm), \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean trung b\u00ecnh (m\u00e0u nh\u1ea1t), \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean th\u1ea5p (m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng). Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao, trung b\u00ecnh, th\u1ea5p s\u1ebd t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho t\u1eebng r\u1ee7i ro.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                              \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                \n
                                              • Bubble chart (Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 bong b\u00f3ng)<\/strong>: Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n hai tham s\u1ed1, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma tr\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng, do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 bong b\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ba tham s\u1ed1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a bong b\u00f3ng, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 4 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ma tr\u1eadn ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 2 chi\u1ec1u.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                  \n
                                                • Risk workshop:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh, nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 risk workshop d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                  – Risk owner, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd:<\/p>\n

                                                  + Ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro.<\/p>\n

                                                  + \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 cho t\u1eebng r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

                                                  – M\u1ed7i cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i vi\u00ean c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp.<\/p>\n

                                                  Risk register<\/u><\/strong><\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt qua quy tr\u00ecnh <\/u><\/strong>ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                    \n
                                                  • Risk register: <\/strong>C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh. C\u00e1c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt cho risk register c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                    – \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/p>\n

                                                    – M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean ho\u1eb7c risk score cho t\u1eebng r\u1ee7i ro<\/p>\n

                                                    – Risk owner \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n

                                                    – K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n

                                                    – R\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c<\/p>\n

                                                    – Watchlist <\/strong>ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean th\u1ea5p (non critical risks)<\/p>\n

                                                    – Danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00eam<\/p>\n

                                                      \n
                                                    • Risk report: <\/strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng cao nh\u1ea5t), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 danh s\u00e1ch \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c sau:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                      – So s\u00e1nh r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

                                                      – X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem n\u00ean ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c hay ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

                                                      – X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem c\u00f3 n\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro (t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n) hay kh\u00f4ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

                                                      4.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

                                                      Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y KH\u00d4NG<\/strong> b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0o th\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00f3. <\/span><\/p>\n

                                                      Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh r\u1ee7i ro, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n th\u00eam th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                      Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                      Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady DUY NH\u1ea4T \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                      Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn t\u1eeb quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro, \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                      C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong quy tr\u00ecnh t<\/u><\/strong>h\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                        \n
                                                      • <\/strong>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                      • <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                        – Monte Carlo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                        – Khi ch\u1ea1y ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Monte Carlo cho r\u1ee7i ro X, m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh X c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Trong \u0111\u00f3, X c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed, ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 (network diagram ho\u1eb7c \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi gian) ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3 hai.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                        – C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi ph\u00ed, \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi gian) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn NG\u1eaaU NHI\u00caN<\/strong> cho m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                        – S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn, h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n l\u1ea7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                        – K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: ng\u00e0y k\u1ebft th\u00fac d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, chi ph\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh).<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                        – C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                        + Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng, ho\u1eb7c<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                        + Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t t\u00edch l\u0169y (S-curve) th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                        \n

                                                        \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                          \n
                                                        • <\/strong>Gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn n\u00e0o c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                        • <\/strong> L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y. Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n cho t\u1eebng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                          – S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                          + R\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb,<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                          + C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i cao, ho\u1eb7c<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                          + C\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                          – C\u00e1c h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n, t\u1ea1o ra h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng l\u1ed1c xo\u00e1y.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                          <\/strong>: \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y \u2260 DOE – Design Of Experiments (m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                          + \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y: thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 xem y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                          + Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m (DOE): thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 xem s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                          \n

                                                            \n
                                                          • <\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                            – C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb trong c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u1ed7i nh\u00e1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb li\u00ean quan (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i).<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            – \u0110i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh trong c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i theo m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c t\u00edch c\u1ef1c (gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u00e2m ho\u1eb7c d\u01b0\u01a1ng).<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            – C\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bc\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i nh\u00e1nh (Expected Monetary Value – EMV), cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            – \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: <\/span>EMV = P x I<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            Trong \u0111\u00f3: <\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            + EMV: Expected Monetary Value – Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n mong \u0111\u1ee3i<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            + P: Probability – kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            + I: Impact – t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            – Vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n EMV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro khi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng (contingency reserves) cho ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            + C\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            + V\u1edbi c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed (ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9) v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            – V\u00ed d\u1ee5 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n bay t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 sang m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng A ho\u1eb7c B. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xem s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            \n

