{"id":5490,"date":"2023-11-29T15:17:48","date_gmt":"2023-11-29T15:17:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/?p=5490"},"modified":"2023-11-29T07:52:00","modified_gmt":"2023-11-29T07:52:00","slug":"quy-trinh-san-xuat-tinh-gon-va-su-can-thiet-cua-5s","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/quy-trinh-san-xuat-tinh-gon-va-su-can-thiet-cua-5s.html","title":{"rendered":"Quy Tr\u00ecnh S\u1ea3n Xu\u1ea5t Tinh G\u1ecdn V\u00e0 S\u1ef1 C\u1ea7n Thi\u1ebft C\u1ee7a 5S"},"content":{"rendered":"
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S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn hay s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Lean manufacturing) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1eb1m tinh g\u1ecdn h\u00f3a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p, gia t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh \u2013 5s<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cLean manufacturing\u201d (s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn<\/strong>) l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n n\u0103m 1990, trong cu\u1ed1n \u201cThe Machine that Changed the World\u201d (C\u1ed7 m\u00e1y l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Daniel Jones, James Womack v\u00e0 Danile Roos.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u1eb1m lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00fd trong quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00f3, doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn l\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u2013 \u00edt th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n, \u00edt m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1n, \u00edt nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng h\u01a1n, \u00edt m\u00e1y m\u00f3c h\u01a1n, \u00edt v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt chi ph\u00ed h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

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Nh\u1eefng l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/p>\n

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  • S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u01b0 th\u1eeba<\/li>\n
  • Khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt, ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m<\/li>\n
  • T\u1ed3n kho kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/li>\n
  • Di chuy\u1ec3n<\/li>\n
  • Ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i<\/li>\n
  • Thao t\u00e1c<\/li>\n
  • S\u1eeda sai<\/li>\n
  • Gia c\u00f4ng th\u1eeba<\/li>\n
  • Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed:<\/em><\/strong>Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, quy tr\u00ecnh hay t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o th\u00eam gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch ahngf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 th\u1eeba v\u00e0 n\u00ean lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf.<\/li>\n
    • Chu\u1ea9n ho\u00e1 quy tr\u00ecnh:<\/em><\/strong>Tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Trong \u0111\u00f3 ghi r\u00f5 n\u1ed9i dung, tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1, th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c do c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/li>\n
    • Quy tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c:<\/em><\/strong>N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00f9n t\u1eafc, gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n, \u0111i v\u00f2ng l\u1ea1i, tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 hay ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ebfn 90%<\/li>\n
    • S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u201cpull\u201d:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>C\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c foij l\u00e0 Jusst-in-time (JIT), s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Pull ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 v\u00e0o l\u00fac c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n ra d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n sau, n\u00ean m\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n x\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp.\"\"<\/li>\n
    • \n
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      • Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c<\/em><\/strong>: Nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1it tr\u1eeb ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c trong quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
      • Li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn<\/strong>: S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng loiaj b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra ch\u00fang. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 tham gia t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p 5S<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m 5S (5S methodology) b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • S\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc: S\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u00fang.<\/li>\n
        • S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp: S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ng\u0103n n\u1eafp, theo m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/li>\n
        • S\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd: V\u1ec7 sinh, qu\u00e9t d\u1ecdn, lau ch\u00f9i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 g\u00e2y b\u1ea9n t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n nh\u00e0, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb).<\/li>\n
        • S\u0103n s\u00f3c: \u0110\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho 3S n\u00f3i tr\u00ean v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n
        • S\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng: T\u1ea1o th\u00f3i quen t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c, duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
        • \"\"<\/li>\n
        • S\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a 5S<\/strong>\n

          Khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n 5S trong c\u00f4ng ty, 5S s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u1ecfi n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp ng\u0103n n\u1eafp, g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n. T\u1eeb c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 5S s\u1ebd n\u00e2ng cao tinh th\u1ea7n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, qua \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n

          Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t 5S s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t (P \u2013 Productivity)<\/li>\n
          • N\u00e2ng cao Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Q \u2013 Quality)<\/li>\n
          • Gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed (C \u2013 Cost)<\/li>\n
          • Giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n (D \u2013 Delivery)<\/li>\n
          • \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n (S \u2013 Safety)<\/li>\n
          • N\u00e2ng cao tinh th\u1ea7n (M \u2013 Morale)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do m\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p 5S n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

            <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn hay s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Lean manufacturing) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1eb1m tinh g\u1ecdn h\u00f3a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p, gia t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh \u2013 5s Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cLean manufacturing\u201d (s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn) l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[220,230],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5490"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5490"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5490\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5490"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5490"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5490"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}