{"id":37989,"date":"2023-12-08T23:51:11","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T23:51:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/stakeholders-trong-quan-ly-du-an-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-24T21:49:00","modified_gmt":"2023-12-24T14:49:00","slug":"stakeholders-trong-quan-ly-du-an-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/stakeholders-trong-quan-ly-du-an-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"Stakeholders trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"article-body article-toc\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">(t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 &#8220;c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan&#8221;)\u00a0l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, nh\u00f3m, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 li\u00ean quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh, danh m\u1ee5c, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n&#8230; ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c danh m\u1ee5c. Stakeholders c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan quan tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Trong ph\u1ea1m vi k\u1ef3 thi PMP<sup><\/sup>,<strong>\u00a0c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan (stakeholders)<\/strong> l\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, nh\u00f3m ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 <strong>\u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng, b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/strong> b\u1edfi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c danh m\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt\"><em>M\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c <strong>Stakeholders <\/strong>c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng?<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">C\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong>Sponsors (C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3)<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f3m cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u00fd v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong>Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (Customers and users)<\/strong> s\u1ebd ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t c\u00e1c giao ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n (SMasterskillsrs)<\/strong> s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n theo h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c kinh doanh (Business partners)<\/strong> s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 kinh doanh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong>C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c (Organizational groups)<\/strong> l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng\/gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng ban (Functional managers)<\/strong> qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, mua s\u1eafm, ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebf to\u00e1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong>C\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1c (Other stakeholders)<\/strong> \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p ho\u1eb7c quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c giao ph\u1ea9m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>Tip:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan trong m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng ban trong 1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam 1 nh\u00e1nh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c! Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf s\u00f3t b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 b\u00ean li\u00ean quan quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Stakeholder c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n theo c\u00e1ch t\u00edch c\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1c trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c (nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kinh doanh, ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb, mua s\u1eafm, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd) v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p, th\u1ea7u ph\u1ee5, &#8230;)&#8230;<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 \u00e1n theo c\u00e1ch t\u00edch c\u1ef1c hay ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">S\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a Stakeholders n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef cho Stakeholders h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (Project Manager) trong m\u1ecdi th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto\" title=\"power-interest_grid_6d0aa5bb73954b22b939d1c74bac978a_grande\" src=\"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/12\/power-interest_grid_6d0aa5bb73954b22b939d1c74bac978a_grande.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Power\/Interest Grid (l\u01b0\u1edbi Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c\/M\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m)<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c stakeholders, trong \u0111\u00f3\u00a0c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo <strong>c\u1ea5p th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd (quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c &#8211; power)<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (quan t\u00e2m &#8211; interest)<\/strong>. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c CAO, M\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m CAO: Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd.<\/strong> V\u1edbi v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean th\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan B, F, H c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. [High power \/ High interest: Manage Closely]\u00a0<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c CAO, M\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m TH\u1ea4P: Gi\u1eef h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng.<\/strong>\u00a0V\u1edbi v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean th\u00ec b\u00ean li\u00ean quan A c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng. [High power \/ Low interest: Keep Satisfied]\u00a0<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c TH\u1ea4P, M\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m CAO: Gi\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin.<\/strong> V\u1edbi v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean th\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan C, E c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin. [Low power \/ High interest: Keep Informed]\u00a0<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c TH\u1ea4P, M\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m TH\u1ea4P: Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t.<\/strong> V\u1edbi v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean\u00a0th\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan D, G c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin. [Low power \/ Low interest: Monitor]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>PMP Tip: \u0110\u1ec1 thi PMP th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n 2-3 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 Power\/Interest grid!<\/em><em><br \/><\/em><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a<\/span> c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan trong m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan n\u00ean tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tham gia v\u00e0o:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>T\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ph\u1ea1m vi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/li>\n<li>X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eb1m trong ban ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t thay \u0111\u1ed5i (Change Control Board &#8211; CCB)<\/li>\n<li>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/li>\n<li>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/li>\n<li>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 15pt;color: #0000ff\"><strong>Stakeholders trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Agile trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m Agile \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. C\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>Tham d\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c giao ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li>L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu r\u1ee7i ro.<\/li>\n<li>Tham gia \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 phase gate review<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c tham gia trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<li>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/li>\n<li>Thu th\u1eadp b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m.<\/li>\n<li>Cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 chuy\u00ean gia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em> c\u1ea7n s\u1edbm ng\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quan tr\u1ecdng<\/em><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 15pt;color: #0000ff\"><strong>Stakeholder Engagement Assessment Matrix l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Stakeholder Engagement Assessment Matrix (Ma tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan)<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ma tr\u1eadn so s\u00e1nh <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tham gia t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tham gia t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c mong mu\u1ed1n<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan. Ma tr\u1eadn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 tham gia c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo t\u1eebng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. C\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m 5 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Unaware (Kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft):<\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Resistant (Kh\u00e1ng c\u1ef1):<\/strong> Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n; v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/li>\n<li><strong>Neutral (Trung l\u1eadp):<\/strong> Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n; nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1ng c\u1ef1 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/li>\n<li><strong>Supportive (H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3):<\/strong> Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n; v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/li>\n<li><strong>Leading (D\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u):<\/strong> Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n; v\u00e0 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Trong <strong>Ma tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan<\/strong> sau \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tham gia c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef &#8220;C&#8221; (vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb &#8220;Current engagement level&#8221;) v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef &#8220;D&#8221; (vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb &#8220;Desired engagement level&#8221;) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i b\u00ean li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Khi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa C v\u00e0 D \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 1 stakeholder n\u00e0o (v\u1edbi v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u1edf h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean th\u00ec Stakeholder 1 v\u00e0 Stakeholder 2). T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec1 ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng\u00a0Ma tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan nh\u1eb1m gia t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gia t\u0103ng x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i Project Manager c\u1ea7n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan (nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan quan tr\u1ecdng), truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng giao ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 b\u00e0n giao d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n. C\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c Stakeholder r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm t\u1eeb khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, ghi ch\u00fa t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin y\u00eau c\u1ea7u li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gia t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><b><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? &#8211; What is Project Management?<\/p>\n<p>Project team\u00a0vs. Project management team<\/p>\n<p>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 &#8211;\u00a0Role of the Project Sponsor<\/p>\n<p>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n &#8211;\u00a0Role of the Functional Manager<\/p>\n<p>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n\u00a0&#8211; Role of the Project Team<\/p>\n<p>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n\u00a0&#8211; Role of the Project Manager<\/p>\n<p>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh &#8211; Role of the Program Manager<\/p>\n<p>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c danh m\u1ee5c &#8211; Role of the Portfolio Manager<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 (t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 &#8220;c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan&#8221;)\u00a0l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, nh\u00f3m, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 li\u00ean quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[250],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37989"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37989"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37989\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":69496,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37989\/revisions\/69496"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37989"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37989"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37989"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}