{"id":39957,"date":"2023-12-10T01:47:58","date_gmt":"2023-12-10T01:47:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/7-cuon-sach-se-thay-doi-cach-ban-nhin-nhan-ve-the-gioi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-13T08:26:21","modified_gmt":"2023-12-13T08:26:21","slug":"7-cuon-sach-se-thay-doi-cach-ban-nhin-nhan-ve-the-gioi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/7-cuon-sach-se-thay-doi-cach-ban-nhin-nhan-ve-the-gioi.html","title":{"rendered":"7 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c th\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd th\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd y\u00eau nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc hi\u1ec3u th\u1ea5u th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 l\u00e0n gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t b\u1ea1n, khi\u1ebfn t\u00f3c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb th\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda sau v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n h\u00e9t l\u00ean “Woa”<\/em>, y h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 anh ch\u00e0ng Keanu Reeves trong b\u1ed9 phim Ma Tr\u1eadn khi anh ta h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f5 thu\u1eadt Kungfu ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc USB \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn \u1edf c\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau th\u00edch l\u00e0m nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i th\u00edch \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng. Nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1c. V\u00e0 kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc y\u00eau th\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 khi m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch “\u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eb3ng” v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. N\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i “c\u1ef1c kho\u00e1i” c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m tr\u00ed v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u email y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u1ebf n\u00e0o b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed1n t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi t\u00f4i m\u00e0 t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ecdc xong, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do ch\u00fang qu\u00e1 hay m\u00e0 \u0111a ph\u1ea7n v\u00ec ch\u00fang l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i suy ngh\u0129 khi \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, thay v\u00ec ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch y\u00eau th\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00ec t\u00f4i s\u1ebd d\u00e0nh t\u1eb7ng b\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n: 7 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch xo\u00e1y th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ec1 theo m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

1. Stumbling on Happiness (Daniel Gilbert)<\/h2>\n

S\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"Stumbling<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Stumbling on Happiness gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 “\u0111\u1ee9a con ri\u00eang v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf”<\/em> c\u1ee7a “b\u00e0 m\u1eb9”<\/em> l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u1eady. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u s\u00e1ch trong t\u1ee7 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y b\u1edfi v\u00ec v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, s\u00e1ch c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c b\u1ea1n r\u1eb1ng khi m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra, b\u1ea1n ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 qu\u00e1i n\u00e0o c\u1ea3.<\/strong> Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00ec n\u00f3?<\/p>\n

Gilbert l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Harvard c\u00f3 s\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m “\u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3” ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m tr\u00ed con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng c\u0169ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 ra cho b\u1ea1n r\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u00fang ta lu\u00f4n ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, th\u1ee9 khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a Gilbert \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng: h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang ta quan s\u00e1t m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Gilbert \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed7i ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t “h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd” (psychological immune system)<\/em>, v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed7 m\u00e1y ngu ng\u1ed1c \u2013 n\u01a1i t\u00e2m tr\u00ed t\u00ecm ra m\u1ecdi c\u00e1i c\u1edb \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00eanh v\u1ef1c cho nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta theo c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta lu\u00f4n duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t ranh gi\u1edbi v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1eady. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 khi “h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch”<\/em> n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u0169ng s\u1ebd r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i (existential crises).<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

“Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, d\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1eddi gian trong ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y mai m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac…. Tuy nhi\u00ean, “\u0111\u1ee9a con th\u1eddi gian” n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t v\u00f4 \u01a1n. Ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea7n qu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u00fang th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang s\u1ebd th\u00edch v\u00e0 ch\u00fang b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f3c d\u00e0i, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c ra kh\u1ecfi San Francisco v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i b\u0103n kho\u0103n, sao ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngu ng\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang s\u1ebd th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u00edch m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng vi\u00ean m\u00e3n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta”.<\/em><\/p>\n

“C\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf s\u1ebd tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady khi c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady, nh\u01b0ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady v\u00ec h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u00ean th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t, h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch sai l\u1ea7m r\u1eb1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 l\u00e0 hai con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00fap m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac”.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m th\u01b0\u1edfng cho Stumbling on Happiness: \u0110\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch t\u00e2m l\u00fd hay nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u00ed d\u1ecfm nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f3m t\u1eaft trong m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh th\u00ec h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t con ch\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 “khi\u00eam nh\u01b0\u1eddng” kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng \u0111u\u1ed5i theo ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i \u0111u\u00f4i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e3i ch\u1ea3y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tr\u00ean mi\u1ec7ng..<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecdc cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu….<\/strong><\/h3>\n

2. On the Genealogy of Morals (Friedrich Nietzsche)<\/h2>\n

S\u00e1ch n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"Stumbling<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u1ea8n sau t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n xu\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea7y khoa tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u1ed1i n\u00f3i hoa m\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea7y gi\u1eadn d\u1eef, l\u1eddi b\u00e1ng b\u1ed5 tr\u01a1 tr\u1ebdn v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ria m\u00e9p d\u00e0i lo\u1eb1ng ngo\u1eb1ng, Nietzsche vi\u1ebft On the Genealogy of Morals v\u1edbi l\u00fd lu\u1eadn h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 l\u1ea1nh l\u00f9ng. Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi n\u00f3 c\u0169ng th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t. Trong 3 b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 100 trang, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh sau:<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

“Tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 n\u00e0o cho quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0y: r\u1eb1ng quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 \u01b0u th\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 lu\u00f4n h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 \u01b0u th\u1ebf t\u00e2m l\u00fd.<\/em><\/p>\n

“N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y h\u1ed9i”.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m th\u01b0\u1edfng cho On the Genealogy of Morals l\u00e0:<\/strong> n\u00f3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng k\u1ebb y\u1ebfu s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i “t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ch\u00faa”<\/em> n\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tin r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 mang m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Nietzsche qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t “anh ch\u00e0ng” r\u1ea5t c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

3. Antifragile: Things That Gain from Gisorder (Nassim Taleb)<\/h2>\n

S\u00e1ch n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"Stumbling<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u00fd ki\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t th\u00fa v\u1ecb trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i ra m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu h\u01a1n: Taleb nghe gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1m t\u1eed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eafc v\u1eady. N\u1ebfu anh ta ch\u01a1i kh\u0103m c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng phong c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00ec anh ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111o\u1ea1n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ee3n m\u1eaft v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda anh ta ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y h\u1ee7y t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

Taleb c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c. T\u00f4i \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1eb7n k\u1ebd trong kho\u1ea3ng 50 trang. 450 trang kh\u00e1c g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ch\u1ee9ng minh m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1m t\u0129nh trong khi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch vi\u1ec7c m\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng minh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau: c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel, c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u1edf Wall Street, nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o, nh\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, nh\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, soccer moms (nh\u1eefng b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 d\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 l\u00e1i xe ch\u1edf con tham gia t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 thao n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 g\u00f3p m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang), gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong chu\u00f4ng, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

V\u1eady th\u00ec nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0m “rung \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1eddi”<\/em> trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 g\u00ec? D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec3m xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t:<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/h3>\n

“Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ea3nh v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ho\u1eb7c s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n kh\u00e1ng c\u1ef1 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00fa s\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u; kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ea3nh gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/em><\/p>\n

“S\u1ef1 tr\u1edb tr\u00eau c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u00fd ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 th\u00ec cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ngh\u0129 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ea1n”.<\/em><\/p>\n

“Th\u1eed th\u00e1ch l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 l\u00e0m s\u1ed1ng d\u1eady c\u00e1c thi\u00ean t\u00e0i”.<\/em><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f3m g\u1ecdn cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y trong m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh th\u00ec h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n ng\u1edb ng\u1ea9n b\u00ean t\u00e1ch cappuccino v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh Umberto Eco h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i g\u00e3 tr\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, b\u00e9o \u00fa khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t ng\u00e1n. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, b\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 t\u00e1t v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t th\u00eca \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang d\u1eebng n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecdc cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu:<\/h3>\n

4. The True Believer (Eric Hoffer)<\/h2>\n

S\u00e1ch n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"Stumbling<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

The True Believer b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 cu\u1ed3ng<\/strong> t\u00edn (fanaticism), ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u01a1 y\u1ebfu (fundamentalism)<\/strong> hay h\u1ec7 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ef1c \u0111oan (extremist).<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 t\u00f4i t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecdc. V\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c Hoffer s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00e2u ng\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n “ngh\u1eb9t th\u1edf”.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/h3>\n

“Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01a1i b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang v\u00e0 k\u00e9m nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 t\u1ea7m hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa”.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

“M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng c\u00e0ng \u00edt c\u00f3 l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng khi t\u1ef1 cho r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c th\u00ec anh ta c\u00e0ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i l\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i v\u00ec T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c hay v\u00ec s\u1ef1 m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a anh ta”.<\/em><\/p>\n

“T\u1ef1 do, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng khi\u1ebfn cho s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eb9 b\u1edbt v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 nhau. T\u1ef1 do l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eb7t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i l\u00ean g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. V\u00e0 v\u00ec t\u1ef1 do th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c khi\u1ebfn cho s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i t\u0103ng l\u00ean g\u1ea5p b\u1ed9i”.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m th\u01b0\u1edfng cho cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y l\u00e0: Theo nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i th\u00ec The True Believer l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch y\u00eau th\u00edch nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Eisenhower.<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y trong m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh th\u00ec h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t b\u00e0n tay l\u1eadt ng\u1eeda \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o m\u00e1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecdc cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu:<\/h3>\n

