{"id":37774,"date":"2023-12-08T23:43:22","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T23:43:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/do-luong-mang-tinh-chat-quan-trong-trong-cong-viec-du-an-nhung-hay-can-than-voi-bay.html"},"modified":"2023-12-11T22:13:52","modified_gmt":"2023-12-11T22:13:52","slug":"do-luong-mang-tinh-chat-quan-trong-trong-cong-viec-du-an-nhung-hay-can-than-voi-bay","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/do-luong-mang-tinh-chat-quan-trong-trong-cong-viec-du-an-nhung-hay-can-than-voi-bay.html","title":{"rendered":"\u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u01b0ng h\u00e3y c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u1edbi b\u1eaby."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"article-body article-toc\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\">V\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111i \u0111\u00fang h\u01b0\u1edbng (v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan). C\u00e1c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1, l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng ch\u00fang, v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng may, c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3. C\u1ea1m b\u1eaby trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, sai s\u00f3t trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ch\u00fang, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch sai khi truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00e9m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\">Thi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c (Cognitive biases), \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng sai s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, gian l\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec (v\u00f4 minh) \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1ee3i \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng. <em><strong>T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, bi\u1ebft ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ef1 sai kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/em> \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\">Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb li\u00ean quan v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u00e9p \u0111o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t ai s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y. Xem x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 (velocity): s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap nh\u00f3m xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd; nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eb1m chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\">Cho d\u00f9 l\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ho\u1eb7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u, th\u00ec \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n qua \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. <em><strong>M\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1.<\/strong><\/em> Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 ph\u00e9p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i thay v\u00ec con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi trong kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd cho th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 h\u01a1n r\u1eb1ng trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a trong t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\">L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng (r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u) tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c quan s\u00e1t v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng thi\u00ean v\u1ecb, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y n\u00f3 theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadp l\u1edd v\u00e0 gi\u00fap nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n! \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i <em>c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1eafm b\u1eaft h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn trong nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi (cognitive biases) v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf<\/em>. Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa quan h\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 (causation)\u00a0v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan (correlation), hay nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd Simpson trong b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 P ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 mong \u0111\u1ee3i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong \u0111\u1ee3t ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfp theo (release).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\">\u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, v\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n; m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh doanh (business value).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\">C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p di\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. <strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n \u0111o, khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n \u0111o, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong> m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh con m\u1ed3i cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 b\u00f3p m\u00e9o ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch phi logic.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\">Do \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng Mi\u1ec1n Hi\u1ec7u Su\u1ea5t (Performance Domain) mang l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0o. V\u00e0 t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t mong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 sai l\u1ec7ch n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta (so v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd). B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh doanh nh\u01b0 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong><\/strong><strong><\/strong><em><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>T\u1ed4NG H\u1ee2P c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt PMBOK 7th Edition<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\">B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft g\u1ed1c: <em><strong>Measuring is Important for Project Work, but Beware of the Traps<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0by Laurent Thomas, PMBOK Guide-Seventh Edition Development Team member<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[250],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37774"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37774"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37774\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37774"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37774"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37774"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}