{"id":3906,"date":"2023-11-29T18:57:56","date_gmt":"2023-11-29T18:57:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/?p=3906"},"modified":"2023-12-14T14:06:10","modified_gmt":"2023-12-14T14:06:10","slug":"thuyet-mo-hinh-lanh-dao-theo-tinh-huong-cua-fiedler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/thuyet-mo-hinh-lanh-dao-theo-tinh-huong-cua-fiedler.html","title":{"rendered":"Thuy\u1ebft m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o theo t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Fiedler"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec? B\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn? Hay t\u1eebng ng\u00e0y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh?<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u0110\u1ecdc h\u1ebft b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Contingency c\u1ee7a Fiedler, v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt phong c\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau.
\nL\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/em>
\nV\u1edbi l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb \u201ccontingency<\/em>\u201d trong \u201ck\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng<\/em>\u201c. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t \u201ccontingency<\/em>\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n m\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt, s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1ch quan.<\/p>\n

N\u1ed9i dung m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh<\/strong><\/h2>\n

L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Fiedler \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Fred Fiedler, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc chuy\u00ean nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960.<\/p>\n

L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y cho r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 phong c\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed1i \u01b0u nh\u1ea5t. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u2013 \u201cphong c\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cgi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng t\u1ed1t\u201d (sau n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng\u201d).<\/p>\n

Phong c\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/strong><\/h2>\n

X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh phong c\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Least-Preferred Co-Worker (LPC) Scale \u2013 Th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o s\u1ef1 \u01b0a th\u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean (xem H\u00ecnh 1).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o n\u00e0y b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hay h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 theo t\u1eebng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u1ed5ng \u0111i\u1ec3m. N\u1ebfu t\u1ed5ng \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n cao, b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o coi tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7. C\u00f2n n\u1ebfu t\u1ed5ng \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea5p, b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Kh\u00f4ng th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n<\/td>\n1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a03\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06\u00a0\u00a0\u00a07\u00a0\u00a0\u00a08<\/td>\nTh\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kh\u00f3 t\u00ednh<\/td>\n1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a03\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06\u00a0\u00a0\u00a07\u00a0\u00a0\u00a08<\/td>\nD\u1ec5 t\u00ednh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i<\/td>\n1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a03\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06\u00a0\u00a0\u00a07\u00a0\u00a0\u00a08<\/td>\nD\u1ec5 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, lo \u00e2u<\/td>\n1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a03\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06\u00a0\u00a0\u00a07\u00a0\u00a0\u00a08<\/td>\nTho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L\u1ea1nh l\u00f9ng<\/td>\n1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a03\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06\u00a0\u00a0\u00a07\u00a0\u00a0\u00a08<\/td>\nG\u1ea7n g\u0169i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n<\/td>\n1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a03\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06\u00a0\u00a0\u00a07\u00a0\u00a0\u00a08<\/td>\nTh\u00fa v\u1ecb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kh\u00f4ng th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn<\/td>\n1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a03\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06\u00a0\u00a0\u00a07\u00a0\u00a0\u00a08<\/td>\nTh\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c<\/td>\n1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a03\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06\u00a0\u00a0\u00a07\u00a0\u00a0\u00a08<\/td>\nS\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/td>\n1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a03\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06\u00a0\u00a0\u00a07\u00a0\u00a0\u00a08<\/td>\nH\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng<\/td>\n1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a03\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06\u00a0\u00a0\u00a07\u00a0\u00a0\u00a08<\/td>\nC\u1edfi m\u1edf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gian tr\u00e1<\/td>\n1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a03\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06\u00a0\u00a0\u00a07\u00a0\u00a0\u00a08<\/td>\nTh\u00e0nh th\u1eadt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kh\u1eaft khe<\/td>\n1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a03\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06\u00a0\u00a0\u00a07\u00a0\u00a0\u00a08<\/td>\n\u00c2n c\u1ea7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Thi\u1ebfu suy ngh\u0129<\/td>\n1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a03\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06\u00a0\u00a0\u00a07\u00a0\u00a0\u00a08<\/td>\nTh\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc k\u1ef9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady<\/td>\n1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a03\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06\u00a0\u00a0\u00a07\u00a0\u00a0\u00a08<\/td>\n\u0110\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hay u s\u1ea7u<\/td>\n1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a03\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06\u00a0\u00a0\u00a07\u00a0\u00a0\u00a08<\/td>\nVui v\u1ebb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hay gi\u1eadn<\/td>\n1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a03\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04\u00a0\u00a0\u00a05\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06\u00a0\u00a0\u00a07\u00a0\u00a0\u00a08<\/td>\nH\u00f2a nh\u00e3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

H\u00ecnh 1: Th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o s\u1ef1 \u01b0a th\u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean<\/em><\/p>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o theo \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, LPC c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c h\u01a1n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Fiedler g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 LPC th\u1ea5p. \u00d4ng cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 t\u1ed1t. H\u1ecd nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u01b0u ti\u00ean th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o theo \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 th\u00ec LPC c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 cao h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 LPC cao. LPC cao t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi trong vi\u1ec7c tr\u00e1nh v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd xung \u0111\u1ed9t. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ba y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n