5. Civilization and Its Discontents (Sigmund Freud)<\/h2>\n

S\u00e1ch n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"Stumbling<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Freud l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t “hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt”<\/em> v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra psychoanalysis<\/strong> (ph\u00e2n t\u00e2m, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec5u t\u00e2m, v\u1ec1 sau tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft chung v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd) l\u00e0m cho khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh xu th\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng trong gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c kh\u1eafp ch\u00e2u \u00c2u th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. Sau \u0111\u00f3, chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 v\u00e0 h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. Tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Freud xu\u1ed1ng d\u1ed1c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t kh\u1ecfi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 su\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1920. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do d\u1eabn t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t l\u00fd l\u1ebd \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng th\u00fa t\u00ednh s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n, gi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9.<\/strong> Freud tranh lu\u1eadn n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nh\u1eefng ham mu\u1ed1n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00ea ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ea9y ch\u00fang v\u00e0o s\u00e2u trong ti\u1ec1m th\u1ee9c n\u01a1i (theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Freud) ch\u00fang th\u1ed1i r\u1eefa v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng lo\u1ea1n th\u1ea7n kinh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, Freud \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t trong hai l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111\u00ea ti\u1ec7n trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi: (1) ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i th\u1ee9 gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi v\u1ebb b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, do \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ef1 khi\u1ebfn cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 x\u00fac c\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c (2) \u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u00fang b\u1ed9c ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Freud, Hitler v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 II ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh cho quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed1c Do Th\u00e1i s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u00c1o n\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f9ng v\u1ee3 r\u1eddi Vienna sang London \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e1nh n\u1ea1n. \u00d4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean sau m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 bom.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecdc cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu:<\/h3>\n

6. The Singularity Is Near: When Humans Transcend Biolog (Ray Kurzweil)<\/h2>\n

S\u00e1ch n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"Stumbling<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a The Singularity is Near, Kurzweil \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean theo h\u00e0m m\u0169 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eabn s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo, \u00f4ng c\u0169ng tranh lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng v\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y m\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2046, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u00e3 h\u00f3a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t \u00fd th\u1ee9c (consciousness) b\u1ea5t t\u1eed, duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/h3>\n

“M\u1ed9t inch kh\u1ed1i trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng nano, m\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, s\u1ebd m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n 1 tri\u1ec7u l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o con ng\u01b0\u1eddi”.<\/em><\/p>\n

“T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng m\u00e3i m\u00e3i? Vi\u1ec7c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 theo k\u1ecbp n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng? \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn th\u00ec r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Tuy nhi\u00ean, 1.000 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n 1.000 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi ch\u1eebng \u1ea5y nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh h\u01a1n 1.000 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i (b\u1edfi v\u00ec qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o phi sinh h\u1ecdc [non-biological] nhanh h\u01a1n) s\u1ebd l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec? Theo th\u1eddi gian, m\u1ed7i n\u0103m qua \u0111i tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7. H\u1ecd s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?”<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecdc cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu:<\/h3>\n

7. The Denial of Death (Ernest Becker)<\/h2>\n

S\u00e1ch n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"Stumbling<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft th\u00ec d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n t\u00f3m g\u1ecdn nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 The Denial of Death:<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong \u0111\u1ea7u \u2013 ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, nghi ng\u1edd n\u00f3, t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u2013 do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

Hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea9m sinh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thi\u00ean b\u1ea9m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i c\u0169ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft. M\u1ed9t con ch\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn ra n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft. M\u1ed9t con c\u00e1 hay con gi\u00e1n c\u0169ng v\u1eady. Tuy nhi\u00ean, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd d\u1eabn ch\u00fang ta t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t “n\u1ed7i khi\u1ebfp s\u1ee3”<\/em><\/strong> lu\u00f4n hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n trong m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m. Becker tranh lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng n\u1ed7i khi\u1ebfp s\u1ee3 n\u00e0y truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 \u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t “d\u1ef1 \u00e1n anh h\u00f9ng”<\/em> (hero project) \u2013 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ea5t t\u1eed th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn t\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u01a1n m\u00e0 s\u1ebd l\u01b0u danh mu\u00f4n thu\u1edf.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 khi c\u00e1c “d\u1ef1 \u00e1n anh h\u00f9ng”<\/em> c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta tranh gi\u00e0nh, va ch\u1ea1m, tin t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 khi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n anh h\u00f9ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta ch\u00ecm s\u00e2u v\u00e0o n\u1ed7i th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/h3>\n

“Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t”.<\/em><\/p>\n

“\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1edb tr\u00eau trong th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u s\u00e2u s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u2013 t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 do v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i l\u00f9i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i”.<\/em><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f3m g\u1ecdn cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y trong m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh th\u00ec h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/strong> m\u1ed9t g\u00e3 th\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft d\u1eef t\u1ee3n c\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7m m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh khi \u0111ang xem b\u1ea1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t anh ch\u00e0ng Lego h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng phu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi”<\/em> v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n xoay ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u00f3i “d\u1eebng c\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i, th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea5y”.<\/em><\/p>\n

H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecdc cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu:<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c th\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd th\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd y\u00eau nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc hi\u1ec3u th\u1ea5u th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 l\u00e0n gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t b\u1ea1n, khi\u1ebfn t\u00f3c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb th\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda sau v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n h\u00e9t l\u00ean “Woa”<\/em>, y h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 anh ch\u00e0ng Keanu Reeves trong b\u1ed9 phim Ma Tr\u1eadn khi anh ta h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f5 thu\u1eadt Kungfu ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc USB \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn \u1edf c\u1ed5.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[452],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39957"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39957"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39957\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39957"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39957"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39957"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}