                                                            \u00a0<\/p>\n

                                                            – N\u1ebfu t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00fang gi\u1edd c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng A l\u00e0 90%, th\u00ec t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ec5 l\u00e0 10%. T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00fang gi\u1edd c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng B l\u00e0 70%, th\u00ec t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ec5 l\u00e0 30%. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ec5 th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i $4,000. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng EMV \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            – \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e3ng A th\u00ec thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i: EMV = (10% x $4,000) + $900 = $400 + $900 = $1,300<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            – \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e3ng B th\u00ec thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i: EMV = (30% x $4,000) + $300 = $1,200 + $300 = $1,500<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            – T\u1eeb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean ta th\u1ea5y v\u1edbi EMV = $1,300 th\u00ec h\u00e3ng A s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00ec gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb EMV $1,300 l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i th\u1ea5p\u00a0h\u01a1n $1,500.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                            – C\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            \n

                                                            <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                            – C\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1ed1n – \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb l\u00e0 “n\u00fat quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh”, “n\u00fat c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i” ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn (nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng – d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 60% l\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u m\u1ea1nh, 40% l\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u y\u1ebfu).<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            – \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 120 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u1edbi hay thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 50 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, nhu c\u1ea7u (kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t \u201cn\u00fat c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i\u201d) ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, nhu c\u1ea7u m\u1ea1nh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn doanh thu 200 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 120 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la khi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p, nhu c\u1ea7u y\u1ebfu d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn doanh thu 90 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 60 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la khi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p. Ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i nh\u00e1nh cho th\u1ea5y l\u1ee3i \u00edch r\u00f2ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n doanh thu tr\u1eeb \u0111i chi ph\u00ed, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi v\u00e0o khung ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt \u1edf cu\u1ed1i nh\u00e1nh. T\u00ednh to\u00e1n EMV cho nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y m\u1edbi c\u00f3 EMV = 0.6 * 80M + 0.4 * -30M = 36M. EMV cho nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 EMV = 0.6 * 70M + 0.4 * 10M = 46M, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 EMV c\u1ee7a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            Risk report<\/u><\/strong><\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt qua quy tr\u00ecnh <\/u><\/strong>ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                              \n
                                                            • <\/strong>r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh trong hai th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o ch\u00ednh:<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                              C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cCh\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 80% c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong v\u00f2ng s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u\u201d. Ho\u1eb7c, “Ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 75% c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch 800.000 \u0111\u00f4 la.”<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                \n
                                                              • <\/strong>C\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 S-curve, bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1ed1c xo\u00e1y. C\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                L\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cD\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n th\u00eam 50.000 \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0 hai th\u00e1ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.\u201d C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed1t trong quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn critical path c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                C\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn trong k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                  \n
                                                                • <\/strong> Danh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c mang l\u1ea1i c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y (Sensitivity analysis).<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                • <\/strong> Khi l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 khi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                • <\/strong> C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb quan tr\u1ecdng, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                  \u00a0<\/h3>\n

                                                                  So s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                                                  \n

                                                                  \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                  		\n

                                                                  <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                  		\n

                                                                  <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                                                  \n

                                                                  <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                  		\n

                                                                  Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 r\u1ee7i ro, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                  		\n

                                                                  Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                                                  \n

                                                                  <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                  		\n

                                                                  \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thang \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc. <\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                  \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                  R\u1ee7i ro s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang x\u1ea3y ra. <\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                  \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                  C\u0169ng s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u1ee7i ro th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                  		\n

