{"id":37716,"date":"2023-12-08T23:41:21","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T23:41:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/that-bai-cua-du-an-tac-dong-va-kha-nang-giai-quyet-cua-ban.html"},"modified":"2023-12-11T03:28:47","modified_gmt":"2023-12-11T03:28:47","slug":"that-bai-cua-du-an-tac-dong-va-kha-nang-giai-quyet-cua-ban","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/that-bai-cua-du-an-tac-dong-va-kha-nang-giai-quyet-cua-ban.html","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n: T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ngay c\u1ea3 khi ch\u00fang \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00ec quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t n\u1ed9i t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ed1n g\u1ee3i \u00fd m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. (T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam:\u00a0Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m vi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c nhau? What is the difference between Project Requirements and Project Scope?)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb d\u1ef1 \u00e1n! \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n! \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n! \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n! N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0o, r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 nghe th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u n\u00f3i tr\u00ean ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef1 suy ng\u1eabm. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh khi m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111i sai. Khi t\u00f4i chuy\u1ec3n sang l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n sau khi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh developer \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5 n\u0103m, t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 c\u0169 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng t\u1ed1t khi b\u1ea1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, m\u1eb7c kh\u00e1c khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m, v\u00e0 khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. V\u00e0 theo \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 c\u0169 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Trong h\u01a1n 20 n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t sinh khi b\u1ea1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ngay c\u1ea3 trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n d\u1ec5 nh\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t, d\u00e0y d\u1ea1n kinh nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3, nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t sinh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. V\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7, nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m, thay v\u00ec gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac (EI) c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3 trong khi t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, (c\u00e1c) v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m l\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 (c\u00e1c) v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 cho nh\u00f3m l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i d\u1ec5 h\u01a1n l\u00e0m, ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 d\u00e0y kinh nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 khi m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7, m\u1ecdi con m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed5 d\u1ed3n v\u00e0o b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n tay \u0111ang ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9i, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, (c\u00e1c) v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng \u0111ang c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac (EI) c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu cho nh\u00f3m. V\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng s\u1ebd nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng cao \u0111\u1ed9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng b\u00e0n, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd b\u1eadt ra kh\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u00fang v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n bu\u1ed3n, th\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n bu\u1ed3n b\u00e3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf nh\u00f3m t\u1eadp trung, b\u1ecf ngo\u00e0i tai nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng tin thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra ho\u1eb7c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u1ea3y ra. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng r\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed5 x\u1ebb ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ba \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m ng\u00e0y sau khi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, do t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t sinh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0o s\u1ebd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 linh ho\u1ea1t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1? Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed1n l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh sau: (a) t\u00e1ch nh\u00f3m kh\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n, (b) m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5, (c) m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ea3 trong nh\u00f3m l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 (d) m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m bao g\u1ed3m ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Khi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u1ea3y ra, nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, v\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u00f9ng!!\u201d, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 va v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 (c\u00e1c) v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u00f3. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng, c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c nhau trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn. Nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, trong khi c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng EI ph\u00e1t huy t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nh\u00f3m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft (c\u00e1c) v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i nh\u00f3m, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf tham d\u1ef1 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng tin truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ea1n. Theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh. Ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 gi\u00fap nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng qua nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c k\u00eanh truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p cho nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 nh\u1eefng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00ednh k\u00e8m trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1: (a) ghi l\u1ea1i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, (b) theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 (c) truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 n\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed5 sung, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1ch nh\u00f3m s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Ishikawa, hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u1edbp qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u201c5 whys\u201d, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u00f3m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u201ct\u1ea1i sao\u201d l\u1ea1i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m l\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ea1n \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c xem x\u00e9t l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra, khi n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ng\u0103n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Lean Six Sigma b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eafm b\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 \u201c5 whys\u201d. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u201ct\u1ea1i sao\u201d cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i sao n\u1eefa, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a ra nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 sau khi h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 l\u00fd do \u201ct\u1ea1i sao\u201d l\u1ea1i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m l\u1ea7n. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u201c5 whys\u201d:<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ecm ra nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ecfi:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ecb tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n? H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u xem x\u00e9t b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh mua s\u1eafm.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 trong vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt? Nh\u00f3m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecd ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd k\u1ebft? Nh\u00f3m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng quan tr\u1ecdng. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt di\u1ec5n ra gi\u1eefa l\u00fac b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin ch\u00ednh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed9p h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, nh\u00f3m s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c g\u1eb7p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0u \u00fd \u1edf tr\u00ean, v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01a1i l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o nhanh ch\u00f3ng ch\u1ec9 tay d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5p cao c\u00f3 20 gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 nghe tin nh\u1eafn. B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb sau tin nh\u1eafn ban \u0111\u1ea7u, h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1edb tin nh\u1eafn ban \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7y th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0m hai vi\u1ec7c. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 cho n\u00f3. \u0110\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai nh\u00f3m: m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m th\u1ee9 hai xem x\u00e9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5. Th\u1ee9 hai, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o sau khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Trong b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, (c\u00e1c) v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 nh\u00f3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft ch\u00fang, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Khi nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ho\u1eb7c \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. (T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam\u00a05 m\u1eb9o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a ho\u00e1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i (a) trong su\u1ed1t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, (b) \u1edf cu\u1ed1i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, (c) k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 hai ho\u1eb7c (d) ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng<\/em>. T\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng tin trong b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00eam c\u00e1c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u1edf v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean, nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u00f4ng tin, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng trong quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u00f3m c\u1ea7n xem l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 kh\u1eafc h\u1ecda ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1; \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u00f3m, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft nh\u1eb1m n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u00fang x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

7 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng minh v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea3m x\u00fac cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u1eddi d\u1eabn\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[250],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37716"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37716"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37716\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37716"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37716"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37716"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}