{"id":50031,"date":"2023-12-17T05:49:06","date_gmt":"2023-12-17T05:49:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/top-15-cau-hoi-phong-van-net-pho-bien-nhat-2023.html"},"modified":"2023-12-17T05:49:06","modified_gmt":"2023-12-17T05:49:06","slug":"top-15-cau-hoi-phong-van-net-pho-bien-nhat-2023","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/top-15-cau-hoi-phong-van-net-pho-bien-nhat-2023.html","title":{"rendered":"Top 15+ C\u00e2u H\u1ecfi Ph\u1ecfng V\u1ea5n .NET Ph\u1ed5 Bi\u1ebfn Nh\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n .NET \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ea1nh tranh, vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia .NET, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n .NET. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n g\u1ed3m h\u01a1n 15 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n .NET <\/strong>ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t do Masterskills t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i cho c\u1ea3 \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean m\u1edbi v\u00e0o ngh\u1ec1 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n .NET cho fresher<\/strong><\/h2>\n

1. .NET framework l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n .NET<\/strong> v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 Framework v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng .NET Framework m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201c.NET l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Framework c\u1ee7a Microsoft gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y \u1ea3o h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3 trong m\u1ed9t Framework ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng .NET, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu -d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean web v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.\u201d<\/p>\n

2. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a .NET l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

.NET framework bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 sau: Common Language Runtime (CLR), Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n l\u1edbp v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 C#, VB.NET v\u00e0 F#. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

3. JIT trong .NET c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

JIT, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Just-In-Time, \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch trong .NET Framework. Khi m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi, tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch JIT s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3 MSIL (Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef trung gian c\u1ee7a Microsoft) th\u00e0nh m\u00e3 m\u00e1y khi ch\u1ea1y. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a m\u00e3 cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

4. MSIL trong .NET ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

MSIL, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 CIL (Common Intermediate Language), l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef trung gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng .NET. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ea5p cao nh\u01b0 C# ho\u1eb7c VB.NET. MSIL l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u201cb\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 tri\u201d v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi b\u1edfi CLR, d\u1ecbch n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh m\u00e3 m\u00e1y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n

5. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa managed code v\u00e0 unmanaged code trong .NET l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Code c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd (managed) hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd (unmanaged). Lo\u1ea1i m\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: managed code c\u1ea5m b\u1ea1n truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. Nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n .NET n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai lo\u1ea1i m\u00e3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00fang v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cManaged code ch\u1ea1y b\u00ean trong CLR v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n .NET Framework \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi. Unmanaged code \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi CLR v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y trong h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o unmanaged code t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi .NET Framework. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p managed code t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t kh\u1ecfi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c thi v\u00e0 bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng managed code khi m\u00e3 n\u00e0y ch\u1ea1y trong m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 CLR an to\u00e0n. Tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch d\u1ecbch unmanaged code sang m\u00e3 m\u00e1y. M\u00e3 m\u00e1y ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 nguy hi\u1ec3m tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.\u201d<\/p>\n

6. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i (state management) trong .NET l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Trong ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a .NET, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u gi\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng qua nhi\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i phi\u00ean, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i xem v\u00e0 cookie th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

7. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00e0 .NET Framework h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

.NET Framework kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi .NET bao g\u1ed3m C#, VB.NET, F# v\u00e0 Managed C++. T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i nh\u1ea5t trong khi t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a khung.<\/p>\n

8. C\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu (essential aspects) c\u1ee7a .NET l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

.NET l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 mi\u1ec1n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lo\u1ea1i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1. Nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a .NET. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia .NET c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t \u201cth\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n l\u1edbp\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cTh\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea1y ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef chung\u201d nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea1n cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cTh\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea1y ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef chung (CLR) v\u00e0 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n L\u1edbp l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a .NET Framework. CLR cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n l\u1edbp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c l\u1edbp thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng chung m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb.\u201d<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n .NET cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/strong><\/h2>\n

9. Boxing v\u00e0 unboxing trong .NET l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Unboxing l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u00e0nh lo\u1ea1i tham chi\u1ebfu, trong khi Boxing l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t lo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng h\u1ed9p. Boxing cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng tham s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tham chi\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

10. CAS trong .NET c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

CAS, ho\u1eb7c B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt truy c\u1eadp m\u00e3, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong .NET Framework gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi nguy hi\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c truy c\u1eadp tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n

11. K\u1ec3 t\u00ean ba th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a garbage collection trong .NET\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Trong .NET framework, garbage collection l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ba th\u1ebf h\u1ec7: Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 0, Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 1 v\u00e0 Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 2. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i qua nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n garbage collection s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p l\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 cao h\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

12. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb (memories) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 trong .NET framework l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

.NET framework h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb ng\u0103n x\u1ebfp, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb heap v\u00e0 heap \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb ng\u0103n x\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin l\u1ec7nh g\u1ecdi h\u00e0m, trong khi b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb heap \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ed9ng. Heap \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1edfi garbage collection.<\/p>\n

13. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (abstract class) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n (interface) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

L\u1edbp tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong .NET l\u00e0 l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u00f3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t k\u1ebf th\u1eeba t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n

14. U\u1ef7 quy\u1ec1n (delegation) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong .NET nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u1ee6y quy\u1ec1n trong .NET \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh g\u00e1n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo v\u00e0 m\u00f4 \u0111un h\u00f3a trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7m th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c g\u1ecdi l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u, l\u00e0 c\u00e1c con tr\u1ecf h\u00e0m an to\u00e0n ki\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n

15. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa user control v\u00e0 custom control trong .NET<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Trong .NET, user control l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb duy nh\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, custom control l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb, h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/h2>\n

V\u1eady l\u00e0 Masterskills \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng b\u1ea1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u top 15 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n .NET<\/strong> ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi c\u00e1c g\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi tr\u00ean, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 g\u00e2y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng. H\u00e3y nh\u1edb \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 .NET.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, h\u00e3y gh\u00e9 qua Blog c\u1ee7a Masterskills \u0111\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n .NET \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ea1nh tranh, vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia .NET, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p trong c\u00e1c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[181],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50031"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50031"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50031\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50031"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50031"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50031"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}