{"id":41027,"date":"2023-12-10T02:26:47","date_gmt":"2023-12-10T02:26:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/giai-ngo-ve-hieu-ung-mang-network-effect.html"},"modified":"2023-12-13T05:14:45","modified_gmt":"2023-12-13T05:14:45","slug":"giai-ngo-ve-hieu-ung-mang-network-effect","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/giai-ngo-ve-hieu-ung-mang-network-effect.html","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1ea3i ng\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng (Network Effect)"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Network Effects (hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f4i khi l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn.<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn Network Effect \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong kinh doanh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng cao, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 Network Effect (hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng):<\/p>\n

\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng th\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u1edbi t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 b\u00ean trong m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

V\u1eady hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\"Hi\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lu\u00f4n mu\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1eeba l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (producer) v\u1eeba l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng (consumer).<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, t\u00f4i \u0111\u0103ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean blog v\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ecdc n\u00f3. T\u00f4i \u0111\u0103ng tweet v\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ecdc tweet c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. T\u00f4i ki\u1ec3m tra l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp tr\u00ean Wave v\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u0103ng traffic cho website \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, t\u00f4i v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. T\u00f4i v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng m\u1ea1nh<\/h2>\n

H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t 3 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh doanh v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng m\u1ea1nh: Social Networks<\/strong> (m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i), Multiplayer Games<\/strong> (game nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i) v\u00e0 Sensor Networks<\/strong> (m\u1ea1ng c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn).<\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Facebook<\/strong> \u2013 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1. Facebook \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Harvard, sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 trong s\u1ef1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng (c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp) v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. C\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng tham gia th\u00ec gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n tr\u00ean Facebook, bao g\u1ed3m chia s\u1ebb ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i\/b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft. C\u00e1c b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng l\u00e0 “keo d\u00e1n”<\/strong> v\u00e0 “b\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng”.<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng Facebook v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. H\u1ecd v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Hi\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 Twitter<\/strong> \u2013 c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Facebook \u2013 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. \u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb nhanh h\u01a1n tr\u00ean Twitter. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Facebook l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh, b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t keo c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft d\u00ednh “si\u00eau” m\u1ea1nh!<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng trong game nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i game n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i m\u1edbi tham gia v\u00e0o, nh\u1eefng gamer \u0111\u00e3 ch\u01a1i t\u1eeb l\u00e2u s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean Facebook ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 th\u00ec trong game nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

“Ch\u1ea5t keo” v\u00e0 “b\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng” cho hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng trong game \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u1ed7i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i<\/strong> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt trong game<\/strong> \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m (touch point \u2013 \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i c\u00f9ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf game ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho game th\u1ee7. Game c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ebft d\u00ednh cao b\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i c\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p (level up) v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c m\u1edbi gia nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng xem m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u1eefa \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Waze \u2013 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mua l\u1ea1i b\u1edfi Google. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Waze \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f4n ngoan khi nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia giao th\u00f4ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng chia s\u1ebb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng giao th\u00f4ng \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng tin.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh lan truy\u1ec1n (virality)<\/h2>\n

\"Hi\u1ec7u<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y xem s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa Network Effect, Virality, Marketplace<\/strong> (m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c C2C \u2013 customer to customer, gi\u00fap nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng h\u01a1n) v\u00e0 Economies of Scale<\/strong> (l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf theo quy m\u00f4) \u2013 nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

Virality m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 lan truy\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t nhanh qua m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n<\/strong>. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Network Effect l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec7ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Virality \u2013 tin t\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 v\u1ee5 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch \u1edf Paris lan nhanh qua Twitter. Pokemon Go<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t minh ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Virality \u2013 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng \u0111ua nhau s\u0103n Pokemon trong tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i n\u00e0y. V\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, nh\u1eefng video v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u00fa m\u00e8o h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean YouTube c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn ra l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh lan truy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

