{"id":5333,"date":"2023-11-29T13:53:23","date_gmt":"2023-11-29T13:53:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/?p=5333"},"modified":"2023-11-29T16:35:19","modified_gmt":"2023-11-29T16:35:19","slug":"qua-trinh-hinh-thanh-phat-trien-mo-hinh-nhom-huan-luyen-twi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/qua-trinh-hinh-thanh-phat-trien-mo-hinh-nhom-huan-luyen-twi.html","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u00f3m hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n TWI"},"content":{"rendered":"
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TWI – m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u00f3m hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a TWI l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u nh\u1eefng hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean TWI v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean TWI s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c (Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u00f3m hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n TWI xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb M\u1ef9 n\u0103m 1940. \u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda.<\/em><\/p>\n

TWI xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb M\u1ef9 n\u0103m 1940 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh phong tr\u00e0o n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 lan ra to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. TWI l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Training Within Industry, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi 3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t bao g\u1ed3m: K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn vi\u1ec7c, K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng quan h\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n

Ba ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u01b0 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Toyota (Toyota Production System – TPS), M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn Lean, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn 5S, Kaizen, Duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 (TPM), Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n (TQM)\u2026<\/p>\n

TWI \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 M\u1ef9, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Anh, \u00dac, H\u00e0 Lan, Newzealand, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, \u0110\u00e0i Loan (Trung Qu\u1ed1c) v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

Sau Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 II, n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 b\u1edfi chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u00f3m hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n TWI \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1c l\u1ea1i. R\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c duy tr\u00ec hay \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1970 \u1edf c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p M\u1ef9. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, do s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng TWI \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1edfi m\u1ecdi c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1947 m\u00e0 sau ba th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eafng doanh nghi\u1ec7p M\u1ef9 ngay tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t M\u1ef9 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 M\u1ef9 t\u1eebng \u201cth\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb\u201d nh\u01b0 \u00f4 t\u00f4, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh, \u0111\u00e0i radio…<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea7u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 1990, phong tr\u00e0o \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 TPS v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tinh g\u1ecdn Lean, hay Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n TQM… h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u1eadt ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 M\u1ef9 nh\u01b0 Toyota, tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty M\u1ef9 sau khi tri\u1ec3n khai \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng TPS hay m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tinh g\u1ecdn Lean \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mong \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n

B\u1ebf t\u1eafc n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00f4ng khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd doanh nghi\u1ec7p M\u1ef9 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd thi\u1ebfu n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf: C\u00e1c c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp thi\u1ebfu kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn th\u00f4ng qua nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 g\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tinh th\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c c\u1ea5p l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 G Robinson (1992), kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i TWI v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh JIT, JMT v\u00e0 JRT tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u1ec9 huy tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea1i doanh nghi\u1ec7p M\u1ef9, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p M\u1ef9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng TWI t\u1eeb 2001 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn Carrier Corporation, DHD Healthcare, Gray-Syracuse, Higbee, Kilian Manufacturing, Nixon Gear, Rollway Bearing, Schneider Packaging Equipment, Solvay Paperboard, Syracuse Casting Corporation\u2026<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i M\u1ef9, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 8\/1945 c\u00f3 1.005.170 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o theo Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh JIT; 490.022 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o theo Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh JRT; 244.773 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o theo Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh JMT.\u00a0M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u00f3m hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n TWI c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb1ng sau s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n phi\u1ec7t \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 h\u01a1n, M\u1ef9 c\u1ea7n h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang \u1edf m\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, d\u01b0\u1edbi 10% so v\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1935-1937.<\/p>\n

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TWI \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 M\u1ef9, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Anh, \u00dac, H\u00e0 Lan, Newzealand… \u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1edbng MacArthur quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh TWI \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng TWI \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1eadc trung v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 C\u1ee5c Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 g\u1ecdi th\u1ea7u cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n TWI Inc do \u00f4ng Lowell MMasterskillsn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn d\u00f9 gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a TWI.Inc bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra \u201ct\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n – multiplier effect\u201d. \u00d4ng MMasterskillsn \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho TWI trong ti\u1ec3u bang Northern Ohio. \u00d4ng MMasterskillsn \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n 3 chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. C\u1ea3 ba \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh TWI.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u00f3m chuy\u00ean gia TWI M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u1eadt, B\u1ed9 Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Nh\u1eadt c\u0169ng l\u1eadp ra \u201cNh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u TWI\u201d. Nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7n JIT do V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (ILO) qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ba b\u1ed9 c\u1ea9m nang \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o TWI v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o 10 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edfng TWI.<\/p>\n

