{"id":37616,"date":"2023-12-08T23:39:00","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T23:39:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/float-la-gi-va-cach-tinh-float-trong-ky-thi-pmp.html"},"modified":"2023-12-24T21:47:41","modified_gmt":"2023-12-24T14:47:41","slug":"float-la-gi-va-cach-tinh-float-trong-ky-thi-pmp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/float-la-gi-va-cach-tinh-float-trong-ky-thi-pmp.html","title":{"rendered":"Float l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh Float trong k\u1ef3 thi PMP"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i Float<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    \n
  • <\/u><\/strong>: l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n ng\u00e0y k\u1ebft th\u00fac d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t milestone, trong khi v\u1eabn tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft th\u00fac trong 3 th\u00e1ng). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i Float ch\u00ednh, khi nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn Float th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta ng\u1ea7m hi\u1ec3u \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 Total Float.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n
  • <\/u><\/strong>: l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n ng\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t (Early Start – s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u ngay d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y) c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebf nhi\u1ec7m (successor activities) trong khi v\u1eabn tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9. D\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng KH\u00d4NG n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n – Critical Path.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • <\/u><\/strong>: l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n ng\u00e0y ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n do kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \/ ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 Project Manager \u0111\u00e3 cam k\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    <\/strong><\/h2>\n

    Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n (Critical Path Method – CPM) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111i<\/span> \u0111\u00fang ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9. Khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Network Diagram c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n (Critical Path), \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u00e0 khi c\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> th\u1eddi gian (duration<\/span>) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd v\u1ec1 Critical Path l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n. S\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o<\/strong><\/span> tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n<\/strong>, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0<\/span> Critical<\/span> Path (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng quan tr\u1ecdng).<\/span><\/p>\n

    Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Critical Path th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 Float b\u1eb1ng 0. Khi c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Critical Path b\u1ecb tr\u1ec5 ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u00e1p ng\u00e0y ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u1ed5ng duration c\u1ee7a Critical Path l\u00e0 100 ng\u00e0y, ng\u00e0y ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u1ecb \u00e1p xu\u1ed1ng<\/span> l\u00e0 90 ng\u00e0y) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn float b\u1ecb \u00e2m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 Project Manager c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

    (:\u00a010 m\u1eb9o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng)<\/em><\/p>\n

    <\/strong><\/h2>\n

    Con s\u1ed1 float s\u1ebd cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau th\u1eddi gian linh ho\u1ea1t cho m\u1ed7i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u00f4i khi, trong l\u00fac l\u00e0m b\u00e0i thi<\/span> PMP, \u0111\u1ec1 thi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea9m ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con s\u1ed1 Float, nh\u01b0ng \u0111a s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh to\u00e1n th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. Float \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

    Float = Late start (LS) – Early start (ES)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/strong><\/p>\n

    <\/strong>–<\/strong><\/p>\n

    <\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • <\/strong>: L\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. M\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong network diagram s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1edbm n\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 (c\u00f9ng thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng) c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1edbm. N\u1ebfu ng\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb d\u1eddi, s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn cho ng\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb d\u1eddi theo.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • <\/strong>: L\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd k\u1ebft th\u00fac n\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1edbm (early start) v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o b\u1ecb tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • <\/strong>: L\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian mu\u1ed9n nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi Critical Path, th\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1ea5t mu\u1ed9n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n <\/span>– nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • <\/strong>: L\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian mu\u1ed9n nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Critical Path, trong khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1edbm (early start, early finish), th\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac r\u1ea5t mu\u1ed9n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng khi\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1ecb tr\u1ec5.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      <\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      • Critical path l\u00e0 Start-A-B-C-Finish v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng duration l\u00e0 (6 + 5 + 7) = 18.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • M\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 Start-D-C-Finish c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng duration l\u00e0 (2 + 7) = 9. Ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi Critical Path, do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u khi l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y (tr\u1eeb C, v\u00ec C n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean Critical Path).<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Khi tri\u1ec3n khai ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng D v\u1edbi early start v\u00e0 early finish th\u00ec D c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1edbm h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi A, B, v\u00e0 C. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111ang d\u00e0nh cho D s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng s\u1edbm.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed n\u1ebfu D c\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1 tr\u1ec5 \u0111i n\u1eefa th\u00ec ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o (v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 D ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi Critical Path).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