Virality r\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 (s\u1edbm mu\u1ed9n g\u00ec) c\u0169ng s\u1ebd l\u1eafng l\u1ea1i. Ch\u00fang s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng theo th\u1eddi gian. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u may m\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, x\u1ea3y ra ngo\u00e0i d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc trong kinh doanh.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch b\u1ea1ch r\u00f5 hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng Virality kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho Network Effect<\/strong> nh\u01b0ng Network Effect s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o Virality tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Network Effect v\u00e0 Marketplace<\/h2>\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa Marketplace<\/strong> v\u00e0 Network Effect.<\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty nh\u01b0 Uber<\/strong> v\u00e0 Airbnb<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p b\u00ean trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi g\u1ed3m v\u00e0i t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi xem x\u00e9t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c quy m\u00f4 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

\"Hi\u1ec7u<\/p>\n

Marketplace g\u1ed3m hai kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh: cung v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u, nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a Uber v\u00e0 Airbnb, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i x\u1ebf Uber \u0111\u1ec1u di chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng xe Uber v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i xe Uber \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u00e0i x\u1ebf. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 c\u0103n h\u1ed9\/ph\u00f2ng tr\u00ean Airbnb \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u00f2ng tr\u00ean Airbnb \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 c\u0103n h\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 t\u00ednh Virality cao qua truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec7ng nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1 y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

Economies of Scale v\u00e0 Network Effect<\/h2>\n

Marketplace v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kinh doanh v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cung hay l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf theo quy m\u00f4.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, UberPool<\/strong> r\u1ebb h\u01a1n theo quy m\u00f4. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a, m\u1ed9t khi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn (nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111i c\u00f9ng tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p v\u1edbi nhau) th\u00ec chi ph\u00ed \u0111i xe s\u1ebd r\u1ebb h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng v\u00ec c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia v\u00e0o th\u00ec chi ph\u00ed di chuy\u1ec3n s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng r\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 giao h\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 Postmates<\/strong>. N\u1ebfu s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p th\u00ec khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao ri\u00eang d\u1eabn t\u1edbi ph\u00ed ship r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eaft. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau th\u00ec ti\u1ec1n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n s\u1ebd r\u1ebb h\u01a1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u1edf g\u1ea7n nhau \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd mua h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 giao m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00ecn chung, l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 quy m\u00f4 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n chi\u1ebft kh\u1ea5u n\u1ebfu mua h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn Network Effect \u2013 th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

\n

C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 quy m\u00f4 c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 khi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn x\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/h2>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng, h\u00e3y c\u0169ng xem th\u1eed trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i?<\/p>\n

\"Hi\u1ec7u<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

Khoa h\u1ecdc g\u1ecdi ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c (self-organizing). N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng quen v\u1edbi thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y th\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc cu\u1ed1n Complexity<\/strong> (t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p) \u2013 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

“S\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c carbon”<\/em> (carbon-based life) \u2013 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ed1ng xung quanh ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean DNA v\u00e0 RNA c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sao ch\u00e9p. Quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, DNA v\u00e0 RNA nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau d\u1eabn t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 auto-catalysis (t\u1ef1 x\u00fac t\u00e1c).<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 Network Effect.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 A v\u00e0 B. M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 AB. Ti\u1ebfp theo, kh\u1ed1i A v\u00e0 B \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi AB \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh AAB ho\u1eb7c ABB. Theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh AAAB, AABB, BAAB, BABB…<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a, nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i (feedback loop).<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch tri\u1ec3n khai hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng<\/h2>\n

B\u00e2y gi\u1edd h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng trong kinh doanh.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i giao \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean Facebook, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ecdc v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i (Facebook loop) m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y k\u00e9o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c 1:1 m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa 1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng Facebook – b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh – kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng tin, tham chi\u1ebfu l\u1eabn nhau, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 k\u00e9o m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

\n

Facebook l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty r\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp “nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u” b\u1edfi c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Facebook l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng r\u1eddi \u0111i s\u1ebd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c b\u1ecb k\u00e9o tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Network Effects (hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f4i khi l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[452],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41027"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41027"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41027\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41027"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41027"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41027"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}