{"id":5393,"date":"2023-11-29T23:31:33","date_gmt":"2023-11-29T23:31:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/?p=5393"},"modified":"2023-11-29T19:40:42","modified_gmt":"2023-11-29T19:40:42","slug":"bao-duong-thiet-bi-tu-dong-hoa-bao-duong-san-xuat-tong-tpm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/bao-duong-thiet-bi-tu-dong-hoa-bao-duong-san-xuat-tong-tpm.html","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a, b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 TPM"},"content":{"rendered":"
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C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a n\u00f3i ri\u00eang g\u1ed3m r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u linh ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, kh\u00ed n\u00e9n\u2026ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 quan c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, do \u0111\u00f3 ngay t\u1eeb khi m\u1edbi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng. C\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 B\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t x\u00eari c\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o nh\u1eb1m cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00ed lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c B\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 B\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a n\u00f3i ri\u00eang c\u00f2n \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe t\u1ed1t m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta d\u00f9 m\u1ea1nh kh\u1ecfe v\u1eabn n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea9y ra v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nan y nh\u01b0 ung th\u01b0, theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea h\u01a1n 90% ca ung th\u01b0, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi!.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u0169ng v\u1eady, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u00f4 tri v\u00f4 gi\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau trong m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi chi ti\u1ebft c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ng\u1eebng m\u00e1y d\u1eabn t\u1edbi t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

N\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 WTO.<\/li>\n
  • Chy\u00ean m\u00f4n h\u00f3a cao \u0111\u1ed9.<\/li>\n
  • S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m v\u1ecb to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi<\/li>\n
  • \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 t\u1eebng c\u00f4ng ty n\u00f3i ri\u00eang ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m:<\/li>\n
  • Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/li>\n
  • N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t<\/li>\n
  • Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/li>\n
  • Linh ho\u1ea1t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho n\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

    Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef B\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 MAINTENANCE b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Latinh MUNAS (b\u1eb1ng tay) v\u00e0 TENERE (duy tr\u00ec). \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch duy tr\u00ec b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n

    Sau chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea7n hia t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a, b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1edf n\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho c\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

    Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef MAINTENANCE xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt b\u1ed5 sung kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m TPM (Total Productive Maintenance B\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t) v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n

    Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 s\u1eefa ch\u1eefa, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, n\u00f3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p th\u00eam c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, ki\u1ec3m tra, xem x\u00e9t, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh, ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

    B\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng = B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec + G\u00e1m s\u00e1t, theo d\u00f5i, n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a AFNOR (Association Francaise de Normanisation \u2013 H\u1ed9i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Ph\u00e1p) ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n NFX 60.010:
    \nB\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho ph\u00e9p duy tr\u00ec ho\u1eb7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d.<\/p>\n

    Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y n\u00ean b\u1ed5 sung: v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t trong su\u1ed1t trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb\u201d<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c b\u00e0i ti\u1ebfp theo s\u1ebd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. \u0110\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y ta n\u00ean t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    S\u1ef1 tin c\u1eady nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u, tuy nhi\u00ean quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kho\u1ea3ng 60 n\u0103m nay. Sau Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay 1, 2, 3 ho\u1eb7c 4 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. \u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 tai n\u1ea1n x\u1ea9y ra trong m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd bay.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1930 Walter Shewhart, Harold F. Dodge v\u00e0 Harry G. Romig \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft cho \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng k\u00ea trong ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Tuy nhi\u00ean nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 2, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft ri\u00eang l\u1ebb c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

    Trong chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 II nh\u00f3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ee9c do Wernher vom Braum \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00ean l\u1eeda V1. Sau chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda 10V-1 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00ean l\u1eeda lo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb n\u1ed5 tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 tr\u00ean b\u1ec7 ph\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c r\u01a1i qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm. Nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Robert Lusser \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0m t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ean l\u1eeda v\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0a ra quy lu\u1eadt t\u00ednh x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp. \u0110\u1ecbnh l\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng t\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady chung c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

    \u1ede Hoa K\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u00f9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady th\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady th\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng linh ki\u1ec7n. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i to\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n

    T\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960 Hoa K\u1ef3 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00f3ng t\u00ean l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00f4ng gian, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Mercury v\u00e0 Gemini. Ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nga \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u00f3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f3ng con t\u1ea7u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. H\u1ed9i c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp s\u1edbm. Chuy\u00ean san IEEE v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady \u0111\u00e3 ra m\u1eaft v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1963, nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng thu\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1960. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970 \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nguy c\u01a1 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa \u00fd. \u1ee6y ban nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u do gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Norman Rasmussen l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Rasmussen WASH-1400 (NUREG-75\/014). M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu nh\u01b0ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam t\u00fac c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n nguy\u00ean t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1. Trong \u0111a s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nguy c\u01a1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady. C\u0169ng trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y \u1edf Nauy \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p khai th\u00e1c d\u1ea7u ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong khai th\u00e1c s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00f3ng bi\u1ec3n. Nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ng\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n song song v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a con t\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian. \u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady th\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n chia ba l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/li>\n
    • \u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng<\/li>\n
    • \u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/li>\n
    • \u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ti\u1ebfp theo quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean: \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u0169ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong nhi\u1ec1u vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. C\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a n\u00f3i ri\u00eang g\u1ed3m r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u linh ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, kh\u00ed n\u00e9n\u2026ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[220,224],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5393"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5393"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5393\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5393"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5393"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}