{"id":41088,"date":"2023-12-10T02:29:02","date_gmt":"2023-12-10T02:29:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/lam-sao-nhung-y-tuong-nho-nhu-twitter-whatsapp-airbnb-lai-tao-nen-gia-tri-lon-thong-qua-hieu-ung-mang.html"},"modified":"2023-12-13T05:05:56","modified_gmt":"2023-12-13T05:05:56","slug":"lam-sao-nhung-y-tuong-nho-nhu-twitter-whatsapp-airbnb-lai-tao-nen-gia-tri-lon-thong-qua-hieu-ung-mang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/lam-sao-nhung-y-tuong-nho-nhu-twitter-whatsapp-airbnb-lai-tao-nen-gia-tri-lon-thong-qua-hieu-ung-mang.html","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e0m sao nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 Twitter, WhatsApp, AirBnB l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o n\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn th\u00f4ng qua hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1ng?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 nghe nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1eabn b\u0103n kho\u0103n trong \u0111\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c startup, r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea1i sao 1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 WhatsApp l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 19 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4-la<\/strong>? C\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n trong “th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7” r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea1i sao 1 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n g\u00f5 140 k\u00ed t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 Twitter l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4-la. C\u00f3 g\u00ec quan tr\u1ecdng trong khi Uber d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 1 c\u00f4ng ty taxi trong v\u00f4 v\u00e0n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty taxi kh\u00e1c<\/strong>?<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 khi n\u00f3i t\u1edbi c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng th\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i khi n\u00e0o c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00fd do ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 m\u00e0 s\u1ebd th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

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M\u1ecdi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ng\u1edb ng\u1ea9n khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Khi c\u00e1c startup ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 WhatsApp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mua v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 cao th\u00ec h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf qua m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 c\u0169ng b\u1ecf qua \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 c\u00f4ng ty d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng hay m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0o trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00f3i tr\u00ean l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng – m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng – \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra<\/strong>. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a AirBnB n\u1eb1m \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u giao d\u1ecbch. Twitter gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u1edf ch\u1ed7 khi ch\u00fang ta t\u1ea1o 1 tweet, khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c retweet hay ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i tweet.<\/p>\n

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Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean quan b\u00ean tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hay t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi WhatsApp kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eafn tin hay c\u00f3 450 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef 72% ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt ra th\u00ec gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec? V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00ec vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a WhatsApp, Twitter, Instagram, Uber hay AirBnB, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. T\u1eeb Lego, b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 cho t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1edb khi n\u00f3i t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

Lego: Khi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em<\/h3>\n

Trong b\u1ed9 phim The Lego Movie, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y 1 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng 1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 hay c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1eb1ng Lego, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o 1 mi\u1ebfng n\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, sau \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c (t\u00f2a nh\u00e0, c\u00e2y…) b\u00ean tr\u00ean mi\u1ebfng n\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3<\/strong>. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 khi n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra 1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u1ea9n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u00ean tr\u00ean. Android cung c\u1ea5p 1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u1ea9n (underlying infrastructure) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, YouTube mang \u0111\u1ebfn 1 mi\u1ebfng n\u1ec1n cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o video hay Etsy l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u00ean tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

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Trong c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb g\u00ec n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u00ean tr\u00ean n\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/strong>. N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb khi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o b\u00ean tr\u00ean n\u00f3. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u00e0 “h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho” (inventory) cho n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n

B\u1edfi Lego l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 s\u1edd n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hay n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u1ed9i dung – n\u01a1i n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u00ean tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng – c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh. Tuy v\u1eady, \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 1 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam v\u00e0o b\u00ean tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho n\u00f3<\/strong>. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 t\u00e0i x\u1ebf Uber \u0111\u01b0a th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng l\u00e1i xe c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u00eam gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb (v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho) cho n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n

: Uber ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o – Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 Uber<\/p>\n

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FedEx – S\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n trong m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi<\/h3>\n

H\u00e3y t\u1ea1m r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u1ea9n, thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n. FedEx \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 1 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c g\u00f3i h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m ngu\u1ed3n t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00edch. Quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a FedEx c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