        <\/strong><\/h3>\n

        Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Forward pass <\/strong>\u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra early start v\u00e0 early finish. Khi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m xong, ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Backward pass <\/strong>\u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm late<\/span> start v\u00e0 late finish. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho network diagram tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p cho ch\u00fang ta nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. M\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00fa c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ES, EF, LS, LF nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

          \n
        • <\/strong>: B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi Critical Path v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc qua m\u1ed7i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean network diagram ph\u00eda tr\u00ean. C\u00f3 ba b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 sau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra early start v\u00e0 early finish:<\/span>\n
            \n
          • 1. Ng\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (A) l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y 1, n\u00ean ES (early start) c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 1<\/strong>. Ng\u00e0y k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (A) l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y 6, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 EF (early finish) c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0o s\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng ES c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi duration c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 tr\u1eeb \u0111i 1. V\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng A<\/span> (\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> Start-A-B-C-Finish<\/span>) th\u00ec<\/span> c\u00f3 ES = 1 v\u00e0 EF = 1 + 6 – 1 = 6.<\/span> S\u1edf d\u0129 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 \u201c-1\u201d trong c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean l\u00e0 v\u00ec early start t\u00ednh l\u00e0<\/strong> \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y<\/strong>, c\u00f2n early finish t\u00ednh l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y<\/strong>; n\u1ebfu ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng A k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 1 ng\u00e0y th\u00ec early start l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y 1 v\u00e0 early finish l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y 1, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ES c\u00f9ng EF \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 1.<\/li>\n
          • 2.<\/strong> B\u00e2y gi\u1edd h\u00e3y chuy\u1ec3n sang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfp theo tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> Start-A-B-C-Finish,<\/span> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng B trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng B c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngay sau khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng A k\u1ebft th\u00fac, v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra ES, l\u1ea5y EF c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng 1. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi <\/span>ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng B, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh ES = 6 + 1 = 7 v\u00e0 EF = 7 + 5 – 1 = 11.<\/span><\/li>\n
          • 3.<\/strong> Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng C c\u00f3 hai ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 B v\u00e0 D. V\u1eady ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng EF c\u1ee7a B hay D \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh ES cho C? V\u00ec C kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u1ea3 B v\u00e0 D \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, v\u00ec v\u1eady h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 EF tr\u1ec5 nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm ra EF c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng D (ES c\u1ee7a <\/span>D l\u00e0 1<\/span> v\u00ec l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, v\u00ec v\u1eady EF c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 1 + 2 – 1 = 2). B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng C v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ES c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. EF c\u1ee7a <\/span>ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng D l\u00e0 2, nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n EF c\u1ee7a B l\u00e0 11, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng C th\u00ec l\u1ea5y EF c\u1ee7a B \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh ES cho C. Do<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng C c\u00f3 ES = 11 + 1 = 12 v\u00e0 EF = 12 + 7 – 1 = 18.<\/span><\/li>\n
          • L\u01b0u \u00fd, khi m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m, th\u00ec h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 EF l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ES c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
          • <\/strong> finish v\u00e0 late<\/strong>: Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Backward Pass v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t network diagram c\u1ee7a v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra late start v\u00e0 late finish cho m\u1ed7i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span>\n
              \n
            • Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ec5 nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac, v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng tr\u00ean Critical Path lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh Backward Pass v\u1edbi Critical Path, sau \u0111\u00f3 quay ng\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp theo, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp theo, v.v., cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111i\u1ec1n LS v\u00e0 LF cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u01b0ng l\u01b0u \u00fd khi \u0111i\u1ec1n LF v\u00e0 LS cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1n LS v\u00e0 LF r\u1ed3i th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1n n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/li>\n
            • 1.<\/strong> B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Critical Path, v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng C c\u00f3 LF (late finish) c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi EF. T\u00ednh LS (late start)<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y LF tr\u1eeb cho duration v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng 1, do \u0111\u00f3 LS = 18 – 7 + 1 = 12.<\/span><\/li>\n
            • 2.<\/strong> B\u00e2y gi\u1edd chuy\u1ec3n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Critical Path<\/span> – trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng B. LF c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 LS c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng C tr\u1eeb \u0111i 1, v\u00ec v\u1eady<\/span> ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng B c\u00f3 LF = 12 – 1 = 11. T\u00ednh LS c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 theo c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 b\u01b0\u1edbc 1: LS = 11 – 5 + 1 = 7.<\/span><\/li>\n
            • 3.<\/strong> B\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng A. LF c\u1ee7a A b\u1eb1ng LS c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng B tr\u1eeb \u0111i 1, do \u0111\u00f3<\/span> ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng A c\u00f3 LF = 7 – 1 = 6. V\u00e0 LS b\u1eb1ng LF tr\u1eeb duration c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi 1, do \u0111\u00f3 LF = 6 – 6 + 1 = 1.<\/span><\/li>\n
            • 4.<\/strong> B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n sang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp theo, Start-D-C-Finish. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp theo, v.v., \u0111i\u1ec1n LF v\u00e0 LS cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o n\u00e0o ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1n.<\/span><\/li>\n
            • L\u01b0u \u00fd, khi m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 LS th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n LF c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u00a0<\/p>\n

