{"id":37649,"date":"2023-12-08T23:39:32","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T23:39:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/cac-nguyen-tac-cua-pmo.html"},"modified":"2023-12-24T21:47:55","modified_gmt":"2023-12-24T14:47:55","slug":"cac-nguyen-tac-cua-pmo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/cac-nguyen-tac-cua-pmo.html","title":{"rendered":"C\u00c1C NGUY\u00caN T\u1eaeC C\u1ee6A PMO"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

<\/strong><\/strong>L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c Ph\u00f2ng Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd D\u1ef1 \u00e1n (PMOs) \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Ph\u00f2ng ban n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb k\u00e8m theo v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c PMO \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

Qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c trong PMO. K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Do \u0111\u00f3, cu\u1ed1n c\u1ea9m nang b\u1ecf t\u00fai n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c PMO nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh theo c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.<\/em><\/p>\n

H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, cu\u1ed1n c\u1ea9m nang n\u00e0y c\u00f2n cho bi\u1ebft \u2018l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3\u2019 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c PMO v\u00e0 \u2018top 10\u2019 vai tr\u00f2 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u00fd v\u1eeba n\u00eau (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd); b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p con c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t PMO n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u00f3 t\u00ednh quy chu\u1ea9n chung trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac s\u1ebd b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Cu\u1ed1n c\u1ea9m nang b\u1ecf t\u00fai n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 PMO b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u2018l\u0103ng k\u00ednh\u2019 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 PMO h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c suy tho\u00e1i c\u1ee7a PMO. PMO trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u2013 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c\u2019. N\u00f3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a khu tr\u01b0\u1ee3t tuy\u1ebft, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc.<\/em> Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong cu\u1ed1n c\u1ea9m nang n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y \u00fd ngh\u0129a cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1c ho\u1ea1, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t PMO m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1n c\u1ea9m nang n\u00e0y d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp PMO v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n \u1edf PMO, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd PMO v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n trong PMO.<\/p>\n


<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 AIPMO<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (AIPMO) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea7m c\u1ee1 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn d\u1eaft b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1. Vi\u1ec7c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i d\u00e0nh cho cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai tham gia v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho vi\u1ec7c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p trong kinh doanh, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c v\u00e0 suy tho\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ph\u00f2ng Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd D\u1ef1 \u00e1n (PMOs).<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a AIPMO l\u00e0 n\u00e2ng t\u1ea7m hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao cho PMO \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb, nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p, th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a PMO v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean Kh\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a IPMO\u00a0<\/p>\n

AIPMO t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng IPMO (IPMO-F), ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh IPMO (IPMO-P), v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 chuy\u00ean gia IPMO (IPMO-E).\u00a0<\/p>\n

3 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o Kh\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a IPMO bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p khung v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a IPMO.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1eady nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ni\u1ec1m tin, h\u00e0nh vi ho\u1eb7c chu\u1ed7i l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, m\u1ed7i nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc d\u00e0nh cho PMO cung c\u1ea5p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a PMO, h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t bao l\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c cho m\u1ecdi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong PMO, c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0? N\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 thi kh\u00f4ng? M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, h\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t PMO m\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c bao h\u00e0m nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t sinh \u1edf ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c n\u00e0o ngay l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ta x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng PMO s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u cho m\u1ecdi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng. S\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc s\u1ebd gia t\u0103ng khi vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 (PPM), m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf H\u00ecnh 1.<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 1: Quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00edch nghi.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cao \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 mong mu\u1ed1n, sau \u0111\u00f3 trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, khi c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u1ea3y ra, nh\u1eefng quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

Trong vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 thi v\u00e0 phi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. Vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u quy tr\u00ecnh mang t\u00ednh r\u1ee7i ro cao, \u00edt ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng cho m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00ean xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 PMO c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cao \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Ch\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u0169ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn trong PMO v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p cao v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn, c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a PMO c\u1ea7n th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u cho nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m trong lu\u1ed3ng ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u \u1edf PMO v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng; h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp chu tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9p; b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kinh doanh; qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Stephen Covey (Covey 1992) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t, t\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n

