{"id":40227,"date":"2023-12-10T01:57:22","date_gmt":"2023-12-10T01:57:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/nhung-cau-noi-thong-tue-cua-triet-gia-socrates.html"},"modified":"2023-12-13T07:24:47","modified_gmt":"2023-12-13T07:24:47","slug":"nhung-cau-noi-thong-tue-cua-triet-gia-socrates","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/nhung-cau-noi-thong-tue-cua-triet-gia-socrates.html","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u n\u00f3i th\u00f4ng tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft gia Socrates"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Socrates l\u00e0 1 tri\u1ebft gia Hy L\u1ea1p, m\u1ed9t v\u0129 nh\u00e2n kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng quy chu\u1ea9n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi cho n\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u1eefng chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c, l\u00fd l\u1ebd, nh\u00e2n sinh quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u00fap \u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/strong> d\u00f9 h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe c\u00e1c b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i, sau c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

Socrates sinh ra t\u1ea1i Athens, Hy L\u1ea1p v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 470. Cha \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 1 nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc, c\u00f2n m\u1eb9 \u00f4ng l\u00e0 1 n\u1eef h\u1ed9 sinh. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Athen ch\u00ednh g\u1ed1c, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Hy L\u1ea1p. Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, Socrates c\u0169ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh cho tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc. \u00d4ng l\u1eadp gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ai trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m. Socrates d\u00e0nh su\u1ed1t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y cho nh\u1eefng thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. \u00d4ng tin v\u00e0o tri th\u1ee9c ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh<\/strong> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

\"B\u1ee9c
B\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Socrates \u0111ang suy ngh\u0129 t\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n Athens<\/p>\n

Socrates n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng b\u1edfi lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi cho m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/strong>. \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi m\u1eadp m\u1edd m\u00e0 lu\u00f4n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Socrates \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng 1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi r\u1ea5t ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5. D\u00f9 l\u00e0 1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng Socrates l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t k\u00ec 1 t\u1eeb n\u00e0o. M\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 qua trung gian. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Plato<\/strong> v\u00e0 Xenophon<\/strong> c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi v\u1edf k\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Aristophanes.<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n theo ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a Plato \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1edfi Xenophone c\u0169ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh 1 tri\u1ebft gia v\u00e0 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0a nh\u1eefng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u1ed9i tho\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

\"B\u1ee9c
Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ta bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 Socrates l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua Plato – h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Socrates<\/p>\n

Socrates b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft v\u00e0o n\u0103m 399 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, khi \u00f4ng 70 tu\u1ed5i. Phi\u00ean t\u00f2a n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra b\u1edfi theo nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i \u00f4ng, Socrates \u0111\u00e3 “t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/em>” v\u00e0 “l\u00e0m h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng thanh ni\u00ean<\/em>“, b\u1edfi \u00f4ng c\u00f3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ea3n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gh\u00e9t \u00f4ng cho r\u1eb1ng Socrates \u0111ang gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u cho thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb ch\u00faa m\u1edbi. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 3 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 tranh bi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, Socrates \u0111\u00e3 thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/em> m\u00e0 500 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u1eed t\u1ed9i t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfi Athens nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i. Socrates sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ef1 h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng 1 ly thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 20 c\u00e2u n\u00f3i hay n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

\"B\u1ee9c
H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh Socrates t\u1ef1 v\u1eabn b\u1eb1ng ly thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfc th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7<\/p>\n

1. Wisdom begins in wonder.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u00ec di\u1ec7u.<\/em><\/p>\n

2. The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec c\u1ea3.<\/em><\/p>\n

3. To know, is to know that you know nothing. That is the meaning of true knowledge.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec c\u1ea3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c.<\/em><\/p>\n

4. Be as you wish to seem.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n.<\/em><\/p>\n

5. Education is the kindling of a flame, not the filling of a vessel.<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c nhen nh\u00f3m ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea7y con t\u00e0u.<\/em><\/p>\n

6. Strong minds discuss ideas, average minds discuss events, weak minds discuss people.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 \u00f3c l\u1edbn th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, b\u1ed9 \u00f3c trung b\u00ecnh b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 \u00f3c non y\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/em><\/p>\n

7. To find yourself, think for yourself.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, h\u00e3y bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/em><\/p>\n

8. He who is not contented with what he has, would not be contented with what he would like to have.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec anh ta c\u00f3 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec anh ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3.<\/em><\/p>\n

9. Be slow to fall into friendship, but when you are in, continue firm and constant.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y th\u1eadt ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u 1 t\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1ed3i, h\u00e3y n\u1eafm gi\u1eef th\u1eadt ch\u1eafc.<\/em><\/p>\n

10. By all means marry; if you get a good wife, you’ll become happy; if you get a bad one, you’ll become a philosopher.<\/p>\n

D\u00f9 sao th\u00ec m\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft h\u00f4n, n\u1ebfu l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 hi\u1ec1n th\u00ec b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh 1 tri\u1ebft gia.<\/em><\/p>\n

11. Sometimes you put walls up not to keep people out, but to see who cares enough to break them down.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f4i khi b\u1ea1n d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 xem ai \u0111\u1ee7 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 n\u00f3.<\/em><\/p>\n

12. Let him who would move the world first move himself.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eddi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

13. The only good is knowledge and the only evil is ignorance.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u1ebb x\u1ea5u xa duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1edd \u01a1.<\/em><\/p>\n

14. Contentment is natural wealth, luxury is artificial poverty.<\/p>\n

H\u00e0i l\u00f2ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, xa x\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o.<\/em><\/p>\n

15. Do not do to others what angers you if done to you by others.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c theo c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd b\u1ef1c m\u00ecnh n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/em><\/p>\n

16. Every action has its pleasures and its prices.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng mang l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/em><\/p>\n

17. We cannot live better than in seeking to become better.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111ang \u0111i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/em><\/p>\n

18. Prefer knowledge to wealth, for the one is transitory, the other perpetual.<\/p>\n

L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c thay v\u00ec s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, v\u1edbi 1 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi 1 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u00e3i m\u00e3i.<\/em><\/p>\n

19. Death may be the greatest of all human blessings.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u00e2n hu\u1ec7 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/em><\/p>\n

20. Know thyself.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y t\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Sumaiya Kabir<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Socrates l\u00e0 1 tri\u1ebft gia Hy L\u1ea1p, m\u1ed9t v\u0129 nh\u00e2n kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng quy chu\u1ea9n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi cho n\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u1eefng chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c, l\u00fd l\u1ebd, nh\u00e2n sinh quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u00fap \u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/strong> d\u00f9 h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe c\u00e1c b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i, sau c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[452],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40227"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40227"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40227\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40227"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40227"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40227"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}