Trong khi ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i nh\u00f3m chuy\u00ean gia M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ebfn, nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 500 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean cho ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh JIT v\u00e0 70 cho ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh JMT. Theo s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a TWI.Inc th\u00ec n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o \u201chi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n\u201d v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Nh\u1eadt h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi TWI.Inc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh qui, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1eadp ra ba \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o cho Hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y – Master Institutes. M\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u201cJ\u201d: JIT, JMT v\u00e0 JRT. M\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb do m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch. Chuy\u00ean gia th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh TWI cho l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Nh\u1eadt l\u1eadp ra Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (JEPA) \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh TWI v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. JEPA kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng con s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a n\u0103m 1990 v\u00e0 1991 cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean TWI \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 2.450 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 2.490 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 66.700 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m 1990 v\u00e0 64.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m 1991. Qua h\u01a1n 50 n\u0103m, s\u1ed1 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh tr\u00ean 120.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ed7i hu\u1ea5n luy\u00ean vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o 22-25 nh\u00f3m, m\u1ed7i nh\u00f3m 10-12 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p TWI, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 150-200 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u00e0y, trong 50 n\u0103m, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1950 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 60 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a JMT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn Kaizen t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng g\u00f3p \u00fd c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn (Kaizen Suggestion system).<\/p>\n

Toyota l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng TWI. M\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Toyota \u0111\u1ec1u tham gia c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh TWI. \u00d4ng Masao Nemoto, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Toyoda Gosei v\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Toyota cho bi\u1ebft TWI \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n TPS -Toyota Production System.<\/p>\n

\u00d4ng Masao l\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a TWI. \u00d4ng n\u00f3i: \u201cVi\u1ec7c t\u00f4i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7n TWI l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i \u0111i\u1ec3m\u2026 trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean n\u00e0y (1950-1960) l\u00e0 l\u00fac Toyota \u0111ang \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Toyota (TPS). L\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean TWI, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 nhu\u1ea7n nhuy\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Toyota cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean do t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 huy. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, c\u00e1i n\u00e0y sau c\u00e1i kia\u2026\u201d.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3ng Canon.Inc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 44.000 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 1.200 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean, m\u1ed7i hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean TWI. Hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a Canon t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh TWI, nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u00e0m hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean TWI ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Canon.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1989, S\u1edf T\u01b0 ph\u00e1p Nh\u1eadt \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh TWI trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i hu\u1ea5n t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n.\u00a0C\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u00ec \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a TWI \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00ean ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u1edf Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi c\u00e1c Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Kinh doanh (\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc) chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, hay ngo\u00e0i doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

TWI \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0o Anh qu\u1ed1c n\u0103m 1944 v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi B\u1ed9 Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, trong 25 n\u0103m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. TWI c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00e2u \u00c2u kh\u00e1c trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn do Hoa K\u1ef3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.\u00a0New Zealand h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh TWI t\u1eeb Anh qu\u1ed1c n\u0103m 1947 v\u00e0 do B\u1ed9 Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng New Zealand \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i, th\u00f4ng qua TWI Services. Sau n\u00e0y New Zealand gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u TWI v\u00e0o \u00dac, H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng (Trung Qu\u1ed1c), Singapore, \u0110\u00e0i Loan (Trung Qu\u1ed1c).<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0i Loan (Trung Qu\u1ed1c) hi\u1ec7n nay, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh TWI \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t xe m\u00e1y SYM c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0i Loan (Trung Qu\u1ed1c) t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng ty m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh TWI. H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ecdc m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh TWI t\u1eeb c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. T\u1ea1i Indonesia, h\u01a1n 3 tri\u1ec7u nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u1edf c\u1ea5p gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Indonesia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u0103m 1951-1953.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

TWI – m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u00f3m hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t vi\u00ean. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a TWI l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u nh\u1eefng hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean TWI v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[220,226],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5333"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5333"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5333\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5333"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5333"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5333"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}