                                                                  Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao nh\u1ea5t.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                  \u0110\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                  Cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                  T\u1ea1o m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi ph\u00ed, ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea1m vi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                  \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u: d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, danh s\u00e1ch \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (t\u1eeb quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                                                  \n

                                                                  <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                  		\n

                                                                  \u1ede t\u1ea7ng r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                  		\n

                                                                  \u1ede t\u1ea7ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                                                  \n

                                                                  <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                  		\n

                                                                  \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ee7 quan cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                  		\n

                                                                  \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                                                  \n

                                                                  <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                  		\n

                                                                  Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ec5 v\u00e0 nhanh<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                  		\n

                                                                  T\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                                                  \n

                                                                  <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                  		\n

                                                                  Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 hay ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                  		\n

                                                                  C\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                                                  \u00a0<\/h3>\n

                                                                  5.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

                                                                  L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ea7n: <\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                    \n
                                                                  • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                  • Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c, th\u00eam c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/span>\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                    <\/em><\/strong>. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda, t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                    Sau khi c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean, risk owner \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u1eebng r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u00e0 nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n cho l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng, do m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda m\u00e0 n\u00f3 g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i. Project manager c\u0169ng n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                    Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ph\u1ea3i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho:<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                      \n
                                                                    • T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro,<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                    • Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f3,<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                    • Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf d\u1ef1 \u00e1n,<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                    • \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, v\u00e0<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                    • Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                      C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n. M\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u1ebfu:<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        \n
                                                                      • Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                      • R\u1ee7i ro t\u00e1i x\u1ea3y ra.<\/span>\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                        R\u1ee7i ro th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p – Secondary risks<\/strong> (r\u1ee7i ro ph\u00e1t sinh do k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro) c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian ho\u1eb7c chi ph\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                                                        \n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                                                        \n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                                                        \n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                        \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra b\u1eb1ng 0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                        \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        C\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra cao<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        Avoid l\u00e0 khi nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u1ecfi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Avoid c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111ang g\u1eb7p nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda, gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 xu\u1ed1ng 0.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng Avoid c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9, thay \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m ph\u1ea1m vi. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u1ee7i ro b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n giao ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c thu th\u1eadp ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                                                        \n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                        (ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi Avoid) <\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra 100%<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                        \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        C\u00f3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao m\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch n\u1eafm b\u1eaft l\u1ee3i \u00edch li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn x\u1ea3y ra, t\u0103ng x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u00ean 100%.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 khai th\u00e1c, c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                                                        \n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                        \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        C\u00f3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng cao<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        Trong gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \/ ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1edbm th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i sau khi m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1eafm m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh \u00edt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea7n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n do s\u1ef1 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                                                        \n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                        (ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi Mitigation)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                        C\u00f3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng cao<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c Enhance \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 \/ ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1edbm th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i \u00edch sau khi c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadp trung ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0o nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        Khi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1eafm m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3i \u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 n\u00e2ng cao c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i bao g\u1ed3m th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1edbm.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                                                        \n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                        (l\u00e0m l\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                        \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        C\u00f3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean th\u1ea5p<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        Chuy\u1ec3n giao bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ebfu m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda x\u1ea3y ra.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        Chuy\u1ec3n giao r\u1ee7i ro th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c thanh to\u00e1n ph\u1ea7n chi ph\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro cho b\u00ean ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n giao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, bao g\u1ed3m nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n: vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, ti\u1ec1n c\u1ecdc, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh,… C\u00e1c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho m\u1ed9t b\u00ean kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                                                        \n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                        (ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi Transfer)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                        C\u00f3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean th\u1ea5p<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        Share li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba chia s\u1ebb l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch n\u1ebfu c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i x\u1ea3y ra. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng chia s\u1ebb bao g\u1ed3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c, nh\u00f3m, c\u00f4ng ty, ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean doanh nh\u1eb1m chia s\u1ebb c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                                                        \n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                        \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        C\u00f3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean th\u1ea5p<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        Escalate l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p khi nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c sponsor \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \/ c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Project Manager.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        R\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c escalated s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u1edf c\u1ea5p program, portfolio ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, ch\u1ee9 KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i \u1edf c\u1ea5p d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \/ c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1ebfu m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \/ c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i x\u1ea3y ra.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \/ c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t th\u00eam sau khi b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i trong risk register.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                                                        \n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                        \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        C\u00f3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean th\u1ea5p<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        Ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \/ c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng KH\u00d4NG c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \/ c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \/ c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i theo b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        S\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                                        		\n

