Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n (TQM) l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn TQM \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 g\u00ec t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y? Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, TQM l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c quy tr\u00ecnh. Jean Scheid \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng TQM th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n
Exxon s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng TQM \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/p>\n TQM kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng t\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c kinh doanh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh cao, Exxon c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng li\u00ean quan b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng TQM h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u1ea1nh tranh gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 Exxon \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb TQM. Theo BrainMass, Exxon: \u201c\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed.\u201d<\/p>\n Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Exxon l\u00e0 g\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m x\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu ho\u1eb7c mang th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u Exxon. Th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 mong mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng TQM \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng mong mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3, Exxon \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ef1c l\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u1ecfi th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda tr\u00e0n d\u1ea7u Exxon Valdez n\u0103m 1989.<\/p>\n Exxon quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0o 4 khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh, v\u00e0 trung th\u1ef1c trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch m\u1edbi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u1ea3 thi v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng uy t\u00edn th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n Xerox d\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1edd c\u00f3 TQM<\/strong><\/p>\n Theo b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Chatfield: TQM \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t huy hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean trang web c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p, \u201cNhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty M\u1ef9 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1960-1990 m\u1ea5t 40% th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, trong khi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n t\u0103ng 500% th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.\u201d V\u1edbi n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda, Xerox \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng TQM nh\u1eb1m gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. H\u1ecd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n TQM b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u1edf Trung t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Palo Alto (PARC), trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1y in\/copy\/fax.<\/p>\n M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0: \u201c\u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u1edf kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i; v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.\u201d v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u0169ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ednh, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Xerox sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tham gia v\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Baldridge cho nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n TQM c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n Ford \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn d\u1eaft b\u1edfi TQM<\/strong><\/p>\n T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, Ford tin t\u01b0\u1edfng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng TQM sau khi gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho Toyota. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e3ng kh\u00e1c, s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Ford n\u00f3i TQM l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cb\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n\u201d \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb Henry Ford, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xe ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, trong khi v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/p>\n T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng minh ch\u1ee9ng cho l\u1ee3i \u00edch to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a TQM. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n sang \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u00eam c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p 5S, Six Sigma v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed Lean Six Sigma, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cho c\u1ea3 3 c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi; v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng TQM, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n (TQM) l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn TQM \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 g\u00ec t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y? Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, TQM l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c quy tr\u00ecnh. Jean Scheid […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[223],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5360"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5360"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5360\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5360"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5360"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5360"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}