M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh PDCA\u00a0hay Chu tr\u00ecnh PDCA ( L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u2013 Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u2013 Ki\u1ec3m tra \u2013 \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ) l\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Deming gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Chu tr\u00ecnh Shewart \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Walter A. Shewart \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00ean phong trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u1edf M\u1ef9 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 30. Tuy nhi\u00ean Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt l\u1ea1i quen g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh Deming hay v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n Deming.
\nM\u00f4 h\u00ecnh PDCA\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00f2n l\u0103n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng nghi\u00eang (theo chi\u1ec1u kim \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3), n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y: th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ng\u1eebng.<\/p>\n
PDCA l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb nh\u1eb1m duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, ng\u00e0y nay n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd (ISO 9001; ISO 14001\u2026).<\/p>\n
C\u1ee5m tr\u1eeb P-D-C-A l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a:<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00a0Plan\u00a0<\/strong>\u2013\u00a0L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch.<\/em> M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cho quy tr\u00ecnh PDCA \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 khi b\u1ea1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y:<\/p>\n \u2022 \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ea1n L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch (Plan) l\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi b\u1ecb r\u1edbt m\u1ea1ng n\u00e0o; \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh cho s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa nhanh ch\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 9001. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 9001 \u0111\u00e3, \u0111ang l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh,c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, Test Manager\/ Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 follow theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh PDCA. PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed1n b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m 3 b\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n 1.\u00a0X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1:<\/strong>\u00a0Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u1ea3y ra trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. V\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n 2.\u00a0X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau:<\/strong>\u00a0Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u1ea3y ra trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec v\u00e0 n\u00ean t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed n\u00e0o. Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n execute test m\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. V\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n 3.\u00a0X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn:<\/strong>\u00a0D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra, c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n, t\u1eebng ch\u00fat m\u1ed9t v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c testing nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn option A (s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng automation tool) v\u00e0 B (c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a tester b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 training). Option C (l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn tester nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed nhanh h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 th\u00eam l\u01b0\u01a1ng cho tester c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn. H\u00e3y l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00fang. Trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi sau:<\/p>\n \u2022 \u0110i\u1ec3m c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n? Trong b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i:<\/p>\n \u2022 \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed Khi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, Test Manager ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c sau:<\/p>\n \u2022 Review: Xem l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 r\u00fat ra kinh nghi\u1ec7m B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh\u00a0PDCA s\u1ebd gi\u00fap doan nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eadp trung c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a QMS h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn mong mu\u1ed1n n\u00e0y, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed tr\u00e1nh l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0m m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 h\u01a1n trong kinh doanh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m trong t\u1ea7m tay doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh PDCA\u00a0hay Chu tr\u00ecnh PDCA ( L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u2013 Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u2013 Ki\u1ec3m tra \u2013 \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ) l\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Deming gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Chu tr\u00ecnh Shewart \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[220,222],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5298"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5298"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5298\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5298"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5298"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5298"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n\u2022\u00a0Do<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp.<\/em>
\n\u2022\u00a0Check<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Ki\u1ec3m tra vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch.<\/em>
\n\u2022\u00a0Act<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u00e0y v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chu tr\u00ecnh P-D-C-A m\u1edbi.<\/em><\/p>\n
\n\u2022 Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch (Do) l\u00e0 khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p;
\n\u2022 Ki\u1ec3m tra (Check) l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi b\u1ecb r\u1edbt m\u1ea1ng;
\n\u2022 Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh (Act) ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1i ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u2013 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 m\u00f4t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi b\u1ecb r\u1edbt m\u1ea1ng, li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n sang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\nC\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh PDCA<\/strong><\/h2>\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc 1<\/strong>:\u00a0Plan (L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch)<\/strong><\/h3>\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: Do (Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec1 ra)<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\n\u2022 Khi n\u00e0o ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch?
\n\u2022 C\u1ea7n l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch? Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn M\u1ed9t khi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Test Manager ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n. Xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n sau \u0111\u00e2y: Trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng automation test thay v\u00ec manual test. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Check (Ki\u1ec3m tra vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch)<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\n\u2022 \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p
\n\u2022 Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng hay kh\u00f4ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 mong mu\u1ed1n hay kh\u00f4ng. C\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng metric (s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u). Test Manager thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u2026 vv V\u00ed d\u1ee5, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng automation test, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 10TCs\/man-hour. Sau khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u00ec n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t 20TCs\/man-hour.
\n\u2022 Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra: Automation \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 lack l\u1ed7i. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng automation test gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed gi\u1ea3m. V\u00ec v\u1eady, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\nB\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Act (Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh)<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\n\u2022 Standardize: Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd
\n\u2022 Update: C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c document theo \u0111\u00fang chu\u1ea9n
\n\u2022 Determine: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u1ebfp theo<\/p>\n