                                                                        Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn t\u00edch c\u1ef1c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, bao g\u1ed3m th\u1eddi gian, ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda ho\u1eb7c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra (contingency reserves).<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        Ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                                                        \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                          \n
                                                                        • <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                          M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ea3y ra. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u1ee7i ro, nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c milestones quan tr\u1ecdng).<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                          C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng (contingency plans ho\u1eb7c fallback plans) v\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                          Risk register<\/u><\/strong><\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt qua quy tr\u00ecnh <\/u><\/strong>l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                            \n
                                                                          • <\/strong>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                          • <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                            <\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i sau khi l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 cho m\u1ed9t r\u1ee7i ro. Sau khi ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 avoided, exploited, mitigated, enhanced, transferred, shared, escalated, v\u00e0 accepted r\u1ee7i ro (v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng li\u00ean quan), v\u1eabn s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t trong su\u1ed1t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 xem li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i hay kh\u00f4ng (v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng). M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n tr\u00ean \u00f4 t\u00f4. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 trong m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 tai n\u1ea1n \u00f4 t\u00f4, tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch v\u1eabn c\u00f2n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ecdng.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                            – Secondary risks (R\u1ee7i ro th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p):<\/strong> L\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 r\u1ee7i ro m\u1edbi n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn. Nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro.<\/p>\n

                                                                            – Contingency plans:<\/strong> L\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u1ebfu c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n

                                                                            – Fallback plans: <\/strong>L\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng (Contingency plans)<\/strong> kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

                                                                            <\/strong> M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 Project Manager kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u0169ng v\u1eady . M\u1ed7i r\u1ee7i ro ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd:<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                            + Gi\u00fap d\u1eabn d\u1eaft qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                            + \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                            + Risk owner c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                            <\/strong>: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng (Contingent responses). C\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o s\u1edbm cho m\u1ed7i r\u1ee7i ro trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 risk owner bi\u1ebft khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                            <\/strong>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, Project Manager n\u00ean ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro, \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi v\u00e0o risk register.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                            <\/strong> D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng cho th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00fang.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                            <\/p>\n

                                                                            Tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro t\u1eeb X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ebfn L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3<\/span><\/em>\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

                                                                            6.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

                                                                            Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ri\u00eang l\u1ebb.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                            <\/em><\/strong>. M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n d\u00e0nh n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ghi v\u00e0o risk register v\u00e0 risk report, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro. Ch\u1ec9 khi c\u00e1c risk owner \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn th\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro chung c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ri\u00eang l\u1ebb m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                            Risk register<\/u><\/strong><\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt qua quy tr\u00ecnh <\/u><\/strong>th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                              \n
                                                                            • <\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb m\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y. <\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                            • <\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 d\u00e0nh cho r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                            • Risk register v\u00e0 Risk report \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Project Manager b\u1ed5 sung th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                              7.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

                                                                              Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn, theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro m\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong su\u1ed1t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

                                                                              \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u1ea7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i hay l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng quy tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro. Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem:<\/p>\n