7 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng 3 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y.\u00a0<\/p>\n

T\u00cdNH PH\u1ed4 QU\u00c1T:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng PMO kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u0111ang cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

T\u1ef0 KI\u1ec2M CH\u1ee8NG:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u01af\u1ee2C CHO PH\u00c9P:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng th\u1eed th\u00e1ch v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n


<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

NGUY\u00caN T\u1eaeC 1 –\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>S\u1ef1 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5p cao<\/strong><\/span>
<\/h2>\n

Ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a PMO \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u1eeb qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5p cao.<\/em><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5p cao l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 72 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (Khan 2012). Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng PMO c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n t\u1eeb qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5p cao.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a PMO, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap cho nh\u1eefng PMO tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 th\u00ec c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a PMO (xem th\u00eam \u1edf Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 2). L\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t, nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 PMO \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 tham gia gi\u1eefa qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5p cao v\u00e0 PMO. Ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n, s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 cho PMO l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 PMO \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea1m vi quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 PMO c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea1m vi quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a PMO. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf H\u00ecnh 2, n\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 PMO l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn PMO. \u0110\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p PMO, nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 PMO s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n \u1edf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5p cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 PMO. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed9t PMO c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho chi ph\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 giao ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u PMO n\u1eb1m trong domain c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y\/c\u00f4 \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 2: Khung nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Khi vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ri\u00eang l\u1ebb nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5p cao, h\u1ecd (nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a PMO (b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i ph\u00eda tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u00ecnh 2) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a PMO. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5p cao tham gia t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 cho m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 th\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 sau n\u00e0y (ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a H\u00ecnh 2).<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n


<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

NGUY\u00caN T\u1eaeC 2 –\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft trong qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb<\/strong><\/span>
<\/h2>\n

C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t PMO \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c cho vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh do m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh (OECD 2004). Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb bao h\u00e0m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (M\u00fcller ). H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf m\u1ed7i c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t PMO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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Nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a PMO<\/strong><\/p>\n

(b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho PMO)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p>\n

(b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a PMO)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a PMO trong vi\u1ec7c \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n cho PMO<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nh\u1eefng th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c quy tr\u00ecnh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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L\u00ean b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a PMO<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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T\u1ea1o ra ho\u1eb7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt nh\u1eefng giao ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a PMO<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng giao ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a PMO<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Tham gia c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan trong to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t, v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n cu\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n (phase gate)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cu\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n (phase gate)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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\u0110\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng (KPIs)\/c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh KPIs<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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T\u1ea1o ra\/c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1\/ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

C\u1ea3 2 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a PMO \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cung c\u1ea5p giao ph\u1ea9m cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan, PMO ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 PMO \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh (xem th\u00eam \u1edf Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 5). \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a PMO \u0111\u1ebfn doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1edf 1, 2 ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 3 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh\/tinh ch\u1ec9nh qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n. PMO c\u1ea7n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n

Khi vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a PMO \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a PMO \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho PMO (Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 1).<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. Khi tri\u1ec3n khai qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, ho\u1eb7c khi nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a PMO \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, PMO ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o li\u00ean k\u1ebft trong qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef li\u00ean k\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

PMO ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng s\u1ebd t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn giao ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u & Ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, thu mua, nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1\u2026<\/p>\n

Trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu \u0111i li\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea5p cao s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n). B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m g\u1eafn v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng vai tr\u00f2 th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5, d\u1eebng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n khi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh doanh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 thi), ho\u1eb7c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a PMO c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn PMO kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam r\u1ee7i ro cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1 trong c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng tin.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/strong><\/p>\n

NGUY\u00caN T\u1eaeC 3 –\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>Th\u00f4ng tin ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u00e0 minh b\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/span>
<\/h2>\n

V\u0103n p<\/em>h\u00f2ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (PMO)<\/em> cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh (nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb) v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng tin ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u00ec c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. S\u1ef1 minh b\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n