              V\u00ed d\u1ee5 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebf nhi\u1ec7m – Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng D. V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m – Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng H.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

              <\/strong><\/h3>\n

              \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi network diagram cho s\u1eb5n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

              Free float c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng G <\/span><\/p>\n

              = Early Start c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng E \u2013 Early Finish c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng G \u2013 1<\/span><\/p>\n

              = 6 – 3 – 1 <\/span><\/p>\n

              = 2<\/span><\/p>\n

              \u00a0<\/p>\n

              Total float c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng G <\/span><\/p>\n

              = Late Finish c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng G \u2013 Early Finish c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng G<\/span><\/p>\n

              = 18 – 3<\/span><\/p>\n

              = 15<\/span><\/p>\n

              Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y r\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi gian Free Float cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng G l\u00e0 2 ng\u00e0y, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 G c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb tr\u1ec5 2 ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t (early start) c\u1ee7a E. V\u00e0 total float c\u1ee7a G l\u00e0 15 ng\u00e0y, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 G c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb tr\u1ec5 15 ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi khi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1ecb tr\u1ec5.<\/span><\/p>\n

              C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t:<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
                \n
              • <\/strong>: <\/span>\n
                  \n
                • EF = ES + duration – 1 <\/span><\/li>\n
                • ES (successor) = max predecessors\u2019 (EFs+Lags) + 1<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                • <\/strong>: <\/span>\n
                    \n
                  • LF (last activities before finish) = max these EFs <\/span><\/li>\n
                  • LS = LF – duration + 1 = LF – (duration -1) <\/span><\/li>\n
                  • LF (predecessor) = min successors\u2019 (LSs-Lags) – 1<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                  • <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/em><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • Successor: ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebf nhi\u1ec7m\/ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfp theo\/ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u1ec1n sau<\/em><\/li>\n
                    • Predecessor: ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m\/ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      (WBS Work Breakdown Structure l\u00e0 g\u00ec?)<\/em><\/p>\n

                      <\/strong><\/h2>\n

                      Khi ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra Critical Path, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u1edbi n\u00f3. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1eefu \u00edch nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u00e0 t\u00ednh Float cho t\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra Float cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o trong Network Diagram. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Float c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh h\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Forward Pass v\u00e0 Backward Pass.<\/span><\/p>\n

                      \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta vi\u1ebft ra danh s\u00e1ch t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o l\u00e0 Critical Path. Float cho m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean Critical Path l\u00e0 0<\/strong>. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1edbi Network Diagram b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi:<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

                      1.C\u00f3 3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong network diagram n\u00e0y:<\/span><\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • Start \u2192 A \u2192 B \u2192 C \u2192 Finish = 11 (\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 Critical Path v\u00ec c\u00f3 duration l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t)<\/span><\/li>\n
                      • Start \u2192 D \u2192 E \u2192 Finish = 7<\/li>\n
                      • Start \u2192 D \u2192 F\u2192 G \u2192 Finish = 8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        2. Float c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean Critical Path l\u00e0 0.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

                        3. T\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp theo<\/strong>. L\u1ea5y duration c\u1ee7a Critical Path tr\u1eeb cho duration c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 float c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ri\u00eang l\u1ebb n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> n\u00e0y. <\/span>B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed7i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb tr\u1ec5 bao nhi\u00eau tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00e0m tr\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

                        4. L\u00e0m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp theo<\/strong>, v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cho ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a network diagram. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111i\u1ec1n v\u00e0o float cho m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng!<\/span><\/p>\n

