{"id":37758,"date":"2023-12-08T23:42:43","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T23:42:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/work-shadowing-job-shadowing-vs-reverse-shadowing.html"},"modified":"2023-12-11T14:44:01","modified_gmt":"2023-12-11T14:44:01","slug":"work-shadowing-job-shadowing-vs-reverse-shadowing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/work-shadowing-job-shadowing-vs-reverse-shadowing.html","title":{"rendered":"Work shadowing \/ Job shadowing vs. Reverse shadowing"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Work shadowing l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Job shadowing l\u00e0 g\u00ec? <\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Work shadowing<\/strong> (hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 job shadowing<\/strong>) t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u201cN\u00fap b\u00f3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cTheo d\u00f5i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c\u201d. Job shadowing l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c (on-the-job learning), ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, job shadowing l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u01a1i sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 xem li\u1ec7u n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng. Trong job shadowing, m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m cho sinh vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho sinh vi\u00ean \u0111i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m khi h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p, job shadowing li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 gi\u00fap nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean n\u00e0y h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh m\u1edbi li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00e0nh vi ho\u1eb7c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng job shadowing nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u1edbi:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00e1c trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00fap b\u00f3ng (shadow) ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec7m trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a anh ta ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4 ta. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi (shadowing) hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 cam k\u1ebft tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi t\u1ef1 tin h\u01a1n, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn vai tr\u00f2 n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m m\u1ed1i nguy th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p:<\/strong> V\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n cho m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, job shadowing c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ea5p cao \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n:<\/strong> C\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a job shadowing l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n t\u1eeb c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y sang c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, job shadowing c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o:<\/strong> Nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng job shadwoing nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ea5p cao v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb h\u1ecd. N\u00f3 b\u1ed5 sung cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp tr\u00ean l\u1edbp v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ef1c th\u1ee5. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh PMI th\u00ec \u1edf PMI c\u00f3 16 Region (t\u1eeb Region 1 \u0111\u1ebfn Region 16), v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i region s\u1ebd c\u00f3 Region mentor v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 Region shadow mentor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Job shadowing gi\u00fap c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u00fd ki\u1ebfn. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i, v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

    Reverse shadowing l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

    Reverse shadowing t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u201cN\u00fap b\u00f3ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d. Reverse shadowing l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00edt \u1ecfi c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u00fd b\u00e1u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd (kinh nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c) v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \/ l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao.<\/p>\n

    L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a Reverse shadowing l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

    L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a Reverse shadowing \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ea5p cao l\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian trong l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

    Reverse mentoring l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

    Reverse mentoring c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 reverse shadowing. \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c (reverse mentoring) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990 b\u1edfi Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh GE, Jack Welch, khi \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c c\u1ea5p cao c\u1ee7a GE b\u1eaft c\u1eb7p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Internet. Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb mang l\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi sinh ra. Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb n\u00e0y \u0111ang b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kinh doanh quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cao c\u1ea5p. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/p>\n

    Ngu\u1ed3n:<\/em><\/p>\n

      \n
    • https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Job_shadow<\/em><\/li>\n
    • https:\/\/ledgeledgemaverick.com\/the-maverick-approach\/what-works\/reverse\/reverse-shadowing\/<\/em><\/li>\n
    • PMI\u2019s Pulse of the Profession: Capturing the Value of Project Management Through Knowledge Transfer, March 2015<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      <\/strong><\/p>\n

      <\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Knowledge l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 Knowledge management trong PMP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n

      C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef d\u1ec5 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn trong b\u00e0i thi PMP<\/sup>\u00a0v\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Work shadowing l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Job shadowing l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Work shadowing (hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 job shadowing) t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u201cN\u00fap b\u00f3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cTheo d\u00f5i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c\u201d. Job shadowing l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c (on-the-job learning), ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[250],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37758"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37758"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37758\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37758"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37758"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37758"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}