{"id":5056,"date":"2023-11-29T15:26:07","date_gmt":"2023-11-29T15:26:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/?p=5056"},"modified":"2023-11-30T02:18:50","modified_gmt":"2023-11-30T02:18:50","slug":"quan-ly-thong-tin-va-du-lieu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/quan-ly-thong-tin-va-du-lieu.html","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u1eeba li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ho\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng cu\u0309a c\u00f4 \u00e2\u0301y, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00f4 \u1ea5y, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong nh\u00f3m b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang ra ngoa\u0300i th\u01b0\u0323c \u0111i\u0323a v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i 3 ng\u00e0y sau b\u1ea1n m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u1ecf v\u1ebb kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin<\/strong>\u00a0kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn CNTT m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cu\u0309a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ec7c\u00a0qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin<\/strong>\u00a0l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 trong ng\u00e0nh ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng), nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 trong c\u00f4ng ty thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf). B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n t\u1ed1t khi xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/h2>\n

Data Management Association\u00a0(DAMA) \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a\u00a0qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u201c\u2026 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n ma\u0300 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin.\u201d<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950 d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u00ea\u0300u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ch\u01b0a x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970 v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t khi th\u00f4ng tin b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd sang b\u0103ng, \u0111\u0129a. Trong th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c thu\u1ed9c m\u1ecdi quy m\u00f4, ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u00ea\u0323c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/span><\/h2>\n

Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4ng tin k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 10 l\u1ea7n sau m\u1ed7i chu k\u1ef3 5 n\u0103m v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u00ea\u0309 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u\u00a0c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Virginia Commonwealth cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn 10% s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u00edt h\u01a1n \u2153 s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u k\u00e9m<\/strong>\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n

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  • T\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh:<\/strong>\u00a0Tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp l\u1ee5t b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty l\u1ea1i l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng v\u1edbi tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la.<\/li>\n
  • Nguy c\u01a1 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec7n t\u1ee5ng:<\/strong>\u00a0Hacker truy c\u1eadp c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty, \u0103n c\u1eafp \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 th\u1ebb t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. Nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng na\u0300y c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp danh t\u00ednh, h\u1ecd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1edfi ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea1n v\u00ec vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0.<\/li>\n
  • Chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/strong>\u00a0T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy tr\u00ecnh hu\u1ef7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u2013 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c xo\u00e1 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi. Do \u0111\u00f3, chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c CNTT t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i m\u1ed7i n\u0103m.<\/li>\n
  • Quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/strong>\u00a0C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00ec m\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn trong c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ri\u00eang v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi nhau.<\/li>\n
  • B\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i:<\/strong>\u00a0Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kho h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n hay kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao cho kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
  • L\u00e0m m\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u\/ danh ti\u1ebfng:<\/strong>\u00a0Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ph\u1eadt \u00fd v\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng ban trong c\u00f4ng ty truy\u00ea\u0300n th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi nhau kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 doanh thu b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/li>\n
  • B\u00e1o ch\u00ed ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c:<\/strong>\u00a0M\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh x\u00e1ch tay, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ea1n g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t l\u00f2ng tin \u1edf kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh.<\/p>\n

    B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.\u00a0Global State of Information Security Survey\u00a0n\u0103m 2013 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 70% s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u201ct\u1ef1 tin\u201d v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2008.Tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong>\u00a0v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 an ninh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, \u0103n c\u1eafp b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n, l\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3o, l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

    C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c<\/span><\/h2>\n

    N\u1ebfu\u00a0qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/strong>\u00a0c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m nghi\u00eam t\u00fac, l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb ban gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c cho \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean m\u1edbi trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

    L\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng, vi\u1ec7c tu b\u1ed5 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m, nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i n\u0103m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u2013 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kinh doanh kh\u00e1c mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

    Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3\u00a0c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong>\u00a0cho nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

    1. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng<\/span><\/h3>\n

    H\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00e2y ra s\u01b0\u0323 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng,\u00a0t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn\u00a0v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1eb5n c\u00f3. (\u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u00e0n b\u01a1i\u00a0\u00a0th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng tin di chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.)<\/p>\n

    Ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u00e3y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u01b0a h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin. Vi\u00ea\u0323c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c truy c\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

    Khi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean danh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5\u00a0x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem li\u1ec7u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec hay con ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t n\u00eau tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

    2. Xem l\u1ea1i quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/span><\/h3>\n

    Nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng ma\u0300 ba\u0323n li\u1ec7t k\u00ea \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p\u00a0b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt d\u1eef li\u1ec7<\/strong>u hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean, l\u1ecbch ngh\u1ec9 l\u1ec5, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, th\u00f4ng tin kinh doanh nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u2013 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

    B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n\u00a0Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro\u00a0\u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng ban kh\u00e1c trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u2013 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, k\u00ea\u0301 to\u00e1n, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p \u2013 \u0111\u1ec3 xem li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

    H\u00e3y h\u1ecfi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn CNTT v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin. B\u1ea1n v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh g\u00e2y ra r\u1ee7i ro li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh x\u00e1ch tay, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m.<\/p>\n

    3. H\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/h3>\n

    Th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn CNTT v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c truy c\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n. \u00cdt nh\u1ea5t h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean CNTT bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u01b0\u0323 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd xem x\u00e9t khi n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

    Ph\u00f2ng CNTT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n danh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u00f4ng tin, tr\u00e1nh sao ch\u00e9p, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

    N\u00f3i cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m ca\u0301c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3\u00a0qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong>\u00a0c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xo\u00e1 t\u1eadp tin ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng? H\u1ecd c\u00f3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng? H\u1ecd c\u00f3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp t\u1ed1t, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

    H\u00e3y suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 ca\u0301c b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. L\u01b0\u1edbt qua t\u1eadp tin v\u00e0 x\u00f3a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u0169, kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 theo \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c; \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch\u00a0qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1eadp tin \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed\u00a0th\u00f4ng minh. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng ban do b\u1ea1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

    4. T\u1ea1o ra k\u00ea\u0301 hoa\u0323ch kinh doanh \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/h3>\n

    \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c,\u00a0qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin<\/strong>\u00a0kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao. N\u1ebfu qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ee7 trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

    Brainstorming\u00a0c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. N\u1ebfu th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, h\u00e3y ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o\u00a0k\u00ea\u0301 hoa\u0323ch kinh doanh\u00a0m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mang l\u1ea1i cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u k\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh<\/span><\/h2>\n

    Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

    Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n \u01b0u ti\u00ean. Khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp, b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 danh ti\u1ebfng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u00fap t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, h\u00e3y li\u1ec7t k\u00ea nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng, t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn v\u00e0 k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i. Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y xem l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

    Khi \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, h\u00e3y th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, h\u00e3y vi\u00ea\u0301t m\u00f4\u0323t k\u00ea\u0301 hoa\u0323ch kinh doanh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn mang l\u1ea1i cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 th\u00ea\u0301 na\u0300o.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u1eeba li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ho\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng cu\u0309a c\u00f4 \u00e2\u0301y, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[185],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5056"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5056"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5056\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5056"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5056"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5056"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}