{"id":37942,"date":"2023-12-08T23:49:19","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T23:49:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/preventive-action-hanh-dong-phong-ngua.html"},"modified":"2023-12-08T23:49:19","modified_gmt":"2023-12-08T23:49:19","slug":"preventive-action-hanh-dong-phong-ngua","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/preventive-action-hanh-dong-phong-ngua.html","title":{"rendered":"Preventive Action – H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba (Preventive Action) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ra kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea1m vi, ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9, chi ph\u00ed ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1 s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba (Preventive Action)<\/strong> l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

Trong khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c (Corrective Action) li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c sai l\u1ec7ch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf so v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t (performance measurement baseline) ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba (Preventive Action) c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c sai l\u1ec7ch d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra<\/strong> so v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/strong> nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

Bi\u1ebft khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m h\u01a1n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng, n\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn sai l\u1ec7ch so v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

– \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra sau \u0111\u00f3 trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/span><\/h3>\n

– Thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c v\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span><\/h3>\n

– S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai c\u00f3 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1ef1 \u00e1n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3; c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1 s\u1edf. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnhTh\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p (Perform Integrated Change Control). Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t m\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1 s\u1edf, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c, hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \/ \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng qua Ban ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t thay \u0111\u1ed5i (Change Control Board – CCB) ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o tr\u00ean b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba, c\u00e1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi PMI?<\/strong><\/p>\n

PMI lu\u00f4n \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean<\/strong><\/span>. Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 theo s\u00e1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1 s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 cho c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

:<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/sup><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Corrective Action vs. Preventive Action vs. Defect Repair<\/p>\n

Corrective Action – H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba (Preventive Action) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ra kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea1m vi, ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[250],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37942"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37942"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37942\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37942"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37942"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37942"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}