                                                                                \n
                                                                              • C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
                                                                              • M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/li>\n
                                                                              • Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ra sao?<\/li>\n
                                                                              • R\u1ee7i ro m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t sinh l\u00e0m sao?<\/li>\n
                                                                              • Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 c\u00f2n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
                                                                              • C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
                                                                              • C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/li>\n
                                                                              • C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng (contingency reserves) cho chi ph\u00ed ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ra sao?<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                              • Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c quy tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro bao g\u1ed3m:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                                  \n
                                                                                • Workarounds<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                  Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u1eefa, nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00fang theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf (Workarounds).<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                                  Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng (contingency responses) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc (c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch), c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf (Workarounds) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn – accepted). Project Manager KH\u00d4NG<\/strong> th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra workarounds.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                                    \n
                                                                                  • Risk Reassessments – T\u00e1i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                    \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch hay kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng khi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t r\u1ee7i ro m\u1edbi, r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed5 sung v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro m\u1edbi v\u00e0 \/ ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro.\u00a0<\/p>\n

                                                                                    C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong quy tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t <\/u><\/strong>r\u1ee7i ro<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                                      \n
                                                                                    • Risk audit: <\/strong>Risk audit l<\/strong>\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro. Project Manager ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n risk audit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c risk audit v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 hay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro, ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp risk audit ri\u00eang.<\/li>\n
                                                                                    • Risk reviews: <\/strong>C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean l\u1ecbch th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                      – \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi h\u1ecdp d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ecdp ri\u00eang, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro.<\/p>\n

                                                                                      – \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro m\u1edbi (bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn), \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t sinh do r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n r\u00fat ra \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

                                                                                      Risk register<\/u><\/strong><\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt qua quy tr\u00ecnh <\/u><\/strong>gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                                        \n
                                                                                      • <\/strong>C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m th\u00eam r\u1ee7i ro m\u1edbi, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt r\u1ee7i ro h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro,…<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                                      • <\/strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro ri\u00eang l\u1ebb quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                        – Risk report c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u00e0 risk owner, c\u00e1c k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb. <\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                                        – Risk report c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn t\u1eeb risk audit<\/strong> v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                                        Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

                                                                                        Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sai l\u1ea7m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i:<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                                          \n
                                                                                        • Quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                                        • R\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Monte Carlo, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                                        • Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro k\u1ebft th\u00fac qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn (20 r\u1ee7i ro) thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng (h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m r\u1ee7i ro).<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                                        • Th\u00eam kho\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i v\u1ea1 (padding) m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111i qua quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                                        • Quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro th\u00f4ng qua quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1eebng tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro (c\u00f3 ri\u00eang m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro).<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                                        • C\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 chung chung ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                                        • B\u1ecf qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c r\u1ee7i ro (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng,…).<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                                        • Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng checklist) ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi nhau. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ee7i ro h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                                        • L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ngay chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                                        • Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                                        • Project Manager kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro cho nh\u00f3m trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                                                        • C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd k\u1ebft r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                          T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

                                                                                          Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                                          T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3:\u00a0Masterskills<\/strong>\u00a0–\u00a0Pass PMP 5 Above Target<\/em>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                                          References:\u00a0PMBOK 6th edition, Rita 09, PMI.org<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

                                                                                          \u00a0<\/p>\n

                                                                                          :<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                                          <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                                          M\u1eccI CHU\u1ea8N B\u1eca V\u1ec0 PMP<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                                          C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef d\u1ec5 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn trong b\u00e0i thi PMP\u00a0v\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u<\/p>\n

                                                                                          7 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro – Seven risk management principles<\/p>\n

                                                                                          Kinh nghi\u1ec7m pass PMI-RMP (Risk Management Professional) sau 5 tu\u1ea7n – B\u00ed k\u00edp thi \u0110\u1eacU PMI-RMP ngay l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, l\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p<\/p>\n

                                                                                          R\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c l\u00e0 g\u00ec? What is Constraint in PMP?<\/p>\n

                                                                                          The Standard for Risk Management in Portfolios, Programs, and Projects<\/p>\n

                                                                                          \n
                                                                                          \u00a0<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                                                                          Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro (risk management) gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c \u00edt x\u1ea3y ra h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i nguy<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[250],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37587"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37587"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37587\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":69298,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37587\/revisions\/69298"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37587"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37587"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37587"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}