PMO cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng. Nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a PMO nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin. C\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4ng tin cung c\u1ea5p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a PMO th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng mong \u0111\u1ee3i kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo t\u1eebng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, PMO ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p minh b\u1ea1ch v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a giao ph\u1ea9m, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng tin ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3) c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p. PMO c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y. Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c (nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n) c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00ec tr\u1ec5\/\u0111\u00fang ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9\u2026).<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o k\u00e8m theo v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t theo nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho th\u1ea5y (v\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1ecb tr\u1ec5). C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb PMO. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ai s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong \u0111i\u1ec3u kho\u1ea3n th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m trong PMO, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cao h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng tin h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho vi\u1ec7c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho vi\u1ec7c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o cho quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh cho quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh th\u00ec sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh chuy\u1ec3n sang ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u2018qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7\u2019.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t kho ch\u1ee9a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5\/d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng cho vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o cho m\u1ed9t PMO nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u00ec c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u1ecfi b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh. Truy c\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt!<\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

NGUY\u00caN T\u1eaeC 4 –\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>Tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c th\u1eed th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

PMO cung c\u1ea5p th\u1eed th\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan, h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.<\/em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1i \u01b0u t\u1eeb m\u1ed7i s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. S\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quan tr\u1ecdng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch thay th\u1ebf \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 th\u1eed th\u00e1ch. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a PMO l\u00e0 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn. Th\u1eed th\u00e1ch th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean quan c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u1edf Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 3).<\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a PMO \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y, c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eed th\u00e1ch m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong PMO trong m\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00e2m ni\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eed th\u00e1ch mang t\u00ednh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m thay th\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. \u2018Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u\u2019 mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c bao h\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu tr\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n th\u00ec hi\u1ebfm khi mang t\u00ednh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Th\u1eed th\u00e1ch mang t\u00ednh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u01b0a nh\u1eefng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n mi\u00eau t\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 3 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 PMO l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eed th\u00e1ch mang t\u00ednh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00e0o m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. \u1ede d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t, PMO c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0ng th\u1eed th\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t checklist d\u00f9ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 checklist v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 m\u1edbi m\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i h\u01a1n m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, b\u00e1n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn th\u1eed th\u00e1ch c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1eabn nhau, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u01a1n vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t checklist. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn th\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng l\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00ec ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ni\u1ec1m tin.<\/p>\n

Khi PMO \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m th\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb k\u00e8m theo h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u1eed th\u00e1ch. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng, PMO c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eed th\u00e1ch c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng th\u1eed th\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1eed th\u00e1ch mang t\u00ednh t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n kh\u00f4ng theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng minh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00e1 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac trong m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 3: Khung th\u1eed th\u00e1ch mang t\u00ednh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 trong PMO v\u00e0 trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a PMO. Nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn c\u00e1c th\u1eed th\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111i\u1ec3m chu\u1ea9n\u2026<\/p>\n

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Nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i n\u00e0o, th\u1eed th\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a PMO v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, PMO c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat lui.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u \u00fd, r\u1eb1ng PMO c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho s\u1ef1 th\u1eed th\u00e1ch tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 trong vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5) t\u1eeb t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/strong><\/p>\n

NGUY\u00caN T\u1eaeC 5 –\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng<\/strong><\/span>
<\/h2>\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi PMO \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00fang nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u00e0 h\u1ecd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5.<\/em><\/p>\n

Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a PMO. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m lo\u1ea1i PMO (Aubry et al. 2012). K\u00edch c\u1ee1, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi PMO th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 PMO \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5. Nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp cho m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng ph\u00f2ng ban ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 4: M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 giao ph\u1ea9m<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Sau khi nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c (\u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi) \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c PMO gi\u1eef s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, PMO s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd C\u1ea5p cao (xem th\u00eam \u1edf Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 1) v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a PMO v\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn nhu c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u \u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Khi nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p cho nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 k\u00e8m theo n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam chi ph\u00ed so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, khi vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0ng h\u1eb3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 di\u1ec5n ra l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, PMO n\u00ean ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u1ea1i sao nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i th\u00ec \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ed7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 h\u1ecd cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng PMO gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0nh vi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd xung \u0111\u1ed9t, v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ef1 leo thang. Qua m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, khi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u01a1 su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a PMO c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u1eb3n, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Khi PMO b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u00ean li\u00ean quan m\u1edbi v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng, vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n (v\u1edbi PMO) c\u00f3 \u00edt gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi PMO tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c th\u1eed th\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady (Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 4), n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c (xem th\u00eam Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 7) nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. N\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra, tuy nhi\u00ean nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t th\u00ec PMO c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c kinh doanh, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng PMO \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