                        5. L\u01b0u \u00fd, khi \u0111i\u1ec1n Float cho t\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1n r\u1ed3i th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1n n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

                        <\/strong><\/h2>\n

                        C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh NHANH float c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/span><\/p>\n

                        <\/strong><\/p>\n

                        <\/strong><\/p>\n

                        <\/strong>: Float c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng A b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng duration c\u1ee7a Critical Path tr\u1eeb \u0111i duration c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng A. V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh Float cho m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t nhanh, gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian khi l\u00e0m b\u00e0i thi PMP.<\/span><\/p>\n

                        <\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        1. C\u00f3 3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong network diagram n\u00e0y:<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                            \n
                          • Start \u2192 A \u2192 B \u2192 C \u2192 Finish = 11 (\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 Critical Path v\u00ec c\u00f3 duration l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t)<\/span><\/li>\n
                          • Start \u2192 D \u2192 E \u2192 Finish = 7<\/li>\n
                          • Start \u2192 D \u2192 F\u2192 G \u2192 Finish = 8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                              \n
                            1. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh Float cho A, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a A l\u00e0 Start \u2192 A \u2192 B \u2192 C \u2192 Finish: <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                              \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Float (A)<\/strong> = Critical path duration – longest path (A) = 11 – 11 = 0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

                                \n
                              1. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh Float cho B, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a B l\u00e0 Start \u2192 A \u2192 B \u2192 C \u2192 Finish: <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Float (B)<\/strong> = Critical path duration – longest path (B) = 11 – 11 = 0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                1. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh Float cho C, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a C l\u00e0 Start \u2192 A \u2192 B \u2192 C \u2192 Finish: <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                  \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Float (C)<\/strong> = Critical path duration – longest path (C) = 11 – 11 = 0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

                                    \n
                                  1. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh Float cho D, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a D l\u00e0 Start \u2192 D \u2192 F\u2192 G \u2192 Finish = 8: <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Float (D)<\/strong> = Critical path duration – longest path (D) = 11 – 8 = 3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \n
                                    1. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh Float cho E, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a E l\u00e0 Start \u2192 D \u2192 E \u2192 Finish = 7: <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                      \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Float (E)<\/strong> = Critical path duration – longest path (E) = 11 – 7 = 4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

                                        \n
                                      1. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh Float cho F, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a F l\u00e0 Start \u2192 D \u2192 F\u2192 G \u2192 Finish = 8: <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                        \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Float (F)<\/strong> = Critical path duration – longest path (F) = 11 – 8 = 3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

                                          \n
                                        1. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh Float cho G, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a G l\u00e0 Start \u2192 D \u2192 F\u2192 G \u2192 Finish = 8: <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                          \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Float (G)<\/strong> = Critical path duration – longest path (G) = 11 – 8 = 3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

                                          <\/strong><\/p>\n

                                          <\/strong><\/h2>\n

                                          Total float, free float, project float l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Project manager c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi PMP, float c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch, hy v\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng \u201cm\u1eb9o\u201d nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m kha kh\u00e1 th\u1eddi gian trong l\u00fac l\u00e0m b\u00e0i thi.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                          \u00a0\u00a0T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3:\u00a0Masterskills, Trainer\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

                                          References:\u00a0<\/span><\/em>Head First PMP 4,\u00a0<\/em>Rita PMP 9,\u00a0<\/em>PMStudycircle<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

                                          \u00a0<\/p>\n

                                          :<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                          Free Float v\u00e0 Total Float c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nhau kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/p>\n

                                          \n
                                          \n

                                          <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

                                          C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef d\u1ec5 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn trong b\u00e0i thi PMP\u00a0v\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u<\/span><\/p>\n

                                          T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n trong \u0111\u1ec1 thi PMP<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

                                          \n
                                          So s\u00e1nh\u00a0Accuracy v\u00e0\u00a0Precision<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                          Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian linh ho\u1ea1t v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 khi l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1eb1m \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Float, l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \/ m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n m\u00e0 KH\u00d4NG l\u00e0m tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c, ng\u00e0y k\u1ebft th\u00fac d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ho\u1eb7c vi ph\u1ea1m m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9. M\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Float \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Slack, tuy nhi\u00ean hi\u1ebfm khi thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong b\u00e0i thi PMP.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[250],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37616"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37616"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37616\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":69319,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37616\/revisions\/69319"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37616"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37616"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37616"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}