{"id":50048,"date":"2023-12-17T05:55:43","date_gmt":"2023-12-17T05:55:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/top-12-cau-hoi-phong-van-qa-pho-bien-nhat.html"},"modified":"2023-12-17T05:55:43","modified_gmt":"2023-12-17T05:55:43","slug":"top-12-cau-hoi-phong-van-qa-pho-bien-nhat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/top-12-cau-hoi-phong-van-qa-pho-bien-nhat.html","title":{"rendered":"Top 12 C\u00e2u H\u1ecfi Ph\u1ecfng V\u1ea5n QA Ph\u1ed5 Bi\u1ebfn Nh\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c QA. Cho d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi v\u00e0o ngh\u1ec1 hay m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n QA ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Th\u00f4ng qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, Masterskills s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng b\u1ea1n \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o top 12 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n QA<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nh\u1ea5t c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi g\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 tin h\u01a1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n QA fresher<\/strong><\/h2>\n

1. V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Quality Assurance Process) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n QA<\/strong> c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c fresher. M\u1ecdi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n trong quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec1u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn chu tr\u00ecnh PDCA, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh Deming. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a chu tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch: T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, QA \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/li>\n
  • Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n: Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m quy tr\u00ecnh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u201cth\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n\u201d c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, QA \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n theo trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/li>\n
  • Ki\u1ec3m tra: Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ec3 xem li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh hay kh\u00f4ng. T\u1ea1i b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, QA \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf s\u00f3t l\u1ed7i n\u00e0o.<\/li>\n
  • H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng: Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, QA n\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    2. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t Quality Assurance v\u00e0 Testing<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Quality Assurance (QA) v\u00e0 Testing l\u00e0 hai kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nhau trong quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. QA l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba l\u1ed7i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn. N\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

    \n
    \"testing\"
    Testing<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

    M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, Testing hay ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf so v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c sai l\u1ec7ch so v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

    3. B\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u g\u00ec v\u1ec1 bug leakage v\u00e0 bug release?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Bug leakage \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng l\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3.\u00a0<\/p>\n

    M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, bug release \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ghi l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho nh\u00f3m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. Bug release th\u01b0\u1eddng theo sau vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn l\u1ed7i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

    4. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t Quality Assurance (QA) v\u00e0 Quality Control (QC)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Quality Assurance (QA) v\u00e0 Quality Control (QC) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u1ed5 sung nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. QA t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba l\u1ed7i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. N\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

    M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, QC li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. N\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

    5. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gorilla testing v\u00e0 monkey testing<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Gorilla testing v\u00e0 monkey testing l\u00e0 hai lo\u1ea1i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

    Gorilla testing l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01a1n, l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ecdi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu kh\u1ea3 thi.<\/p>\n

    M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, monkey testing bao g\u1ed3m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra do c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n

    6. B\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u g\u00ec v\u1ec1 data driven testing?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Data driven testing l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o kh\u00e1c nhau. Thay v\u00ec t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u0103ng ph\u1ea1m vi ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

    \n
    \"data
    Data driven testing<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

    B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch logic tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u1ecfi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, data driven testing cho ph\u00e9p QA tr\u1edf n\u00ean linh ho\u1ea1t v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c th\u00eam b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i logic tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c khi x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n QA cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    7. B\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed quy h\u1ed3i (regression testing)? Nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed n\u00e0o n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed quy h\u1ed3i?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed quy h\u1ed3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. N\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

    Trong ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed quy h\u1ed3i, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i, c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o regression testing \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ecdi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n

    8. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro trong \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u00eau 5 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro.\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u0103m kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • R\u1ee7i ro k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/strong>: Nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, code v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t k\u00e9m, l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch.<\/li>\n
    • R\u1ee7i ro v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh<\/strong>: Nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. R\u1ee7i ro v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c k\u00e9m ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5. \u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/li>\n
    • R\u1ee7i ro v\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: R\u1ee7i ro v\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u1ea3y ra khi thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ph\u1ea1m vi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n
    • R\u1ee7i ro v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/strong>: R\u1ee7i ro v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, giao ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c trong nh\u00f3m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. R\u1ee7i ro v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/li>\n
    • R\u1ee7i ro kinh doanh<\/strong>: R\u1ee7i ro kinh doanh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i. Nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 uy t\u00edn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \n
      \"c\u00e2u
      Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

      9. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ea7n bao nhi\u00eau l\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed trong \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

      Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c chu k\u1ef3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed cho m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 quan tr\u1ecdng, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong>: Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, m\u00f4-\u0111un ho\u1eb7c khu v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro cao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho ch\u00fang.<\/li>\n
      • Ph\u1ea1m vi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. M\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/li>\n
      • Ph\u1ea1m vi ki\u1ec3m tra<\/strong>: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 bao ph\u1ee7 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong c\u00e1c chu k\u1ef3 ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/li>\n
      • M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ed7i<\/strong>: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u1eeb c\u00e1c chu k\u1ef3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ed7i cao ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1eabn \u0111ang li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00eam.<\/li>\n
      • K\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan<\/strong>: Xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, bao g\u1ed3m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        10. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t load testing v\u00e0 stress testing<\/strong><\/h3>\n

        Load testing v\u00e0 stress testing l\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c nhau. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n

        Load testing li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf m\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Load testing gi\u00fap \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i, m\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

        M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, stress testing nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ea9y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t. Stress testing li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1ed1c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn, s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c suy gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng cao.<\/p>\n

        M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u1ea3 load testing v\u00e0 stress testing \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, load testing t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn, trong khi stress testing ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. C\u1ea3 hai k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ki\u1ec3m tra n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi QA \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

        11. B\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u g\u00ec v\u1ec1 Bug\/Defect Triage trong \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

        Bug\/Defect Triage l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong QA \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o. N\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng l\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.\u00a0<\/p>\n

        Bug\/Defect Triage r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft l\u1ed7i k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

        12. B\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u g\u00ec v\u1ec1 Stubs v\u00e0 Drivers? H\u00e3y ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fang<\/strong><\/h3>\n

        Stubs v\u00e0 Drivers l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ri\u00eang l\u1ebb.\u00a0<\/p>\n

        Trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, Stubs l\u00e0 m\u00f4-\u0111un gi\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4-\u0111un thay th\u1ebf m\u00f4-\u0111un ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n. Stubs m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, cho ph\u00e9p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u00f4-\u0111un hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f4 l\u1eadp. Stubs cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un. Ch\u00fang gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 giao di\u1ec7n, x\u00e1c minh lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4-\u0111un tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u00f4-\u0111un ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

        Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, Drivers \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4-\u0111un d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un kh\u00e1c. Drivers l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn khai th\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. N\u00f3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4-\u0111un v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111\u00f3. Drivers gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ef1 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a m\u00f4-\u0111un v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un.<\/p>\n

        K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/h2>\n

        V\u1eady l\u00e0 Masterskills \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng b\u1ea1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u top 12 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n QA<\/strong> ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n QA l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 \u1ee9ng tuy\u1ec3n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u00ean, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 tin th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 g\u00e2y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

        N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, h\u00e3y gh\u00e9 sang Blog c\u1ee7a Masterskills \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed9c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c QA, QC nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c QA. Cho d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi v\u00e0o ngh\u1ec1 hay m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n QA ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[181],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50048"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50048"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50048\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50048"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50048"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50048"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}