NGUY\u00caN T\u1eaeC 6 –\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>Nh\u1eefng d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/strong><\/span>
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PMO th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p khi tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u00a0gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf h\u00f3a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, PMO nh\u1eadn vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a PMO. PMO c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ra, v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u00edt th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi PMO, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, danh m\u1ee5c, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c PMO bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0m v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, n\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng v\u00ed d\u1ee5. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi tham gia v\u00e0o t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 PMO, th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m h\u01a1n trong PMO. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia c\u1ee7a PMO, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u1ec1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 danh m\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n d\u1eabn d\u1eaft b\u1edfi v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi, th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u00edt kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong PMO \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ed9t PMO c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u1edf Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 5, PMO s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec3n khai khung c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 m\u1eabu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 thi cho PMO \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9ng minh kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong nhi\u1ec1u quy tr\u00ecnh, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t PMO c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i cho to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng minh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi ti\u1ebft. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng minh c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec3n khai khung c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u k\u00edch c\u1ee1.<\/p>\n

\u1ede Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 4, PMO thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u0169ng n\u00ean n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p cho th\u1eed th\u00e1ch mang t\u00ednh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i khi theo d\u00f5i quy tr\u00ecnh, m\u1eabu v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 trong khung c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a PMO v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh, m\u1eabu v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 trong nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n


<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

NGUY\u00caN T\u1eaeC 7 –\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>T\u01b0 duy c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/strong>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

PMO cho th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, h\u01a1n l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 5.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 g\u1eafn v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Kaizen, Shewhart \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp trong chu k\u1ef3 Deming, 6 Sigma v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Crosby c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp trong ISO 9001. Kaizen m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 duy ho\u1eb7c th\u00f3i quen. PMO c\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 duy n\u00e0y c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u00ednh ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea1t n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 5: T\u01b0 duy c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cho m\u1ed7i v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a PMO. \u0110\u00f4i khi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00ednh k\u00e8m.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed cung c\u1ea5p cho d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 (ph\u1ea1m vi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c) ho\u1eb7c cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi \u00edt ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n, v\u00ec v\u1eady ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 b\u00ean trong b\u1edfi PMO, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. Nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 s\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb cho nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng. Duy tr\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn cho d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn m\u1edbi, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi. PMO n\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo th\u1eddi gian c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u00edch nghi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc, bao g\u1ed3m v\u0103n h\u00f3a, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng\u2026kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p. Do \u0111\u00f3, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ed7i thay \u0111\u1ed5i. S\u1ef1 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o\/hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n\/c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u2013 cho c\u1ea3 PMO v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u2013 trong vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. PMO c\u1ea7n c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng tri\u1ec3n khai nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5, gia t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u00e0y, th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong PMO c\u1ea7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a PMO<\/strong><\/span>
<\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd PMO s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9ng minh s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a PMO nh\u1eb1m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 7 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a PMO, PMO c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01a1i m\u00e0 h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd trong khung c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y sang t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c, tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u00edt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 1.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi nhau. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n 1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 thi n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng gia t\u0103ng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc kh\u00e1c. Trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, h\u01a1n 1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a PMO v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, duy tr\u00ec bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a PMO, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

C\u1ea9m nang b\u1ecf t\u00fai n\u00e0y ra \u0111\u1eddi th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/span>
<\/h2>\n

Cu\u1ed1n c\u1ea9m nang b\u1ecf t\u00fai n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft cu\u1ed1n c\u1ea9m nang nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a PMO \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a AIPMO, Robert Joslin \u0111\u00e3 tham gia trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hai b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. Trong su\u1ed1t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 tham gia v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1ec1 s\u00e1ch v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong ph\u1ea7n n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a \u2018qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n\u2019 (Joslin, ), m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda b\u1edfi Ralf M\u00fcller (), m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean thu\u1ed9c ban c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a AIPMO.<\/p>\n

Trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 s\u00e1ch, c\u1ea3 hai t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc trong nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc trong n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 g\u00ec. \u0110\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a AIPMO cho nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a AIPMO PMO. N\u00f3 s\u1edbm tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh minh ch\u1ee9ng trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc luy\u1ec7n thi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a PMO, c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o PMO, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c PMO cung c\u1ea5p l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng sau \u0111\u00f3, Eileen Roden, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tham gia v\u00e0o AIPMO, v\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd d\u1eabn d\u1eaft ban c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a AIPMO, trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi Robert Joslin v\u00e0 Ralf M\u00fcller th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a PMO. Trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, ban c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a AIPMO v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a PMO t\u1eeb h\u01a1n 12 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 tham gia v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed1n c\u1ea9m nang v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a PMO n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 hi v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y v\u00e0 t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p trong c\u1ea3 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a PMO.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a trong t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a AIPMO \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n

Competency (N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c)<\/strong> \u2013 N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n

Capability (Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng)<\/strong> \u2013 Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u0169ng c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

Constructive Challenge (Th\u1eed th\u00e1ch mang t\u00ednh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng)<\/strong> \u2013 Th\u1eed th\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n nh\u1eb1m h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed7i lo c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Data (D\u1eef li\u1ec7u)<\/strong> \u2013 Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ri\u00eang l\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

Effective (T\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c)<\/strong> \u2013 X\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch; t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n

Efficient (T\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf)<\/strong> \u2013 Th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng theo c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 \u00edt l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

Governance (Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb)<\/strong> \u2013 Nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong mu\u1ed1n trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

Governance System (H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb)<\/strong> \u2013 Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trong nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch theo nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Information (Th\u00f4ng tin) <\/strong>\u2013 Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh, tin t\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

PMO \u2013 Project Management Office (Ph\u00f2ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n)<\/strong> \u2013 M\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chung \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb ho\u1eb7c \u0111a th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

PMO Champion<\/strong> \u2013 M\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9, b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh cho PMO nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n cho PMO.<\/p>\n

PMO Maturity<\/strong> \u2013 M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t PMO trong vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n

PMO Sponsor<\/strong> \u2013 M\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 PMO, s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kinh doanh d\u00e0nh cho PMO v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho PMO.<\/p>\n

Service (D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/strong>) \u2013 L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n m\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 \u0111ong \u0111\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

Value (Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb)<\/strong> \u2013 Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c phi t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u1ec1 PMO<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 1<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

S\u1ef1 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5p cao<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a PMO \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u1eeb qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5p cao.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 2<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Li\u00ean k\u1ebft trong qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t PMO \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c cho vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 3<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Th\u00f4ng tin ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u00e0 minh b\u1ea1ch<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Ph\u00f2ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh (nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb) v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 4<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c th\u1eed th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

PMO cung c\u1ea5p th\u1eed th\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan, h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 5<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u00edch nghi<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi PMO \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00fang nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u00e0 h\u1ecd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 6<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

D\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

PMO th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n khi mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 7<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

T\u01b0 duy c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

PMO cho th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: PMO Principles – An AIPMO Pocket Book<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Masterskills<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n


<\/strong><\/p>\n

:<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

PMO l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a PMO trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n?<\/p>\n

26 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a PMO\/26 MOST FREQUENT FUNCTIONS IN PMOs<\/p>\n

30 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a PMO\/30 Potential benefits expected for a PMO<\/p>\n

3 b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0110\u00daNG ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a PMO<\/p>\n


<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u\u00a0 C\u00e1c Ph\u00f2ng Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd D\u1ef1 \u00e1n (PMOs) \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Ph\u00f2ng ban n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb k\u00e8m theo v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[250],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37649"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37649"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37649\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":69356,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37649\/revisions\/69356"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37649"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37649"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37649"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}