Route – m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u1eeb thuy\u1ebft m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi (network theory) – l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

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C\u00f3 2 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u01b0 FedEx<\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i 1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m chuy\u1ec3n g\u00f3i h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m ngu\u1ed3n t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin (v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung) t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n t\u1edbi \u0111\u00edch. Ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 YouTube nh\u01b0 1 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef video c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0ng xem vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a YouTube trong vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n video t\u1edbi \u0111\u00fang ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111\u00fang video.<\/p>\n

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Tia l\u1eeda kh\u01a1i m\u00e0o, ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/h3>\n

H\u00e3y ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi \u1edf tr\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb n\u00e0y lu\u00f4n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u 1 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n 1 t\u00e0i x\u1ebf Uber s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng l\u00e1i xe \u0111\u1ec3 gh\u00e9p c\u1eb7p v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm xe. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch tr\u00ean eBay hay Etsy \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua b\u00e1n. \u0110\u00e0o s\u00e2u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat th\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m tr\u00ean PayPal \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m qua PayPal.<\/p>\n

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Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean, ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u00e0 “tia l\u1eeda m\u1ed3i” cho m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. Trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch The Catalyst Code<\/strong> c\u0169ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u 1 cu\u1ed9c trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh nh\u1eefng trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 n\u00f3i chi ti\u1ebft “tia l\u1eeda” \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec.<\/p>\n

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B\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 – t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/h3>\n

H\u00e3y ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 hay kh\u00fac c\u00f4n c\u1ea7u tr\u00ean b\u0103ng. C\u00e1c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i n\u00e0y lu\u00f4n xoay quay 1 \u0111i\u1ec3m trung t\u00e2m: qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng kh\u00fac c\u00f4n c\u1ea7u. Kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng xem to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o 3 \u0111i\u1ec1u:<\/p>\n

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Qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. M\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa 2 ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u b\u00ean lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 1 trung t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. B\u00ean kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 b\u00ean nh\u1eadn t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quanh \u0111i\u1ec3m trung t\u00e2m n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, m\u1ed7i n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y lu\u00f4n di\u1ec5n ra xung quanh 1 trung t\u00e2m<\/strong>, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng n\u00f3i tr\u00ean. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 lu\u1eadt trong c\u00e1c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c di\u1ec5n ra hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

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B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 – h\u00e3y h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0<\/h3>\n

Ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf – s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng hay vi\u1ec7c kinh doanh n\u00f3i chung – s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch khi h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0. D\u00f9 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n th\u00ec c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>\n

Trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch The Nature of Order<\/strong>, Christopher Alexander \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf 1 t\u00f2a nh\u00e0, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 t\u00f2a nh\u00e0. Khi m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ebd b\u1ea3n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf trung t\u00e2m v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 xung quanh \u0111\u00f3. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1eafc th\u00e1i nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf qua \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng khi c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3<\/strong>. Khi nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o 1 website hay \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, ch\u00fang ta xem ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 1 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o trung t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/div>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e0ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u n\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng 1 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3. Nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u01a1i vi\u1ec7c ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 trung t\u00e2m t\u1ecf ra v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng h\u1eefu \u00edch. Khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb l\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. T\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xung quanh trung t\u00e2m.<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec3m trung t\u00e2m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd cho bi\u1ebft c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 YouTube, AirBnB hay Threadless th\u00ec b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y t\u1eebng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xung quanh video, danh s\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda. T\u00ednh n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec ch\u00ednh n\u00f3.<\/strong> V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u, b\u1ea5t k\u00ec startup Internet n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i k\u1ebft th\u00fac l\u00e0 1 m\u1edb l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n. Khi c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u00e0ng g\u1ea7n nhau v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi trung t\u00e2m th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u1ef1c quan h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn ta quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng (Pipe – kinh doanh tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh). Toyota x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00f4 t\u00f4 (s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng). N\u1ebfu ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u00f4 t\u00f4, th\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u1eeba th\u00e3i. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n

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M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ecdi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ng\u1edb ng\u1ea9n khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[452],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41088"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41088"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41088\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41088"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41088"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41088"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}