M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 S\u1ebfp<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u2013 \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 tin m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 trong b\u1ea1n. M\u1ed9t l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m: r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, hay m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. C\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 phi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n

V\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t. B\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n. Fiedler x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 v\u1eeba m\u1ea1nh l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Fiedler<\/strong><\/h2>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh phong c\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2022 H\u00e3y ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.
\n\u2022 \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o trong h\u00ecnh 1 (\u1edf tr\u00ean).
\nTheo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y:
\n\u2022\u00a0T\u1ed5ng \u0111i\u1ec3m cao<\/strong>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 phong c\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng\u00a0m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7<\/strong>.
\n\u2022\u00a0T\u1ed5ng \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea5p<\/strong>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 phong c\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u1ea5y\u00a0c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0m tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u00e3y tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi:
\n\u2022 C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u2013 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t hay kh\u00f4ng?
\n\u2022 C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111ang l\u00e0m c\u00f3 quy tr\u00ecnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng? ho\u1eb7c B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 hay kh\u00f4ng?
\n\u2022 B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh hay y\u1ebfu khi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh?<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 3<\/strong>:\u00a0X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c phong c\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 2 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 xem x\u00e9t: Quan h\u1ec7 L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u2013 Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean (Leader-Member), \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd trong quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, v\u00e0 Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111ang th\u1ef1c c\u00f3. C\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh phong c\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00e0 Fiedler tin r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Quan h\u1ec7 L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o-Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean<\/strong><\/td>\nT\u00ednh ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c<\/strong><\/td>\nM\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9
\nQuy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/strong><\/strong><\/td>\n		Phong c\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
T\u1ed1t<\/td>\nQuy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd<\/td>\nM\u1ea1nh<\/td>\nLPC Th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u1ed1t<\/td>\nQuy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd<\/td>\nY\u1ebfu<\/td>\nLPC Th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u1ed1t<\/td>\nMang t\u00ednh tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\nM\u1ea1nh<\/td>\nLPC Th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u1ed1t<\/td>\nMang t\u00ednh tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\nY\u1ebfu<\/td>\nLPC Cao<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00cdt g\u1eafn k\u1ebft<\/td>\nQuy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd<\/td>\nM\u1ea1nh<\/td>\nLPC Cao<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00cdt g\u1eafn k\u1ebft<\/td>\nQuy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd<\/td>\nY\u1ebfu<\/td>\nLPC Cao<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00cdt g\u1eafn k\u1ebft<\/td>\nMang t\u00ednh tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\nM\u1ea1nh<\/td>\nLPC cao<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00cdt g\u1eafn k\u1ebft<\/td>\nMang t\u00ednh tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\nY\u1ebfu<\/td>\nLPC Th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

H\u00ecnh 2: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh phong c\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng<\/em><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5, h\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n v\u1eeba m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ty m\u1edbi, thay th\u1ebf cho nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1eeba ngh\u1ec9 h\u01b0u t\u1eebng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau th\u00edch. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean tin t\u01b0\u1edfng (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u2013 Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111ang r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p). C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng (c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac\/quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd). Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed (l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o) c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 S\u1ebfp, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n quy\u1ec1n khen th\u01b0\u1edfng hay x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

Phong c\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 LPC cao \u2013 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00ean t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

Ho\u1eb7c, h\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang d\u1eabn d\u1eaft m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean th\u00edch v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng b\u1ea1n (v\u00ec v\u1eady quan h\u1ec7 L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u2013 Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u1ed1t). C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau r\u1ea5t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac\/mang t\u00ednh tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u01a1ng). C\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cao, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh trong vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y phong c\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o l\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 l\u00e0m tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m s\u1ebd l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Fiedler<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00e1i chi\u1ec1u khi b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Fiedler.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u1ec1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u00edt linh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2022 Fiedler cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i phong c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.
\n\u2022 C\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 LPC-th\u1ea5p l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean coi tr\u1ecdng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c mang t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00f4 \u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u0111ang g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n (t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 t\u01b0).<\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Fiedler, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf c\u00f4 \u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o LPC cao \u2013 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00f4 \u1ea5y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t phong c\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c Th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o s\u1ef1 \u01b0a th\u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean (the Least-Preferred CoWorker Scale)<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c r\u1ea5t cao ho\u1eb7c r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh phong c\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, ngay c\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o LPC ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady 50%. Ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u, kh\u00f3 t\u00ednh hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed x\u1ea5u t\u00ednh (th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y) V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng may t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n trong \u0111\u1eddi th\u00f4i, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 LPC-th\u1ea5p (m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c)<\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/em><\/p>\n

L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 phong c\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c phong c\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Fiedler kh\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1eefu \u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m n\u00ean t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec? C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c hay c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 trong \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m?<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, h\u00e3y th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng phong c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh Fiedler c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u201cb\u1ea1n n\u00ean\u201d ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn 100% s\u1ebd c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, h\u00e3y linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec? B\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn? Hay t\u1eebng ng\u00e0y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh? \u0110\u1ecdc h\u1ebft b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Contingency c\u1ee7a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[168,167],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3906"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3906"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3906\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3906"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3906"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3906"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}